Linux

Kuika mapulogalamu mu machitidwe a Ubuntu akuchitidwa pochotsa zomwe zili m'mabuku a DEB kapena pakulanda maofesi oyenerera kuchokera ku maofesi kapena ogwiritsira ntchito. Komabe, nthawi zina mapulogalamu samaperekedwa mwa mawonekedwewa ndipo amasungidwa mu RPM. Kenaka, tikufuna kukamba za njira yosungiramo makanema a mtundu uwu.

Masiku ano makompyuta ambiri amakono akuyendetsa mawindo a Windows kuchokera ku Microsoft. Komabe, zopereka zolembedwa pa kernel ya Linux zimasintha mofulumira kwambiri, zimadziimira pawokha, zimatetezedwa kwambiri kwa oyendetsa, ndipo zimakhazikika. Chifukwa cha ichi, ena ogwiritsa ntchito sangathe kusankha chomwe OS akuchiyika pa PC yanu ndikuchigwiritsa ntchito mosalekeza.

Kutumizirana mavidiyo, mauthenga ndi mawonedwe osiyanasiyana a multimedia, kuphatikizapo masewera, mu osatsegula akuchitika pogwiritsira ntchito kuwonjezeredwa kotchedwa Adobe Flash Player. Kawirikawiri, ogwiritsa ntchito amatsitsa ndi kukhazikitsa pulojekiti iyi kuchokera kumalo ovomerezeka, komabe, posachedwapa woyimanga samapereka zowunikira zojambula kwa eni eni ogwiritsira ntchito pa Linux kernel.

Pali olemba malemba ambiri omwe amapangidwa makamaka pazitsulo za Linux, koma zothandiza kwambiri pakati pa zomwe zilipo ndizo zomwe zimatchedwa zokhazikika. Zimagwiritsidwanso ntchito popanga zikalata zolemba, komanso popanga mapulogalamu. Zogwira mtima kwambiri ndi mapulogalamu 10 omwe adzaperekedwa m'nkhaniyi.

Nthawi zina ogwiritsa ntchito akusowa kufunikira kufufuza zambiri pa mafayilo alionse. Kawirikawiri, mapepala okonzekera kapena deta ina yapamwamba imakhala ndi mizere yambiri, choncho ndizosatheka kupeza deta yofunikira. Kenaka imodzi mwa malamulo omangidwira ku Linux ikuthandizira, yomwe ingakuthandizeni kupeza zingwe m'maphindi angapo chabe.

Nkhaniyi idzakhala ndi chitsogozo chimene mungakonzeretse Debian 8 OS kuti isinthidwe 9. Zidzakhala zigawo zingapo zazikulu, zomwe ziyenera kuchitika nthawi zonse. Komanso, kuti mukhale ndi mwayi, mudzaperekedwa ndi malamulo oyambirira kuti muchite zochitika zonse zomwe zafotokozedwa.

Ena ogwiritsira ntchito akufunanso kupanga pakompyuta pamtunda pakati pa makompyuta awiri. Amapereka ntchitoyo mothandizidwa ndi teknoloji ya VPN (Virtual Private Network). Kugwirizana kumeneku kumayendetsedwa kudzera kumagulu otsegulidwa kapena otsekedwa ndi mapulogalamu. Pambuyo pomangika bwino ndikukonzekera zigawo zonse, ndondomekoyi ikhonza kukhala yodzaza, ndi kugwirizana - kotetezedwa.

Pulogalamu yamapulogalamu yotchedwa LAMP ikuphatikizapo OS pa kernel ya Linux, seva ya Apache, database ya MySQL, ndi zipangizo za PHP zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pa injini yanu. Kenako, timalongosola mwatsatanetsatane za kukhazikitsa ndi kuyimitsa koyambirira kwazowonjezera izi, kutenga chitsanzo cha Ubuntu zatsopano. Kuika BAMP patsogolo pa mapulogalamu mu Ubuntu Popeza momwe nkhaniyi ikuwonetsera kuti mwaika Ubuntu pa kompyuta yanu, tidzasunthira phazi ili ndikupita ku mapulogalamu ena, koma mungapeze malangizo pa nkhani yomwe ikukufunani, powerenga nkhani zina zolumikizana.

Owerenga ambiri amakumana ndi mavuto pamene akuyesera kukhazikitsa intaneti mu Ubuntu. Nthawi zambiri izi zimakhala chifukwa cha kusadziŵa zambiri, koma pangakhale zifukwa zina. Nkhaniyi idzapereka malangizo a kukhazikitsidwa kwa mitundu yosiyanasiyana yolumikizana ndi kufufuza mwatsatanetsatane mavuto onse omwe angatheke panthawiyi.

Zomwe zimayendera pa Linux machitidwe opangira machitidwe ndi zosiyanasiyana zomwe ali ndi mfundo zamagwiritsidwe ntchito ndi mapulogalamu ena pa nthawi yokuyamba. Kawirikawiri amaphatikizapo magawo ambiri a magawo awiri a zojambulajambula ndi chilolezo cha lamulo, deta pa zosintha za osuta, malo a mafayilo ena, ndi zina zambiri.

Otsatsa mapulogalamu a webusaiti angakhale ovuta kukhazikitsa chinenero cha PHP ku Ubuntu Server. Izi ndi chifukwa cha zinthu zambiri. Koma pogwiritsira ntchito ndondomekoyi, aliyense angapewe zolakwa panthawi yoikidwa. Kuika PHP mu Ubuntu Server Kuyika PHP chinenero ku Ubuntu Server kungakhoze kuchitidwa m'njira zosiyanasiyana - izo zonse zimadalira machitidwe ake ndi ndondomeko ya kayendedwe kameneko.

Kukhala ndi OS mokwanira pa ndodo ya USB ndi yabwino kwambiri. Ndipotu, ikhoza kuthamanga kuchoka pawunikirayi pa kompyuta iliyonse kapena laputopu. Kugwiritsira ntchito Live CD dongosolo pa media yochotsanso kungathandizenso kubwezeretsa Mawindo. Kukhalapo kwa machitidwe opangira pa galimoto kukulolani kuti mugwire ntchito pa kompyuta ngakhale opanda diski.

Nthaŵi zambiri, ena ogwiritsira ntchito pa intaneti akuyang'anizana ndi kufunikira kukhazikitsa mgwirizano wotetezeka, wosadziwika, wosadziwika, kawirikawiri ndi kubwezeretsedwa kwa adresse ya IP ndi nambala yapadera ya dziko. Katswiri wamakono wotchedwa VPN amathandiza pakukhazikitsa ntchito yotereyi. Wogwiritsa ntchitoyo amafunikira kokha kukhazikitsa zigawo zonse zofunika pa PC ndikupanga kugwirizana.

Pogwira ntchito iliyonse, nthawi zina pamakhala zofunikira kugwiritsa ntchito zipangizo kuti mwamsanga mupeze fayilo yapadera. Izi ndizofunikira ku Linux, kotero m'munsimu mudzaonedwa njira zonse zofufuza mafayilo mu OS. Zida zonse zoyang'anira fayilo ndi malamulo omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito mu Terminal adzafotokozedwa.

Pulogalamu iliyonse imalankhulana ndi wina kudzera pa intaneti kapena mkati mwa intaneti. Ma doko apadera amagwiritsidwa ntchito pa izi, kawirikawiri zizindikiro za TCP ndi UDP. Mukhoza kupeza malo omwe akugwiritsidwa ntchito pakali pano, ndiko kuti, akuwoneka otseguka, mothandizidwa ndi zipangizo zomwe zilipo pulogalamuyi.

Pulogalamu ya SSH imagwiritsidwa ntchito popereka mauthenga otetezeka ku makompyuta, omwe amalola mphamvu zakutali kuti zisagwiritsidwe ntchito pokhapokha pogwiritsa ntchito makina opangidwira, komanso kudzera mu njira yosakanikirana. Nthawi zina, ogwiritsa ntchito mawonekedwe a Ubuntu ayenera kukhazikitsa seva la SSH pa PC yawo.

Nthawi zina wogwiritsa ntchito amafunika kufufuza mndandandanda wazinthu zomwe akugwiritsa ntchito pa Linux ndikupeza zambiri zokhudzana ndi aliyense kapena zina. Mu OS, muli zipangizo zomwe zimakupangitsani kukwaniritsa ntchito popanda khama. Chida chilichonse chimayendetsedwa pansi pa ogwiritsa ntchito ndipo chimatsegula mwayi wosiyana nawo.

Chifukwa chakuti Ubuntu Server sanagwiritse ntchito mawonekedwe, omvera akukumana ndi mavuto pamene amayesa kukhazikitsa intaneti. Nkhaniyi ikuuzani malamulo omwe muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito ndi mafayilo omwe mungasinthe kuti mukwaniritse zotsatira.

Pali mavoti pamene kuli kofunika kupeza omwe akulembetsa m'zinthu zoyendetsera Linux. Izi zingafunike kuti mudziwe ngati pali ogwiritsa ntchito, ngati wogwiritsa ntchito kapena gulu lonse likufunikira kusintha deta yawo. Onaninso: Mmene mungawonjezere ogwiritsa ntchito ku gulu la Linux Njira zowunika mndandanda wa ogwiritsa ntchito Anthu omwe amagwiritsira ntchito dongosolo lino akhoza kugwiritsa ntchito njira zosiyanasiyana, komanso oyambitsa izi ndizovuta kwambiri.

Inde, kugawidwa kwa machitidwe opangira pa kernel ya Linux nthawi zambiri kumakhala ndi mawonekedwe ojambulidwa ndi maofesi omwe amakulolani kuti mugwire ntchito limodzi ndi zinthu zina. Komabe, nthawi zina zimakhala zofunikira kuti mupeze zomwe zili mu foda inayake kupyolera mu makonzedwe omangidwa.