Kupanga kalendala mu Microsoft Excel

Pogwiritsa ntchito matebulo ndi mtundu wina wa deta, nthawi zina zimayenera kugwiritsa ntchito kalendala. Kuwonjezera pamenepo, ena ogwiritsa ntchito akufuna kungozilenga, sindikizani ndikugwiritsire ntchito pakhomo. Pulogalamu ya Microsoft Office imakulowetsani kuyika kalendala mu tebulo kapena pepala m'njira zingapo. Tiyeni tione momwe izi zingathere.

Pangani kalendala zosiyanasiyana

Makalendala onse opangidwa mu Excel angagawidwe m'magulu akulu awiri: kuika nthawi inayake (mwachitsanzo, chaka) ndi chosatha, chomwe chidzasintha okha pa tsiku lomwe liripo. Choncho, njira za chilengedwe chawo ndizosiyana. Kuphatikizanso, mungagwiritse ntchito template yokonzedwa bwino.

Njira 1: Pangani kalendala kwa chaka

Choyamba, ganizirani momwe mungakhalire kalendala kwa chaka china.

1. Timapanga ndondomeko, momwe idzawonekere, pamene idzaikidwa, ndi malo otani (malo kapena zithunzi), dziwani kumene masiku a sabata (pambali kapena pamwamba) adzalembedwa ndi kuthetsa mavuto ena a bungwe.
2. Pofuna kupanga kalendala kwa mwezi umodzi, sankhani dera lomwe liri ndi maselo 6 m'litali ndi maselo 7 m'lifupi, ngati mwasankha kulemba masiku a sabata pamwamba. Ngati muwalemba iwo kumanzere, ndiye kuti mosiyana. Kukhala mu tab "Kunyumba", dinani paboni pa batani "Malire"ili m'kati mwa zipangizo "Mawu". Mundandanda womwe ukuwonekera, sankhani chinthucho "Malire Onse".



3. Gwirizanitsani m'lifupi ndi kutalika kwa maselo kuti atenge mawonekedwe apakati. Kuti muyike kutalika kwa ndondomeko yachindunji pa njira yachinsinsi Ctrl + A. Motero, pepala lonse likusonyezedwa. Ndiye timatchula menyu yachidule pogwiritsa ntchito batani lamanzere. Sankhani chinthu "Kutalika kwa mzere".

   

   Mawindo akutsegula momwe muyenera kukhazikitsa kutalika kwa mzere wautali. Ngati mukuchita izi kwa nthawi yoyamba ndipo simukudziwa kukula kwake, kenaka muike 18. Kenako panikizani batani "Chabwino".

   

   Tsopano mukufunika kuyika m'lifupi. Dinani pa gululo, lomwe limasonyeza malembawo mndandanda m'makalata a zilembo za Chilatini. Mu menyu imene ikuwonekera, sankhani chinthucho Kukula kwa Column.

   

   Pawindo lomwe limatsegula, yikani kukula kofunikako. Ngati simukudziwa kukula kwake, mukhoza kuyika nambala 3. Dinani pa batani "Chabwino".

   

   Pambuyo pake, maselo omwe ali pa pepala adzakhala angapo.

4. Tsopano pamwamba pazomwe timayendera tiyenera kusungira malo a dzina la mweziwo. Sankhani maselo omwe ali pamwamba pa mzere wa chinthu choyamba cha kalendala. Mu tab "Kunyumba" mu chigawo cha zipangizo "Kugwirizana" pressani batani "Gwirizanitsani ndikuyika pakati".



5. Lowani masiku a sabata mu mzere woyamba wa kalendala. Izi zikhoza kuchitika pogwiritsa ntchito autocomplete. Maselo ang'onoang'ono a tebulo ili angapangidwe mwanzeru kuti musasinthe mwezi uliwonse mosiyana. Mwachitsanzo, mungathe kudzaza mndandanda wa Lamlungu mmawonekedwe ofiira, ndipo pangani malemba a mzere momwe maina a masiku a sabata amawonekera molimba.



6. Lembani zinthu zamalendala kwa miyezi iwiri ina. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, sitimayiwala kuti selo yogwirizana pamwamba pazinthu zingathe kulowa m'deralo. Timayika pamzere umodzi kuti pakati pa zinthu zili ndi mtunda wa selo imodzi.



7. Tsopano sankhani zinthu zitatu zonsezi, ndi kuzijambula pansi pa mizere itatu. Choncho, payenera kukhala chiwerengero cha zinthu 12 pa mwezi uliwonse. Kutalikirana pakati pa mizere, kupanga maselo awiri (ngati mumagwiritsa ntchito kujambula zithunzi) kapena chimodzi (pogwiritsa ntchito malo ozungulira).



8. Kenaka, mu selo lophatikizidwa, timalemba dzina la mwezi umene uli pamwamba pa chithunzi cha kalendala yoyamba - "January". Pambuyo pake, ife timapereka chigawo chilichonse chotsatira dzina lake la mweziwo.



9. Pamapeto omaliza timayika tsikulo mu maselo. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, mukhoza kuchepetsa kwambiri nthawi pogwiritsa ntchito ntchito yodzipangitsa kudzipereka, zomwe mukuphunzira pa phunziro lapadera.

Pambuyo pake, tikhoza kuganiza kuti kalendala ili yokonzeka, ngakhale mutha kuikonza pambali yanu.

Phunziro: Momwe mungapangire autocomplete mu Excel

Njira 2: Pangani kalendala pogwiritsa ntchito njirayi

Koma, komabe, njira yapitayi ya kulenga ili ndi zotsatira zofunikira: ziyenera kuchitidwanso chaka chilichonse. Pa nthawi yomweyi, pali njira yoyika kalendala mu Excel pogwiritsa ntchito fomu. Idzasinthidwa chaka chilichonse. Tiyeni tiwone momwe izi zingakhalire.

1. Mu khungu lakumanzere lakumapeto kwa pepala timayika ntchitoyi:
   = "Kalendala ya" & YEAR (TODAY ()) & "chaka"
   Potero, timapanga kalendala ya kalendala ndi chaka chomwecho.



2. Timapanga ma templates kwa zinthu zamalendala mwezi uliwonse, monga momwe tachitira mu njira yapitayi ndi kusintha komwe kumakhudzana ndi kukula kwa maselo. Mutha kupanga zochitika izi nthawi yomweyo: lembani, mazenera, ndi zina zotero.



3. Kumalo kumene dzina la mwezi "Januwale" liyenera kuwonetsedwa, lembani izi:
   = DATE (CHAKA (MASIKU ANA ()); 1; 1)

   

   Koma, monga momwe tikuonera, pamalo omwe dzina la mweziwo liyenera kuwonetsedwa, tsikulo ndilokhazikika. Kuti mubweretse mawonekedwe a selo ku mawonekedwe ofunikanso, dinani pomwepo ndi botani lamanja la mouse. Mu menyu yachidule, sankhani chinthucho "Sungani maselo ...".

   

   Muwindo la mawonekedwe lotseguka, pitani ku tabu "Nambala" (ngati zenera zatsegulidwa mu tabu ina). Mu chipika "Maofomu Owerengeka" sankhani chinthu "Tsiku". Mu chipika Lembani " sankhani mtengo "March". Musadandaule, izi sizikutanthauza kuti "March" adzakhala mu selo, chifukwa ichi ndi chitsanzo chabe. Timakanikiza batani "Chabwino".



4. Monga mukuonera, dzina pa mutu wa kalendala lasintha mpaka "January". Onetsani fomu ina mu mutu wa chinthu chotsatira:
   = DATAMES (B4; 1)
   Kwa ife, B4 ndi adiresi ya selo ndi dzina la "January". Koma m'mbali iliyonse, zigawozo zingakhale zosiyana. Kwa chigawo chotsatira ife sititchula kale "Januwale", koma "February", ndi zina zotero. Timapanga maselo m'njira yomweyo. Tsopano ife tiri nawo maina a miyezi mu zinthu zonse za kalendala.



5. Tiyenera kudzaza malo a tsikulo. Sankhani pa kalendala chinthu cha Januwale maselo onse omwe akufuna kuti alowe. Mu Mndandanda wa Mndandanda timayendetsa mu mawu awa:
   = DATE (CHAKA (D4); MONTH (D4); 1-1) - (TSIKU (DATE (YEAR (D4); MONTH (D4); 1-1)) - 1) + {0: 1: 2: 3 : 4: 5: 6} * 7 + {1; 2; 3; 4; 5; 6; 7}
   Timakanikizira mgwirizano wachinsinsi pa kibokosi Ctrl + Shift + Lowani.



6. Koma, monga tikuonera, minda inali yodzaza ndi ziwerengero zosamvetsetseka. Kuti iwo atenge mawonekedwe omwe ife tikusowa. Timayimilira ndi tsiku, monga idakonzedwera kale. Koma tsopano mu block "Maofomu Owerengeka" sankhani mtengo "Zopanga Zonse". Mu chipika Lembani " mtunduwo uyenera kulowa mwadongosolo. Iwo amalemba kalata yokha "D". Timakanikiza batani "Chabwino".



7. Timayendetsa mafananidwe ofanana omwewo m'zinthu za kalendala kwa miyezi inanso. Pokhapokha pakadutsa adiresi ya selo D4 mu ndondomekoyi, muyenera kuika malire ndi dzina la selo la mwezi womwewo. Kenaka, timapanga maonekedwe mofanana momwe tafotokozera pamwambapa.



8. Monga mukuonera, malo amasiku a kalendala sali olondola. Mu mwezi umodzi ayenera kukhala kuyambira masiku 28 mpaka 31 (malinga ndi mwezi). Timakhalanso ndi chiwerengero chilichonse chiwerengero chochokera kumwezi wapita ndi wotsatira. Ayenera kuchotsedwa. Pachifukwa ichi, gwiritsani ntchito zolemba zovomerezeka.

   Timapanga mu kalendala ya Januwale kusankha maselo omwe ali ndi manambala. Dinani pazithunzi "Mafomu Okhazikika"inayikidwa pa tabu laboni "Kunyumba" mu chigawo cha zipangizo "Masitala". M'ndandanda imene ikuwonekera, sankhani mtengo "Pangani lamulo".

   

   Mawindo opanga chikhalidwe chokhazikitsa machitidwe akuyamba. Sankhani mtundu "Gwiritsani ntchito ndondomeko kuti mudziwe maselo opangidwa". Ikani mawonekedwewo mu gawo lofanana:
   = NDI (MONTH (D6) 1 + 3 * (PRIVATE (STRING (D6) -5; 9)) + PRIVATE (COLUMN (D6); 9))
   D6 ndilo selo yoyamba ya magawo omwe ali ndi masiku. Pachifukwa chilichonse, adiresi yake ikhoza kusiyana. Kenaka dinani pa batani. "Format".

   

   Pawindo lomwe limatsegulira, pitani ku tab "Mawu". Mu chipika "Mtundu" sankhani mtundu woyera kapena wachikulire ngati muli ndi chikhalidwe cha kalendala. Timakanikiza batani "Chabwino".

   

   Kubwerera ku ulamuliro kulenga zenera, dinani pa batani. "Chabwino".



9. Pogwiritsira ntchito njira yofananamo, timapanga maonekedwe ovomerezeka mogwirizana ndi zinthu zina za kalendala. Kokha m'malo mwa selo D6 mu ndondomekoyi, muyenera kufotokoza adiresi ya selo yoyamba ya mndandanda mu zofanana.



10. Monga momwe mukuonera, manambala omwe sanaphatikizedwe mwezi womwewo akugwirizana ndi mbiri. Koma, pambali pake, pamapeto a sabata adalumikizana naye. Izi zinachitidwa mwachindunji, popeza tidzadzaza maselo okhala ndi ziwerengero za maholide ofiira. Timasankha madera mu January block, chiwerengero cha zomwe zimagwa Loweruka ndi Lamlungu. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, timapatula mndandanda umene detayi imabisika mwachindunji, monga momwe zimakhudzira mwezi umodzi. Pa tabu laboni "Kunyumba" mu chigawo cha zipangizo "Mawu" dinani pazithunzi Lembani Mtundu ndi kusankha wofiira.

    

    Timachita opaleshoni yomweyo ndi zinthu zina za kalendala.



11. Sankhani tsiku lomwe liripo pakalendala. Pachifukwa ichi, tidzafunikanso kupanga maumbidwe ovomerezeka a zinthu zonse pa tebulo. Nthawi ino sankhani mtundu wa lamuloli. "Pangani maselo okhawo omwe ali". Monga chikhalidwe, timayesa selo kuti likhale lofanana ndi tsiku lamakono. Kuti muchite izi, gwiritsani ntchito njira yoyenera (yomwe ikuwonetsedwa mu fanizo ili m'munsiyi).
    = MASIKU ano ()
    Mu fomu yodzazidwa, sankhani mtundu uliwonse wosiyana ndi maziko, mwachitsanzo, wobiriwira. Timakanikiza batani "Chabwino".

    

    Pambuyo pake, selo lofanana ndi nambala yeniyeni idzakhala yobiriwira.

12. Ikani dzina la "Kalendala ya 2017" pakati pa tsamba. Kuti muchite izi, sankhani mzere wonse uli ndi mawu awa. Timakanikiza batani "Gwirizanitsani ndikuyika pakati" pa tepi. Dzina limeneli kuti likhale lokhazikika likhoza kupangidwa m'njira zosiyanasiyana.

Kawirikawiri, ntchito yolenga kalendala yamuyaya imatsirizidwa, ngakhale mutatha nthawi yayitali ntchito yodzikongoletsa, ndikukonzekera maonekedwe anu. Kuwonjezera pamenepo, mukhoza kusankha mwaokha, mwachitsanzo, maholide.

Phunziro: Mafomu omvera mu Excel

Njira 3: gwiritsani ntchito template

Ogwiritsa ntchito omwe akukhalabe ndi Excel mosavuta kapena safuna kuti atenge nthaŵi kupanga kalendala yapadera akhoza kugwiritsa ntchito makonzedwe okonzedwa bwino kuchokera pa intaneti. Pali zochitika zingapo mumasewu, osati nambala yokha, komanso zosiyana ndizokulu. Mukhoza kuwapeza mwa kungolemba funso lofanana ndilo mu injini iliyonse yosaka. Mwachitsanzo, mukhoza kufotokoza funso lotsatira: "kalendala ya kalendala ya Excel".

Zindikirani: M'masitomu atsopano a Microsoft Office, makasitomala akuluakulu (kuphatikizapo makalendala) akuphatikizidwa mu software. Zonsezi zimawonetsedwa mwachindunji pamene kutsegula pulogalamu (osati chilemba) ndipo, pofuna kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwakukulu, zimagawidwa m'magulu amodzi. Ndiko komwe mungasankhe template yoyenera, ndipo ngati simukupeza, mukhoza kuiwombola ku webusaiti ya Office.com.

Ndipotu, template imeneyi ndi kalendala yokonzedwa bwino, yomwe muyenera kulowa tsiku la tchuthi, tsiku lobadwa kapena zochitika zina zofunika. Mwachitsanzo, kalendala yotere ndi chithunzi chomwe chili mu chithunzi chili pansipa. Ndi okonzeka mokwanira kugwiritsa ntchito tebulo.

Mukhoza kugwiritsa ntchito botani lodzaza mu tabu la "Home" lembani mitundu yosiyanasiyana maselo okhala ndi masiku, malingana ndi kufunika kwake. Kwenikweni, apa ndi pamene ntchito yonse ndi kalendala yoteroyo ikhoza kuonedwa kuti ndi yangwiro ndipo mukhoza kuyamba kuigwiritsa ntchito.

Tinazindikira kuti kalendala ya Excel ikhoza kuchitidwa m'njira ziwiri. Yoyamba imaphatikizapo kuchita zonse zolemba. Kuwonjezera apo, kalendala yopangidwa motere iyenera kusinthidwa chaka chilichonse. Njira yachiwiri ikugwiritsidwa ntchito pogwiritsa ntchito mafomu. Zimakupatsani inu kukhazikitsa kalendala yomwe idzasinthidwa yokha. Koma, pogwiritsa ntchito njirayi pakuchita, muyenera kukhala ndi chidziwitso chachikulu kuposa pamene mukugwiritsa ntchito njira yoyamba. Chofunika kwambiri ndi chidziwitso chokhudza momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito chida chofanana ndi maonekedwe ovomerezeka. Ngati chidziwitso chanu mu Excel chili chochepa, mungathe kugwiritsa ntchito template yokonzedwa yokonzedwa kuchokera pa intaneti.