HDMI ndi makina ojambulidwa adijito yamagetsi omwe amasinthidwa pambuyo pa mafano, kanema ndi audio. Masiku ano ndi njira yowonjezera yotenga kachilombo ka HIV ndipo imagwiritsidwa ntchito pafupifupi makompyuta onse, kumene mavidiyo amachokera - kuchokera ku matelefoni kumakompyuta.
About HDMI
Gombeli liri ndi osonkhana 19 muzosiyana zonse. Chojambulirachi chimagawidwanso mu mitundu yosiyanasiyana, yomwe mumayenera kugula chingwe chofunikira kapena adapata. Mitundu yotsatira ikupezeka:
- Chofala kwambiri ndi "chachikulu" chikuimira A ndi B, zomwe zingapezedwe m'mawongolera, makompyuta, makompyuta, masewera a masewera, ma TV. Mtundu wa B uli wofunikira kuti ubweretse bwino;
- Mtundu wa C uli wochepa kwambiri pa doko lapitalo, lomwe nthawi zambiri limagwiritsidwa ntchito mu netbooks, mapiritsi, PDAs;
- Mtundu D - ndi wochepa kwambiri, chifukwa uli ndi zing'onozing'ono zamitundu yonse. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka m'zipiritsi zing'onozing'ono ndi mafoni a m'manja;
- E-mtundu - doko lokhala ndi zizindikiro zotere limatetezedwa makamaka pa fumbi, chinyezi, madontho otentha, kuthamanga ndi makina. Chifukwa cha chikhalidwe chake, chimaikidwa pa makompyuta pamagalimoto komanso pa zipangizo zamakono.
Mitundu ya madoko ingathe kusiyanitsidwa wina ndi mzake pakuwonekera kapena kuyika chizindikiro chodziwika ngati kalata imodzi ya Chilatini (palibe maiko onse).
Kutalika kwachitsulo
Kuti agwiritse ntchito, magetsi a HDMI kufika mamita 10 m'litali amagulitsidwa, koma angapezekanso mamita 20, omwe ali okwanira kwa osuta. Makampani osiyanasiyana, malo osungirako deta, makampani a IT angathe kugula zingwe za 20, 50, 80 ndi zoposa mamita 100 pa zosowa zawo. Kuti mugwiritse ntchito panyumba, simuyenera kutenga chingwe "pamtunda", zidzakhala zokwanira 5 kapena 7.5 mamita.
Zingwe zogwiritsiridwa ntchito kunyumba zimapangidwa makamaka zamkuwa wapadera, zomwe zimanyamula mosavuta pamtunda wautali. Komabe, pali kudalira kwa khalidwe la kubalana pa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mkuwa yomwe makinawo amapangidwa, ndi makulidwe ake.
Mwachitsanzo, zitsanzo za mkuwa wotchedwa "Standard", pafupifupi 24 AWG wandiweyani (ili ndi gawo lofanana ndi pafupifupi 0,204 mm2) akhoza kutumiza chizindikiro pamtunda wosapitirira mamita 10 potsimikiziridwa ndi pixelisi 720 × 1080 ndi mlingo wotsitsimula wa 75 MHz. Zingwe zofananako, koma zimagwiritsa ntchito High Speed teknolojia (High Speed mayina angapezeke) ndi makulidwe a 28 AWG (0.08 mm kudutsa2) amatha kale kutumiza chizindikiro monga pixel 1080 × 2160 ndi maulendo 340 MHz.
Samalani pafupipafupi zowonetsera masewero pa chingwe (izo zikuwonetsedwa muzinthu zamakono kapena zolembedwa pa phukusi). Kuti muwone bwino mavidiyo ndi masewera, diso la munthu limafunikira pafupifupi 60-70 MHz. Choncho, kuthamangitsa chiwerengero ndi khalidwe la chiwonetserochi ndilofunika pa nthawi ngati:
- Kuwunika kwanu ndi makhadi a kanema akuthandizani kukonza 4K ndipo mukufuna kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zawo 100%;
- Ngati mwakhala mukukonzekera mavidiyo ndi / kapena kutembenuza kwa 3D.
Kuthamanga kwachangu mofulumira ndiyomwe kumadalira kutalika, choncho ndi bwino kugula chingwe ndifupikitsa. Ngati pazifukwa zina mukusowa chitsanzo chochuluka, ndi bwino kumvetsera zomwe mungasankhe ndi zotsatirazi:
- CAT - imakulolani kuti mutumize chizindikiro pamtunda wa mamita 90 popanda kusokonezeka mu khalidwe ndi kawirikawiri. Pali zitsanzo zina zomwe zinalembedwa muzomwe maulendo opita kutalika kwa ma signal ndi mamita 90. Ngati mwakumana ndi chitsanzo chomwecho paliponse, ndi bwino kukana kugula, chifukwa khalidwe la chizindikiro lidzasokonekera. Kulemba kumeneku kuli ndi malemba 5 ndi 6, omwe angakhalebe ndi ndondomeko iliyonse ya kalata, izi sizikukhudzanso makhalidwe;
- Chingwe chopangidwa ndi coaxial teknoloje ndi kapangidwe kake ndi woyendetsa kunja, omwe amalekanitsidwa ndi kutsekemera. Otsogolera amapangidwa ndi mkuwa wangwiro. Kutalika kwa kutalika kwa chingwechi kumatha kufika mamita 100, popanda kutayika muyeso ndi kuwonetseratu mavidiyo;
- Fiber optic chingwe ndi njira yabwino kwambiri komanso yabwino kwambiri kwa iwo omwe amafunika kutumiza mavidiyo ndi mauthenga pa maulendo ataliatali popanda kutaya khalidwe. Kupeza m'masitolo kungakhale kovuta, chifukwa sikofunika kwambiri chifukwa cha zinazake. Ikhoza kutumiza chizindikiro kwa mtunda wa mamita oposa 100.
Mabaibulo a HDMI
Chifukwa cha kuyesetsa kwa mgwirizano wa makampani asanu akuluakulu a IT, HDMI 1.0 inatulutsidwa mu 2002. Masiku ano, pafupifupi kusintha kwina kulikonse ndi kukwezedwa kwa chojambulira ichi chikugwirizana ndi kampani ya America ya Silicon Image. Mu 2013, mawonekedwe amasiku ano amachokera - 2.0, omwe sagwirizane ndi matembenuzidwe ena, kotero ndi bwino kugula chingwe cha HDMI chazomweyi ngati mutatsimikiza kuti chinyama pamakompyuta / TV / makanema / zipangizo zina zili ndi ndondomeko iyi.
Chida chogulitsidwa ndi 1.4, chomwe chinatulutsidwa mu 2009, monga chikugwirizana ndi ma 1.3 ndi 1.3b, omwe anamasulidwa mu 2006 ndi 2007 ndipo ndi omwe amapezeka. Version 1.4 ili ndi kusintha kwina - 1.4a, 1.4b, yomwe ikugwirizana ndi 1.4 popanda kusintha, 1.3, 1.3b mavesi.
Mitundu ya mawindo a cable 1.4
Popeza iyi ndiyo njira yogulitsidwa yogulitsidwa, yang'anani mwatsatanetsatane. Pafupifupi pali mitundu isanu: Standard, High Speed, Standard ndi Ethernet, High Speed ndi Ethernet ndi Standard Automotive. Taganizirani izi mwachindunji.
Standard - yoyenera kugwirizanitsa zosakaniza zosagwiritsidwa ntchito kunyumba. Imathandizira ndondomeko ya 720p. Lili ndi zizindikiro zotsatirazi:
- 5 Gbit / s - malo otalikirana kwambiri;
- Mitsuko 24 - kuya kwakukulu;
- 165 MP - maulendo apamwamba omwe amavomereza nthawi zambiri.
Standard ndi Ethernet - ali ndi zizindikiro zofanana ndi analog yeniyeni, kusiyana kokha ndiko kuti pali chithandizo cha intaneti zomwe zingatumize deta pa liwiro losadutsa 100 Mbps mu njira ziwiri.
Kuthamanga Kwambiri kapena Kuthamanga Kwakukulu. Lili ndi chithandizo cha teknoloji Deep Color, 3D ndi ARC. Wotsirizira ayenera kuganiziridwa mwatsatanetsatane. Audio Return Channel - imalola, pamodzi ndi kanema kuti ipereke ndikumveka mokwanira. Poyamba, kuti mukwaniritse khalidwe lapamwamba lakumveka, mwachitsanzo, pa TV yogwirizanitsidwa ndi laputopu, kunali kofunikira kugwiritsa ntchito mutu wina wothandizira. Chigamulo chachikulu cha ntchito ndi 4096 × 2160 (4K). Zotsatira izi zikupezeka:
- 5 Gbit / s - malo otalikirana kwambiri;
- Mitsuko 24 - kuya kwakukulu;
- 165 MP - maulendo apamwamba omwe amavomereza nthawi zambiri.
Paliwindo lapamwamba kwambiri lothandizira pa intaneti. Mtengo wa kusintha kwa data wa intaneti ndi 100 Mbps.
Magalimoto Amtundu - amagwiritsidwa ntchito mu magalimoto ndipo akhoza kugwirizanitsidwa ndi mtundu wa HDMI. Mafotokozedwe a zosiyanazi ndi ofanana ndi malemba omwewo. Chinthu chokha chokha ndichidziwitso chowonjezeka cha chitetezo ndi dongosolo la ARC, lomwe siliri mu waya wamba.
Malingaliro onse omwe amasankhidwa
Ntchito yamagetsi imakhudzidwa osati kokha ndi maonekedwe ake, zinthu zopangidwa, komanso khalidwe labwino, zomwe sizinalembedwe paliponse ndipo n'zovuta kudziwa poyamba. Gwiritsani ntchito malangizo awa kuti musunge pang'ono ndikusankha bwino. List of recommendations:
- Pali malingaliro omwe anthu ambiri amaganiza kuti zingwe zomwe zili ndi golidi-zowonjezera zimakhala ndi chizindikiro chabwino. Izi siziri choncho. Gilding imagwiritsidwa ntchito pofuna kuteteza oyanjana kuchokera ku chinyezi ndi mawotchi. Choncho, ndibwino kusankha otsogolera opangidwa ndi nickel-plated, chrome-plated kapena titanate coating, popeza amapereka chitetezo chabwino ndi otchipa (kupatula titani yophimba). Ngati mumagwiritsa ntchito chingwe pakhomo, sikungakhale bwino kugula chingwe ndi chitetezo china cha ojambula;
- Amene akufunika kutumiza mbendera pamtunda wa mamita 10 akulangizidwa kuti asamalire kukhalapo kwa wobwereza mkati mwake kuti apereke chizindikiro chokulitsa, kapena kugula chodziwitsira chapadera. Samalani ku gawoli (kuyesedwa mu AWG) - yaing'ono mtengo wake, ndibwino kuti chizindikirocho chifalitsidwe pamtunda wautali;
- Yesetsani kugula zingwe ndi kutchinga kapena chitetezo chapadera ngati mawonekedwe ozungulira. Zapangidwa kuti zithandizire kupambana kwabwino (kuteteza kusokonezeka) ngakhale pa zingwe zoonda kwambiri.
Kuti mupange chisankho choyenera, muyenera kuganizira zonse za chingwe ndi sewero la HDMI lopangidwa. Ngati chingwe ndi doko sizikugwirizana, muyenera kugula adapita yapadera kapena m'malo mwachitsulo.
