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Kawirikawiri anthu amandifunsa zomwe akutanthauza. zizindikiro zomveka BIOS pamene mutsegula PC. M'nkhani ino tikambirana mwatsatanetsatane mawu a BIOS malingana ndi wopanga, zolakwika kwambiri ndi njira zothetsera izo. Chinthu chosiyana, ndikufotokozera njira 4 zosavuta zodziwira wopanga BIOS, ndikukumbutsanso mfundo zoyenera zogwirira ntchito ndi hardware.
Tiyeni tiyambe!
Zamkatimu
- 1. Kodi nyimbo za BIOS ndi ziti?
- 2. Mmene mungapezere BIOS wopanga
- 2.1. Njira 1
- 2.2. Njira 2
- 2.3. Njira 3
- 2.4. Njira 4
- 3. Kutsegula zizindikiro za BIOS
- 3.1. AMI BIOS - zizindikiro zomveka
- 3.2. BIOS Yogwiritsira Ntchito - zizindikiro
- 3.3. Phoenix BIOS
- 4. BIOS yotchuka kwambiri ndi tanthauzo lake
- 5. Zokuthandizani Zowona Zokambirana
1. Kodi nyimbo za BIOS ndi ziti?
Nthawi iliyonse mukakatsegula, mumamva kulira kwa kompyuta. Nthawi zambiri bulu limodzi lalifupi, zomwe zimagawidwa kuchokera ku mphamvu zamagetsi. Izi zikutanthauza kuti POST pulogalamu yoyezetsa chidziwitso mwadzidzidzi inakwanitsa kukwaniritsa mayeserowo ndipo sanazindikire zovuta zina. Zitatha izi zimayambitsa kukopera kwa machitidwe opangira.
Ngati kompyuta yanu ilibe wokamba nkhani, simungamve kulira kulikonse. Izi sizisonyeza kuti ndizolakwika, koma wopanga chipangizo chanu adasunga kupulumutsa.
Kawirikawiri, ndasamala izi pa laptops ndi mu DNS mu-mzere (tsopano amasula katundu wawo pansi pa chizindikiro cha DEXP). "N'chiyani chimayambitsa kupanda mphamvu?" - mumapempha. Zikuwoneka ngati zodabwitsa, ndipo kompyuta nthawi zambiri imagwira ntchito popanda. Koma ngati kanema kanema sungayambe kuyambitsidwa, sikutheka kuzindikira ndi kuthetsa vutoli.
Mukadziŵa mavuto, makompyuta amachotsa chizindikiro cholondola chotsatira - ndondomeko yeniyeni ya nthawi yayitali kapena yochepa. Mothandizidwa ndi malangizo a bokosilo, mukhoza kulongosola, koma ndani pakati pathu amasungira malangizo amenewa? Choncho, m'nkhaniyi ndakukonzerani matebulo kuti muzindikire zizindikiro zomveka za BIOS zomwe zingathandize kuzindikira vutoli ndi kulikonza.
M'mabotchi apamanja amakono omwe amamanga wokamba nkhani
Chenjerani! Zonse zogwiritsidwa ntchito ndi hardware kasinthidwe ka kompyuta ziyenera kuchitidwa ngati sizichotsedwa kwathunthu ku maunyolo. Musanayambe kutsegula mulanduyo, onetsetsani kuti mutsegule pulagi yowonjezera kuchokera pachithunzicho.
2. Mmene mungapezere BIOS wopanga
Musanayambe kufufuza mauthenga a makompyuta, muyenera kupeza chojambula cha BIOS, popeza zizindikiro zomveka zimasiyana kwambiri ndizo.
2.1. Njira 1
Mukhoza "kuzindikira" m'njira zosiyanasiyana, zosavuta ndizo yang'anani pawindo pa nthawi yothandizira. Pamwamba nthawi zambiri amasonyeza opanga ndi ma BIOS. Kuti tigwire mphindi ino, panikizani fungulo la pause pa kambokosi. Ngati mmalo mwazidziwitso zoyenera mukuwona kokha wosindikiza wa wopanga makina, dinani tabu.
Ojambula awiri otchuka kwambiri a BIOS ndi AWARD ndi AMI.
2.2. Njira 2
Lowani BIOS. Momwe mungachitire izi, ndalemba mwatsatanetsatane apa. Fufuzani zigawo ndikupeza chinthu - Zomwe Zapangidwe. Pakuyenera kuwonetsedwa za BIOS. Ndipo pansi (kapena pamwamba) pa chinsalu chidzatchulidwa wopanga - American Megatrends Inc. (AMI), CHIKHALA, DELL, ndi zina zotero.
2.3. Njira 3
Imodzi mwa njira zofulumira kwambiri zodziwira wopanga BIOS ndiyo kugwiritsa ntchito mawindo a Windows + R ndi mu Line yomwe ikuwonekera, lowetsani lamulo la MSINFO32. Mwanjira imeneyi idzatha Zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito, zomwe mungapeze zambiri zokhudza hardware kasinthidwe ka kompyuta.
Kuthamanga Ntchito Yowonjezera Zowonjezera
Mutha kukhazikitsanso pa menyu: Yambani -> Mapulogalamu Onse -> Standard -> Zida Zamakono -> Information System
Mukhoza kupeza wopanga BIOS kudzera mu "Information System"
2.4. Njira 4
Gwiritsani ntchito mapulogalamu apakati, adalongosola mwatsatanetsatane m'nkhani ino. Ambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito CPU-Z, ndi mfulu komanso yophweka (mungathe kuiwombola pa webusaitiyi). Mutangoyamba pulogalamu, pitani ku tab "Board" ndipo mu gawo la BIOS mudzawona zonse zokhudza wopanga:
Momwe mungapezere wopanga BIOS pogwiritsa ntchito CPU-Z
3. Kutsegula zizindikiro za BIOS
Titazindikira mtundu wa BIOS, mukhoza kuyamba kufotokoza zizindikiro zomvera, malingana ndi wopanga. Ganizirani zomwe zili m'matawuni.
3.1. AMI BIOS - zizindikiro zomveka
AMI BIOS (American Megatrends Inc.) kuyambira 2002 wotchuka kwambiri wotchuka m'dziko. M'masinthidwe onse, kukwanitsa kukwanitsa kudziyesa ndi bulu limodzi lalifupipambuyo pake maofesi opangira opaleshoni amaikidwa. Ma nyimbo ena a AMI BIOS amalembedwa patebulo:
| Mtundu wa chizindikiro | Kusintha |
| 2fupi | Mphuphu yamagulu RAM. |
| 3fupi | Cholakwika choyamba 64 KB cha RAM. |
| 4 mwachidule | Kusintha kwa nthawi nthawi. |
| 5fupi | Kulephera kwa CPU. |
| 6fupi | Cholakwika cha controllerboard. |
| 7fupi | Kulephera kwa bolodilopu. |
| 8 yochepa | Kulephera kukumbukira makhadi a Video. |
| 9fupi | Cholakwika cha BIOS checksum. |
| 10fupi | Simungathe kulemba ku CMOS. |
| 11fupi | Vuto la RAM. |
| 1 dl + 1 kor | Mphamvu yamakono yopompyuta. |
| 1 dl + 2 kor | Kulakwitsa kwa khadi la Video, kukanika kwa RAM. |
| 1 dl + 3 kor | Kulakwitsa kwa khadi la Video, kukanika kwa RAM. |
| 1 dl + 4 kor | Palibe khadi la kanema. |
| 1 dl + 8 cor | Kuwunika sikugwirizanitsidwe, kapena pali vuto ndi khadi lavideo. |
| 3 kutalika | Vuto la RAM, mayeso amatsimikizika ndi vuto. |
| 5 cor + 1 dl | Palibe RAM. |
| Kupitirira | Mavuto a magetsi kapena kutentha kwa PC. |
Komabe, izo zimakhala zomveka, koma nthawi zambiri ndimalangiza abwenzi ndi makasitomala anga tseka ndi kutembenuza kompyuta. Inde, iyi ndi mawu omwe amachokera kwa anyamata othandizira anu opatsirana, koma amathandiza! Komabe, ngati, pambuyo pake mutangoyambiranso, phokoso limamveka kuchokera kwa wokamba nkhani, mosiyana ndi kawirikawiri beep yochepa, ndiye muyenera kusokoneza. Ndidzanena za izi kumapeto kwa nkhaniyi.
3.2. BIOS Yogwiritsira Ntchito - zizindikiro
Pogwirizana ndi AMI, mphoto ndi imodzi mwa opangidwa ndi BIOS kwambiri. Mabotolo amodzi ambiri tsopano ali ndi 6.0PG Phoenix Award BIOS yoikidwa. Mawonekedwewa ndi odziwa bwino, mukhoza kutchula kuti ndi akale, chifukwa sanasinthe kwa zaka zoposa khumi. Mwachindunji ndi ndi gulu la zithunzi zomwe ndayankhula za BIOS AWARD apa -
Monga AMI, bulu limodzi lalifupi Zizindikiro za BIOS zosavuta zodzipangitsa kudziyesera bwino komanso kukhazikitsidwa kwa kayendedwe ka ntchito. Kodi zizindikiro zina zimatanthauza chiyani? Onani tebulo:
| Mtundu wa chizindikiro | Kusintha |
| Kubwereza kochepa | Mavuto ndi mphamvu. |
| 1 kubwereza nthawi yaitali | Matenda a RAM. |
| 1 yayitali + 1 yayifupi | RAM kusagwira ntchito. |
| 1 yayitali + 2 yayifupi | Kulakwitsa kwa khadi la Video. |
| 1 yayitali + 3 yayifupi | Nkhani za Keyboard. |
| 1 yayitali kwambiri 9 | Kulakwitsa kuwerenga deta kuchokera ku ROM. |
| 2fupi | Zolakwika zochepa |
| 3 kutalika | Cholakwika cha controllerboard |
| Phokoso lopitirira | Mphamvu zolakwika. |
3.3. Phoenix BIOS
PHOENIX ali ndi zizindikiro zosiyana kwambiri, sizinalembedwe patebulo mofanana ndi AMI kapena WARD. M'tawuniyi amalembedwa ngati phokoso lophatikizapo. Mwachitsanzo, 1-1-2 ikumveka ngati "beep" imodzi, pause, "beep" ina, kachiwiri pause ndi awiri "beeps".
| Mtundu wa chizindikiro | Kusintha |
| 1-1-2 | Cholakwika cha CPU. |
| 1-1-3 | Simungathe kulemba ku CMOS. Mwinamwake takhala pansi betri mu bokosilo la bokosi. Kulephera kwa bolodilopu. |
| 1-1-4 | Choyipa BIOS ROM checksum. |
| 1-2-1 | Zosokonekera zosasintha zomwe zingasokoneze nthawi. |
| 1-2-2 | Cholakwika cha controller DMA. |
| 1-2-3 | Zolakwitsa kuwerenga kapena kulemba wolamulira wa DMA. |
| 1-3-1 | Kulakwitsa kwa kukumbukira. |
| 1-3-2 | Kuyeza kwa RAM sikuyambe. |
| 1-3-3 | Wotsogolera RAM wosayenerera. |
| 1-3-4 | Wotsogolera RAM wosayenerera. |
| 1-4-1 | Cholakwika pa bar adilesi ya RAM. |
| 1-4-2 | Mphuphu yamagulu RAM. |
| 3-2-4 | Kuyikira kwapachibodi kunalephera. |
| 3-3-1 | Beteli yomwe ili pa bolobhodi yakhala pansi. |
| 3-3-4 | Kulephera kwa khadi la Video. |
| 3-4-1 | Kusokonekera kwa adapata kanema. |
| 4-2-1 | Kusintha kwa nthawi nthawi. |
| 4-2-2 | Cholakwika cha CMOS chokwanira. |
| 4-2-3 | Kulephera kugwira ntchito pa bolodi |
| 4-2-4 | Cholakwika cha CPU. |
| 4-3-1 | Cholakwika pa kuyesa kwa RAM. |
| 4-3-3 | Cholakwika cha nthawi |
| 4-3-4 | Cholakwika mu RTC. |
| 4-4-1 | Kulephera kugwira ntchito pamtunda. |
| 4-4-2 | Kulephera kwa doko lofanana. |
| 4-4-3 | Coprocessor mavuto. |
4. BIOS yotchuka kwambiri ndi tanthauzo lake
Ndikadapanga matebulo khumi ndi awiri kuti mukhale ndi zizindikiro zojambula, koma ndinaganiza kuti zingakhale zothandiza kwambiri kumvetsera zojambula zomveka za BIOS. Kotero, ndi otani omwe amagwiritsa ntchito nthawi zambiri:
- limodzi la zida ziwiri zochepa za BIOS - pafupifupi ndithu mawu awa samveka bwino, omwe ndi mavuto a khadi la kanema. Choyamba, muyenera kufufuza ngati kanema kanema imayikidwa mu bokosilo. O, mwa njira, mwayeretsa nthawi yayitali kompyuta yanu? Ndipotu, chimodzi mwa zifukwa zomwe zimayambitsa vutoli ndi fumbi laling'ono, lomwe linatsekedwa m'malo ozizira. Koma kubwerera ku mavuto omwe ali ndi khadi la kanema. Yesani kuchichotsa ndikuyeretsani ojambula ndi rasi yakufa. Sizingakhale zodabwitsa kuti zitsimikizidwe kuti palibe zowonongeka kapena zinthu zakunja kuzilumikiza. Komabe, vuto limapezeka? Ndiye vutoli ndi lovuta kwambiri, muyenera kuyambitsa kompyuta yanu ndi "vidyukha" yowonjezera (ngati ili pa bolodi la bokosi). Ngati izo zatayika, zikutanthauza kuti vuto la khadi la kanema lochotsedwa sizingatheke popanda kulisintha.
- chizindikiro chachikulu cha BIOS pamene akuwongolera - mwina vuto la kukumbukira.
- Zizindikiro zochepa za BIOS - vuto la RAM. Kodi tingachite chiyani? Chotsani ma modules a RAM ndikutsuka ojambula ndi eraser gum, pukutani ndi swab ya thonje yothira mowa, ndipo yesetsani kusinthanitsa ma modules. Mutha kukhazikitsanso BIOS. Ngati ma modules RAM akugwira ntchito, kompyuta idzayamba.
- Zizindikiro zochepa za BIOS - purosesa ndi yolakwika. Mvetsedwe osasangalatsa kwambiri, sichoncho? Ngati pulojekitiyi idaikidwa poyamba, yang'anirani kuyenderana kwake ndi bokosi lamanja. Ngati chirichonse chinkagwiritsidwa ntchito kale, ndipo tsopano makompyuta akudumpha ngati odulidwa, ndiye muyenera kufufuza ngati olembawo ali oyera ngakhale.
- 4 yaitali BIOS chizindikiro - otsika amafunsa kapena CPU fan fanima. Muyenera kuchiyeretsa kapena kusintha.
- Mauthenga 1 afupipafupi 2 a BIOS - zovuta zochitika ndi khadi lavideo kapena kusagwiritsidwa ntchito kwa RAM.
- Mauthenga 3 afupipafupi 3 a BIOS - mwina vuto ndi khadi lavideo, kusokonekera kwa RAM, kapena cholakwika cha keyboard.
- zizindikiro ziwiri za BIOS - onani wopanga kuti afotokoze zolakwikazo.
- zizindikiro zitatu za BIOS zazikulu - mavuto ndi RAM (yankho la vutoli lafotokozedwa pamwambapa), kapena mavuto ndi makiyi.
- Zizindikiro za BIOS zambiri zochepa - muyenera kuwerengera zingati zochepa.
- kompyuta siyambira ndipo palibe chizindikiro cha BIOS - mphamvu yamagetsi ndi yolakwika, pulosesa ili ndi vuto, kapena wokamba nkhani sakusowa (taonani pamwambapa).
5. Zokuthandizani Zowona Zokambirana
Kuchokera kwanga, ndikutha kunena kuti nthawi zambiri mavuto onse okhala ndi makompyuta amayamba chifukwa cha kusagwirizana pakati pa ma modules osiyanasiyana, mwachitsanzo, RAM kapena kanema. Ndipo, monga ndalemba pamwamba, nthawi zina, kukhazikitsa kachiwiri kumathandiza. Nthawi zina mungathe kuthetsa vutoli pobwezeretsa zochitika za BIOS kuti zisasokonezedwe fakitale, ziwonetseni, kapena zikhazikitseni zoikidwiratu.
Chenjerani! Ngati mukukayikira luso lanu, ndibwino kuika maganizo ndi kukonzanso kwa akatswiri. Sikoyenera kuti pakhale chiopsezo, ndipo ndiye kuti ndiye wolemba wa nkhaniyo zomwe alibe mlandu :)
- Kuthetsa vuto lomwe mukulifuna kukoka gawo Kuchokera chogwirizanitsa, chotsani fumbi ndi kulibwezeretsanso. Othandizira angathe kutsukidwa mosamala ndikupukutidwa ndi mowa. Kuyeretsa chojambulira kuchokera ku dothi, ndibwino kugwiritsa ntchito babu owuma.
- Musaiwale kugwiritsa ntchito kuyang'anitsitsa zithunzi. Ngati zinthu zina zili zosawonongeka, khalani ndi patina kapena streaks wakuda, chifukwa cha mavuto ndi boot kompyuta adzakhala muwonekera kwathunthu.
- Ndimakumbukiranso kuti njira iliyonse yogwiritsira ntchito dongosololi iyenera kuchitidwa kokha ndi mphamvu. Musaiwale kuchotsa magetsi. Kuti muchite izi, zidzakhala zokwanira kutenga makina a kompyuta ndi manja onse awiri.
- Musakhudze mpaka kumapeto kwa chip.
- Musagwiritse ntchito zitsulo ndi zida zowonongeka kuti azitsuka ma contact a modules kapena makhadi a kanema. Pachifukwa ichi, mungagwiritse ntchito phula lofewa.
- Modzichepetsa yang'anani zomwe mungakwanitse. Ngati kompyuta yanu ili pansi pa chitsimikizo, ndi bwino kugwiritsa ntchito mautumiki a malo operekera ntchito kusiyana ndi kukumba mu "ubongo" wa makina pawekha.
Ngati muli ndi mafunso - funsani mafunso omwe ali m'nkhaniyi, tidzamvetsa!
