Kodi ndikofunikira kupanga foni yatsopano ya USB

Kawirikawiri, mayesero amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuyesa ubwino wa chidziwitso. Amagwiritsidwanso ntchito poyesa maganizo ndi mitundu ina. Pa PC, ntchito zosiyanasiyana zapadera zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kulemba mayesero. Koma ngakhale pulogalamu yamba ya Microsoft Excel, yomwe imapezeka pa makompyuta a pafupifupi onse ogwiritsa ntchito, ikhoza kuthana ndi ntchitoyi. Pogwiritsira ntchito zipangizo za pulojekitiyi, mukhoza kulemba mayesero, omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pokhapokha ngati atagwiritsa ntchito mapulogalamu apadera. Tiyeni tiwone momwe tingakwaniritsire ntchitoyi mothandizidwa ndi Excel.

Kukhazikitsidwa kwa kuyesedwa

Mayesero alionse akuphatikizapo kusankha imodzi mwa mayankho angapo ku funsolo. Monga lamulo, pali angapo a iwo. Ndikofunika kuti pambuyo pomaliza mayesero, wogwiritsa ntchitoyo adziwonapo yekha, kaya adalimbana ndi mayesero kapena ayi. Mungathe kukwaniritsa ntchitoyi mu Excel m'njira zingapo. Tiyeni tiwone njira yothetsera izi.

Njira 1: malo olowera

Choyamba, tiyeni tiwone njira yosavuta. Zimatanthauzira mndandanda wa mafunso omwe mayankho akufotokozedwa. Wogwiritsa ntchitoyo ayenera kuwonetsa m'munda wapadera kusiyana kwa yankho limene akuwona kuti ndi lolondola.

1. Ife tikulemba funsolo palokha. Tiyeni tigwiritse ntchito mau a masamu pamtundu uwu wa kuphweka, ndipo tipeze mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya yankho lawo monga mayankho.



2. Timasankha selo losiyana kuti wogwiritsa ntchito angalowe mmenemo nambala ya yankho limene akuganiza kuti ndi lolondola. Kuti muwoneke, lembani ndi chikasu.



3. Tsopano pita ku pepala lachiwiri la chikalata. Zidzakhalapo pa mayankho olondola omwe pulogalamuyi idzaonetsetsa deta ndi wogwiritsa ntchito. Mu selo limodzi, lembani mawu "Funso 1", ndipo potsatira tikuika ntchitoyo NGATIzomwe, makamaka, zidzawongolera kulondola kwa zochita za ogwiritsira ntchito. Kuti muyitane ntchitoyi, sankhani selo lolunjika ndipo dinani pazithunzi "Ikani ntchito"adayikidwa pafupi ndi bar.



4. Windo loyambira likuyamba. Oyang'anira ntchito. Pitani ku gawo "Logic" ndipo fufuzani dzina pamenepo "NGATI". Kusaka sikuyenera kukhala motalika chifukwa dzina ili likuyikidwa patsogolo pa mndandanda wa ogwira ntchito olondola. Pambuyo pake sankhani ntchitoyi ndipo dinani batani. "Chabwino".



5. Imayambitsa zenera zotsutsana ndiwindo NGATI. Wogwiritsidwa ntchitoyo ali ndi magawo atatu omwe akugwirizana ndi chiwerengero cha zifukwa zake. Chidule cha ntchitoyi chimatenga mawonekedwe awa:

   = IF (Expression_Log; Value_If_es_After; Value_Ins_Leg)

   Kumunda "Mawu a Boolean" akufunika kulowetsamo makonzedwe a selo omwe wogwiritsa ntchitoyo alowetsa yankho. Kuwonjezera pamenepo, mu munda womwewo muyenera kufotokozera ndondomeko yoyenera. Kuti mulowetse makonzedwe a selo lolunjika, ikani malonda mmunda. Kenaka, tibwerera Mapepala 1 ndipo lembani mfundo yomwe tinkafuna kulemba nambala yosiyana. Zogwirizanitsa zake zimasonyezedwa nthawi yomweyo m'munda wa zenera. Ndiponso, kuti tisonyeze yankho lolondola, mu munda womwewo, pambuyo pa adiresi ya selo, lowetsani mawuwo popanda ndemanga "=3". Tsopano, ngati wogwiritsa ntchito amaika chiwerengero mu chiganizo chake "3", yankho lake lidzaonedwa kuti liri lolondola, komanso muzochitika zonse - zosalondola.

   Kumunda "Kufunika ngati zoona" ikani nambalayi "1"ndi kumunda "Kufunika ngati zabodza" ikani nambalayi "0". Tsopano, ngati wogwiritsa ntchito asankha njira yolondola, adzalandira 1 mphoto, ndipo ngati cholakwika 0 mfundo Kuti muzisunga deta yolumikizidwa, dinani pa batani "Chabwino" pansi pazenera zotsutsana.



6. Mofananamo, timapanga ntchito zina ziwiri (kapena zowonjezera zomwe timafunikira) pa pepala lowonetsedwa kwa wosuta.



7. On Mapepala 2 kugwiritsa ntchito ntchitoyi NGATI kutanthauzira zosankha zoyenera, monga momwe tawonera m'nkhani yapitayi.



8. Tsopano ife tikukonza zolemba. Ikhoza kuchitidwa ndi mophweka ndalama zokha. Kuti muchite izi, sankhani zinthu zonse zomwe zili ndi fomu NGATI ndipo dinani pazithunzi za avtosummy, zomwe ziri pa riboni mu tabu "Kunyumba" mu block Kusintha.



9. Monga momwe mukuonera, ndalamazo ndizobe zero, popeza sitinayankhe chinthu chimodzi choyesera. Mfundo zazikulu kwambiri zomwe wogwiritsa ntchito angapeze pazomwe zikuchitikazi - 3ngati ayankha mafunso onse molondola.



10. Ngati mukufuna, mukhoza kutero kuti chiwerengero cha mfundo zipezeke pamndandanda wa osuta. Izi zikutanthauza kuti wogwiritsa ntchitoyo adzawona momwe anathandizira. Kuti muchite izi, sankhani selo losiyana Mapepala 1chimene timachitcha "Zotsatira" (kapena dzina lina labwino). Kuti musagwirizane kwa nthawi yaitali, ingoikani mawu mu izo "= Mapepala2!"ndiye lowetsani adiresi ya chinthucho Mapepala 2Momwe muli chiwerengero cha mfundo.



11. Tiyeni tiwone momwe mayeso athu amagwirira ntchito, mwadala kupanga cholakwika chimodzi. Monga mukuonera, zotsatira za mayesowa 2 mfundo, zomwe zikugwirizana ndi cholakwika chimodzi. Mayesowa amagwira bwino.

Phunziro: Ngati akugwira ntchito mu Excel

Njira 2: Mndandanda wotsika

Mukhozanso kuyambitsa mayeso ku Excel pogwiritsa ntchito mndandanda wotsika. Tiyeni tiwone momwe tingachitire izi mchitidwe.

1. Pangani tebulo. Mu mbali ya kumanzereko padzakhala ntchito, mu gawo lapakati padzakhala mayankho omwe wosankhidwa ayenera kusankha kuchokera mndandanda wotsika woperekedwa ndi wogwirizira. Mbali yoyenera iwonetsa zotsatira, zomwe zimapangidwa mwachindunji malinga ndi kulondola kwa mayankhidwe osankhidwa ndi wogwiritsa ntchito. Choncho, poyambira, tidzakhazikitsa chithunzi cha tebulo ndikuyambitsa mafunsowa. Ikani ntchito zomwezo zomwe zinagwiritsidwa ntchito mu njira yapitayi.



2. Tsopano tiyenera kupanga mndandanda ndi mayankho omwe alipo. Kuti muchite izi, sankhani chinthu choyamba m'ndandanda "Yankho". Zitatero pitani ku tab "Deta". Kenako, dinani pazithunzi. "Verification Data"yomwe ili mu chida chogwiritsa ntchito "Kugwira ntchito ndi deta".



3. Mukamaliza masitepewa, zowoneka zowonekera zenera zatsegulidwa. Pitani ku tabu "Zosankha"ngati izo zinayambika mu tabu ina iliyonse. Kenako kumunda Mtundu wa Deta " kuchokera m'ndandanda wotsika pansi, sankhani mtengo "Lembani". Kumunda "Gwero" pambuyo pa semicolon, muyenera kulemba zomwe mungasankhe kuti zisankhidwe pazomwe timasankha. Kenaka dinani pa batani. "Chabwino" pansi pa zenera yogwira ntchito.



4. Pambuyo pazochitikazi, chithunzi chokhala ngati katatu kamodzi ndi ngodya yomwe ikulozera pansi idzawonekera kumanja kwa selo ndi zilembo zolembedwera. Kusindikiza pazomweku kutsegula mndandanda ndi zosankha zomwe tadalowa kale, zomwe ziyenera kusankhidwa.



5. Mofananamo, timapanga mndandanda wa maselo ena m'ndandanda. "Yankho".



6. Tsopano tifunika kuchita zimenezi kuti maselo ofanana a m'ndandandawo awonongeke "Zotsatira" mfundo yakuti yankho la ntchitoyi linali lolondola kapena ayi. Monga mwa njira yapitayi, izi zikhoza kuchitika pogwiritsira ntchito woyendetsa NGATI. Sankhani selo yoyamba ya selo. "Zotsatira" ndi kuyitana Mlaliki Wachipangizo mwa kuwonekera pa chithunzi "Ikani ntchito".



7. Zotsatira kudutsa Mlaliki Wachipangizo pogwiritsa ntchito njira yomweyi yomwe inafotokozedwa mu njira yapitayi, pitani ku zenera zotsutsana NGATI. Fenje yomweyo lomwe tinaliona m'nkhani yapitayo liyamba patsogolo pathu. Kumunda "Mawu a Boolean" tchulani adiresi ya selo yomwe timasankha yankho. Kenaka, ikani chizindikiro "=" ndipo lembani yankho lolondola. Momwe timachitira izi zidzakhala nambala. 113. Kumunda "Kufunika ngati zoona" timayika chiwerengero cha mfundo zomwe tikufuna kuti wogwiritsa ntchitoyo apereke chisankho choyenera. Lolani izi, monga momwe zinalili kale, zikhale nambala "1". Kumunda "Kufunika ngati zabodza" ikani chiwerengero cha mfundo. Ngati pali chisankho cholakwika, lolani kukhala zero. Zotsatirazi zitatha, dinani pa batani. "Chabwino".



8. Mofananamo, timagwira ntchitoyi NGATI kwa maselo otsalira a m'mbali "Zotsatira". Mwachibadwa, nthawi iliyonse kumunda "Mawu a Boolean" Padzakhala lingaliro lake lomwe la chisankho cholondola, chogwirizana ndi funsoli mu mzerewu.
9. Pambuyo pake timapanga mzere womaliza, momwe zigawo zonse zidzawonjezeredwa. Sankhani maselo onse m'ndandanda. "Zotsatira" ndipo dinani chizindikiro cha kubwezeredwa kale kale kwa ife mu tabu "Kunyumba".



10. Pambuyo pake, pogwiritsa ntchito mndandanda wotsika m'maselo am'mbali "Yankho" Tikuyesera kufotokoza zosankha zabwino pa ntchito zomwe tapatsidwa. Monga momwe zinalili kale, ife timalakwitsa molakwika pamalo amodzi. Monga tikuonera, tsopano sitikuwona zotsatira zokhazokha, komanso funso linalake, yankho lomwe liri ndi vuto.

Njira 3: Gwiritsani Ntchito Kulamulira

Kuyesera kungathenso kuchitidwa pogwiritsira ntchito makina osintha kuti musankhe zothetsera.

1. Kuti mutha kugwiritsa ntchito mitundu yolamulira, choyamba, muyenera kutsegula tabu "Wotsambitsa". Mwachindunji ndilolemale. Choncho, ngati simunakonzedwenso mu Excel yanu, ndiye kuti mukuyenera kuchitapo kanthu. Choyamba, pita ku tabu "Foni". Apo tikupita ku gawolo "Zosankha".



2. Fenje yazitali yatsegulidwa. Iyenera kusunthira ku gawoli Kukonzekera kwa Ribbon. Kenaka, kumanja kwawindo, fufuzani bokosi pafupi ndi malo "Wotsambitsa". Kuti zotsatira zisinthe, dinani pa batani "Chabwino" pansi pazenera. Zitatha izi, tabu "Wotsambitsa" adzawonekera pa tepi.



3. Choyamba, timalowa ntchito. Mukamagwiritsa ntchito njirayi, aliyense wa iwo adzaikidwa pa pepala losiyana.



4. Pambuyo pake, pitani ku tabu yatsopanoyo "Wotsambitsa". Dinani pazithunzi Sakanizaniyomwe ili mu chida chogwiritsa ntchito "Controls". Mu gulu la zithunzi Mawonekedwe a Fomu sankhani chinthu chotchedwa "Sinthani". Ili ndi mawonekedwe a batani lozungulira.



5. Timasankha pamalo a chilemba kumene tikufuna kuyika mayankho. Ndiko komwe kufunikira komwe tikufunikira kukuwonekera.



6. Kenaka ife timalowa njira imodzi m'malo mwa botani loyenera.



7. Pambuyo pake, sankhani chinthucho ndipo dinani ndi batani lamanja la mouse. Kuchokera pazomwe mungapeze, sankhani chinthucho "Kopani".



8. Sankhani maselo pansipa. Ndiye tikulumikiza molondola pa kusankha. M'ndandanda imene ikuwonekera, sankhani malo Sakanizani.



9. Kenaka timayika maulendo awiri, chifukwa tinaganiza kuti padzakhala njira zinayi zomwe zingatheke, ngakhale kuti chiwerengero chawo chikhoza kusiyana.



10. Kenaka tchulanso chinthu chilichonse kuti asagwirizanane. Koma musaiwale kuti imodzi mwa zosankhazo ziyenera kukhala zoona.



11. Kenaka, tikujambula chinthu choti tipite ku ntchito yotsatira, ndipo kwa ife izi zikutanthauza kusintha kwa tsamba lotsatira. Apanso, dinani pazithunzi Sakanizaniili pa tabu "Wotsambitsa". Nthawi ino timapitiliza kusankha zinthu zomwe zili m'gululi. "ActiveX Elements". Kusankha chinthu "Bulu"yomwe ili ndi mawonekedwe a rectangle.



12. Dinani kumalo a chikalata, chomwe chiri pansi pa deta yomwe inaloledwa kale. Pambuyo pake, imasonyeza chinthu chomwe tikusowa.



13. Tsopano tikufunikira kusintha zina za batani. Dinani pa ilo ndi botani lamanja la mouse ndipo mu menyu yotsegulidwa sankhani malo "Zolemba".



14. Zowona zazenera zimatsegula. Kumunda "Dzina" sintha dzina kuti likhale lofunika kwambiri pa chinthu ichi, muchitsanzo chathu lidzakhala dzina "Next_ Funso". Onani kuti palibe malo omwe amaloledwa mumunda uno. Kumunda "Mawu" lowetsani mtengo "Funso lotsatira". Panopa pali malo ololedwa, ndipo dzina ili liwonetsedwa pa batani lathu. Kumunda "BackColor" sankhani mtundu umene chinthucho chidzakhala nacho. Pambuyo pake, mukhoza kutseka mawindo a katunduyo podalira chithunzi chomwe chili pafupi kumbali yake ya kumanja.



15. Tsopano tikulumikiza molondola pa dzina la pepala lamakono. Mu menyu yomwe imatsegula, sankhani chinthucho Sinthaninso.



16. Pambuyo pake, dzina la pepala likuyamba kugwira ntchito, ndipo timalowa mmenemo dzina latsopano. "Funso 1".



17. Kachiwiri, dinani ndibokosi lakumanja la mouse, koma tsopano mu menyu tiyimitsa kusankha pa chinthucho "Sungani kapena musani ...".



18. Chiwonetsero chawonekedwe chowonekera chimayambika. Timakaniza bokosi pafupi ndi chinthucho "Pangani" ndipo dinani pa batani "Chabwino".



19. Pambuyo pake kusintha dzina la pepalayo "Funso 2" mofanana ndi kale. Tsamba ili liri ndi zofanana zofanana ndi pepala lapitalo.



20. Timasintha chiwerengero cha ntchito, malemba, ndi mayankho pa pepala ili kwa omwe timawona kuti ndi oyenera.



21. Mofananamo, pangani ndi kusintha zomwe zili mu pepala. "Funso 3". Kokha mmenemo, popeza uwu ndi ntchito yotsiriza, m'malo mwa batani "Funso lotsatira" mukhoza kuika dzina "Kuyesedwa Kwathunthu". Momwe mungachitire izi tafotokozedwa kale.



22. Tsopano bwererani ku tabu "Funso 1". Tiyenera kumanga chosinthana ku selo yeniyeni. Kuti muchite izi, dinani ndondomeko iliyonse pazisintha. Mu menyu yomwe imatsegula, sankhani chinthucho "Pangani chinthu ...".



23. Kulamulira mawonekedwe mawindo kumasulidwa. Pitani ku tabu "Control". Kumunda "Link Link" timayika adilesi ya chinthu chopanda kanthu. Chiwerengero chidzawonetsedwa mmenemo molingana ndi kusintha komwe kudzagwira ntchito.



24. Timachita ndondomeko yofanana pamapepala ndi ntchito zina. Kuti mumve mosavuta, ndi zofunika kuti selo yolumikizidwa likhale pamalo omwewo, koma pamapepala osiyanasiyana. Zitatha izi, tibwereranso ku mndandanda. "Funso 1". Dinani kumene pa chinthucho "Funso lotsatira". Mu menyu, sankhani malo "Code Source".



25. Mkonzi wa lamulo amatsegula. Pakati pa magulu "Sub Sub" ndi "Kutsiriza" Tiyenera kulemba makalata osinthira ku tabu yotsatira. Pankhaniyi, ziwoneka ngati izi:

    Zowonjezera ("Funso 2")

    Pambuyo pake, yatsani zenera zowonetsera.



26. Kukonzekera komweko ndi bokosi lofanana kumachitika pa pepala "Funso 2". Ndi pomwepo timalowa lamulo ili:

    Masamba ("Funso 3")



27. Mu lamulo la mkonzi wa pepala la batani "Funso 3" pangani chotsatira chotsatira:

    Mapepala ("Zotsatira")



28. Pambuyo pake pangani pepala latsopano lotchedwa "Zotsatira". Idzasonyeza zotsatira za kupititsa mayesero. Pa zolinga izi, timapanga tebulo lazitsulo zinayi: "Funso nambala", "Yankho lolondola", "Yankho linalowa" ndi "Zotsatira". Lowani ndime yoyamba mu dongosolo la ntchito "1", "2" ndi "3". Mu gawo lachiwiri kutsogolo kwa ntchito iliyonse, lowetsani nambala yosinthira nambala yofanana ndi yankho lolondola.



29. Mu selo yoyamba m'munda "Yankho linalowa" ikani chizindikiro "=" ndipo tchulani chiyanjano cha selo chimene timachigwirizanitsa ndi kusintha pa pepala "Funso 1". Timachita chimodzimodzi ndi maselo omwe ali m'munsimu, koma kwa iwo timasonyeza mavesi omwe ali ofanana pamasamba "Funso 2" ndi "Funso 3".



30. Pambuyo pake sankhani gawo loyambirira la ndimeyo. "Zotsatira" ndi kuitanitsa zitsulo zotsatila ntchito NGATI mwa njira yomweyo yomwe tinayankhulira pamwambapa. Kumunda "Mawu a Boolean" tchulani adilesi ya selo "Yankho linalowa" mzere wofanana. Kenaka ikani chizindikiro "=" ndipo zitatha izi timafotokozera zogwirizanitsa za mfundo zomwe zili m'ndandanda "Yankho lolondola" mzere womwewo. M'minda "Kufunika ngati zoona" ndi "Kufunika ngati zabodza" timalowa manambala "1" ndi "0" motero. Pambuyo pake, dinani pa batani "Chabwino".



31. Kuti mutengere chithunzi ichi m'munsimu pansi, ikani chithunzithunzi m'makona a kumunsi kwa gawo lomwe ntchitoyo ili. Pa nthawi yomweyi, chizindikiro chodzaza chimapezeka mu mawonekedwe a mtanda. Dinani ku batani lamanzere lachitsulo ndi kukokera chizindikiro mpaka kumapeto kwa tebulo.



32. Pambuyo pake, kufotokozera chiwerengero chonse, timagwiritsa ntchito ndalamazo, monga momwe zakhalira kale kangapo.

Mu chilengedwe ichi chikhoza kuonedwa kukhala changwiro. Iye ali wokonzeka kwathunthu pa ndimeyi.

Tinayang'ana pa njira zosiyanasiyana zopangira mayeso pogwiritsa ntchito zipangizo za Excel. Inde, iyi si mndandanda wathunthu wa njira zonse zomwe zingatheke popanga mayesero mu ntchitoyi. Mwa kuphatikiza zipangizo zosiyanasiyana ndi zinthu, mukhoza kupanga mayesero omwe ali osiyana mosiyana ndi machitidwe. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, tiyenera kukumbukira kuti nthawi zonse, popanga mayesero, ntchito yogwira ntchito imagwiritsidwa ntchito. NGATI.