Ubuntu Server Internet Connection Kukonzekera Guide

Chifukwa chakuti Ubuntu Server sanagwiritse ntchito mawonekedwe, omvera akukumana ndi mavuto pamene akuyesera kukhazikitsa intaneti. Nkhaniyi ikuuzani malamulo omwe muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito ndi mafayilo omwe mungasinthe kuti mukwaniritse zotsatira.

Onaninso: Zotsogolezera kukhazikitsa intaneti pa Ubuntu

Kukonzekera intaneti ku Ubuntu Server

Musanayambe kutsogolera ndondomeko yothandizira, ndi kofunika kufotokozera zina mwazimene muyenera kuzipeza.

• Muyenera kukhala ndi inu zolemba zonse zomwe munalandira kuchokera kwa wopereka. Iyenera kukhala ndi login, password, subnet mask, adiresi adiresi ndi nambala yamtengo wa seva DNS.
• Madalaivala pa khadi la makanema ayenera kukhala mawonekedwe atsopano.
• Chingwe chothandizira chiyenera kulumikizidwa bwino ku kompyuta.
• Foni yamakina sayenera kusokoneza makanema. Ngati izi siziri choncho, yang'anani zoikidwiratu ndipo, ngati n'koyenera, zisinthe.

Komanso, simungathe kugwirizana ndi intaneti ngati simukudziwa dzina la makanema anu. Kuti mudziwe kuti ndi zophweka, muyenera kuthamanga lamulo ili:

sudo lshw -C Network

Onaninso: Nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito ku Linux

Mu zotsatira, zindikirani mzere "dzina lolondola", phindu lotsutsana nalo lidzakhala dzina la mawonekedwe anu ogwirira ntchito.

Pankhaniyi, dzina "eth0"mukhoza kukhala osiyana.

Zindikirani: mukhoza kuona zinthu zingapo mu mzere wochokera kuzinthu, izi zikutanthauza kuti muli ndi makadi angapo ogwiritsira ntchito makompyuta omwe amaikidwa mu kompyuta yanu. Poyamba, dziwani kuti mumasankha zochitika ziti ndi kuzigwiritsira ntchito pomaliza malangizo.

Makina okhwima

Ngati wothandizira wanu amagwiritsa ntchito makina oweta kuti agwirizane ndi intaneti, ndiye kuti mukufunika kusintha pa fayilo yoyimitsidwa kuti muyambe kugwirizana. "interfaces". Koma deta yomwe idzalembedwe imadalira mwachindunji mtundu wa IP wopereka. M'munsimu mudzapatsidwa malangizo pazomwe mungasankhe: IP yamphamvu komanso yolimba.

Mphamvu ya IP

Kuyika mgwirizano wotere ndi kosavuta; apa pali zomwe muyenera kuchita:

1. Tsegulani fayilo yosinthika "interfaces" pogwiritsa ntchito mndandanda wa malemba nano.

   sudo nano / etc / network / interfaces

   Onaninso: Olemba Mabaibulo otchuka

   Ngati simunapange kusintha kwa fayilo kale, ndiye kuti ziyenera kuoneka ngati izi:

   

   Popanda kutero, chotsani zonse zosafunikira kuchokera pazomwe mukulembazo.

2. Popeza mutadutsa mzere umodzi, lowetsani magawo otsatirawa:

   iface [network interface dzina] inet dhcp
galimoto [dzina lachithunzi]

3. Sungani kusintha mwa kusindikiza njira yachinsinsi Ctrl + O ndi kutsimikizira zotsatirazo ndi fungulo Lowani.
4. Siyani wokonza malemba powasindikiza Ctrl + X.

Zotsatira zake, fayilo yosinthidwa ikhale ndi mawonekedwe awa:

Izi zimatha kukonza makina okhwima ndi IP. Ngati Intaneti sichikuwoneka, ndiye kuti muyambitse kompyuta, nthawi zina imathandiza.

Palinso njira yowonjezera yowonjezera intaneti.

sudo ip addr wonjezerani [wothandizira makalata a makanema] / [chiwerengero cha ma bits mu chigawo choyambirira cha aderesi] dev [dzina la mawonekedwe a network]

Dziwani: Mauthenga a adiresi ya khadi la makanema angapezeke mwa kugwiritsa ntchito lamulo la ifconfig. Mu zotsatira, mtengo wofunikira ndi utatha "inet addr".

Atatha lamuloli, intaneti iyenera kuwonekera nthawi yomweyo pamakompyuta, pokhapokha ngati deta yonseyi itanenedwa molondola. Chosavuta chachikulu cha njira iyi ndi chakuti pambuyo poti kompyuta ikambiranso, idzawonongeka, ndipo mudzafunika kukwaniritsa lamuloli kachiwiri.

Static IP

Kukonzekera static IP ku mphamvu kumasiyana ndi chiwerengero cha deta chimene chiyenera kulowa mu fayilo "interfaces". Kuti mupange ulalo wogwirizana, muyenera kudziwa:

• dzina la makanema anu a makanema;
• IP subnet masks;
• chipatala;
• Seva ya DNS imayankhula;

Monga tanena kale, deta yonseyi muyenera kupereka wopereka. Ngati muli ndi zofunikira zonse, chitani izi:

1. Tsegulani fayilo yosinthidwa.

   sudo nano / etc / network / interfaces

2. Pamene ndime ikuchotsedwa, lembani magawo onse motere:

   iface [network interface mawonekedwe] inet static
Adilesi [aderesi] (aderesi ya makanema a makanema)
netmask [aderesi] (subnet mask)
chipata [aderesi]
dns-nameservers [aderesi] (Adilesi ya seva ya DNS)
galimoto [dzina lachithunzi]

3. Sungani kusintha.
4. Tsekani zolemba.

Zotsatira zake, deta yonse mu fayilo iyenera kuoneka ngati iyi:

Tsopano makonzedwe a makina owongolera ndi IP static akhoza kuonedwa kuti ndi amphumphu. Mofananamo ndi mphamvu, ndikulimbikitsanso kuyambanso kompyuta kuti zisinthe.

PPPoE

Ngati wothandizira wanu akupatsani PPPoE thandizo lanu, kukonzekera kuyenera kuchitidwa kupyolera pa ntchito yapadera imene imayikidwa pa Ubuntu Server. Icho chimatchedwa pppoeconf. Kuti mutumikize kompyuta yanu pa intaneti, chitani zotsatirazi:

1. Kuthamanga lamulo:

   sudo pppoeconf

2. Pogwiritsira ntchito mawonekedwe osokoneza maonekedwe omwe akuwonekera, dikirani mpaka zipangizo zamakanema zasindikizidwa.
3. M'ndandanda, dinani Lowani pamtundu wa mawonekedwe omwe mudzasankha.

Dziwani: ngati muli ndi sewero limodzi la mawonekedwe, ndiye kuti zenera izi zatha.

4. Muzenera "ZOCHITA ZAMBIRI" dinani "Inde".



5. Muzenera yotsatira, mudzafunsidwa kuti mulowemo ndi mawu achinsinsi - alowetseni ndi kutsimikizira mwa kuwonekera "Chabwino". Ngati mulibe deta ndi inu, funsani mwiniwake kuti mudziwe zambiri.



6. Muzenera "Gwiritsani ntchito PEER DNS" dinani "Ayi"ngati adilesi ya IP imakhala yolimba, ndi "Inde"ngati zamphamvu. Pachiyambi choyamba, mudzafunsidwa kuti mulowetse seva ya DNS pamanja.



7. Gawo lotsatira ndi kuchepetsa kukula kwa MSS kufika 1,452 byte. Muyenera kupereka chilolezo, chidzathetsa kuthekera kwa zolakwa zazikulu mukalowa malo ena.



8. Kenako, sankhani yankho "Inde"ngati mukufuna kompyuta yanu kugwirizanitse ndi intaneti pambuyo poyambitsidwa. "Ayi" - ngati simukufuna.
9. Muzenera "KUKHALA KUKHALA"powasindikiza "Inde", mumapereka chilolezo chothandizira kukhazikitsa ubale pakalipano.

Ngati osankha "Ayi", ndiye mutha kulumikiza pa intaneti pambuyo pomvera lamulo:

sudo pon dsl-wopereka

Mukhozanso kuthetsa mgwirizano wa PPPoE nthawi iliyonse polemba lamulo lotsatira:

sudo poff dsl-wopereka

YAM'MBUYO YOTSATIRA

Pali njira ziwiri zosinthira DIAL-UP: kugwiritsa ntchito ntchito pppconfig ndi kupanga mapangidwe mu fayilo yosinthika "wvdial.conf". Njira yoyamba mu nkhaniyi siidzakambidwa mwatsatanetsatane, chifukwa malangizowa ali ofanana ndi ndime yapitayi. Zomwe mukufunikira kudziwa ndi momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito. Kuti muchite izi, thawani:

sudo pppconfig

Pambuyo pa kuphedwa, mawonekedwe owonetsera zamatsenga adzawonekera. Kuyankha mafunso omwe adzafunsidwa mu ndondomekoyi, mukhoza kukhazikitsa mgwirizano wa DIAL-UP.

Dziwani: ngati mukuvutika kuti muyankhe mafunso ena, ndikulimbikitsana kuti mufunsane ndi wothandizira.

Ndi njira yachiwiri, chirichonse chiri chovuta kwambiri. Chowonadi ndi chakuti fayilo yosintha "wvdial.conf" Palibe dongosolo, ndipo kulipanga, muyenera kukhazikitsa ntchito yapadera yomwe, panthawi yomwe ikugwira ntchito, idzawerenga zonse zofunika ku modem ndikuyiyika mu fayilo ili.

1. Sungani ntchito pogwiritsa ntchito lamulo:

   sudo apt install wvdial

2. Kuthamangitsa fayilo yoyenera ndi lamulo:

   sudo wvdialconf

   Panthawiyi, ntchitoyi inapanga mafayilo okonzekera ndipo inalowa mkati mwake magawo onse oyenera. Tsopano muyenera kulowa deta kuchokera kwa wothandizira kuti pakhale kugwirizana.

3. Tsegulani fayilo "wvdial.conf" kudzera pamasinthidwe nano:

   sudo nano /etc/wvdial.conf

4. Lowani deta m'mizere Foni, Username ndi Chinsinsi. Zonse zomwe mungapeze kuchokera kwa wothandizira.



5. Sungani kusintha ndikuchotsani mndandanda wamakalata.

Pambuyo pochita zochitika, kuti mutumikire ku intaneti, mumangoyenera kuchita lamulo ili:

sudo wvdial

Monga momwe mukuonera, njira yachiwiriyi ndi yovuta kwambiri poyerekezera ndi yoyamba, koma ndi chithandizo chomwe mungathe kukhazikitsa magawo onse oyenerana ndi kuwonjezera pa intaneti.

Kutsiliza

Ubuntu Server ili ndi zida zonse zofunika kuti akonze mtundu uliwonse wa intaneti. Nthaŵi zina, ngakhale njira zingapo zimaperekedwa. Chinthu chachikulu ndicho kudziwa malamulo onse ndi deta zomwe mukufunikira kuti mulowe mu mafayilo osinthika.