Poyesa kuchuluka kwa kusalingani pakati pa magulu osiyanasiyana a anthu, anthu nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito mphika wa Lorenz ndi chizindikiro chake, ginny coefficient. Mothandizidwa ndi iwo, n'zotheka kudziwa kusiyana kwa kusiyana pakati pa anthu pakati pa anthu olemera kwambiri ndi osauka kwambiri. Mothandizidwa ndi zida za Excel, mungathe kuchepetsa njira yothetsera curve ya Lorenz. Tiyeni tizimvetsetsa momwe zakhalira ku Excel izi zikhoza kukhazikitsidwa mwakhama.
Pogwiritsa ntchito mphira wa Lorenz
Curve ya Lorenz ndi momwe ntchito yogawa imayendera, yosonyezedwa mwachidule. Pakati pa axis X Ntchito imeneyi ndi chiwerengero cha chiwerengero cha anthu monga kuchuluka kwa kuchuluka, komanso motsatira zigawo Y - malipiro onse a dziko. Kwenikweni, curve ya Lorenz yokha ili ndi mfundo, zonse zomwe zimagwirizana ndi chiwerengero cha ndalama za gawo lina la anthu. Pamene mzere wa Lorenz uli wokhazikika, umakhala waukulu kwambiri pakati pa anthu.
Mu malo abwino omwe palibe kusiyana pakati pa anthu, gulu lirilonse la anthu ali ndi ndalama zomwe zimakhala zofanana ndi kukula kwake. Mzere wofotokozera zinthu zoterewu umatchedwa "curve curve," ngakhale kuti ndi yoongoka. Zowonjezera chiwerengero cha chiwerengero chololedwa ndi curve ya Lorenz ndi curve yolingana, imapambana msinkhu wa kusalingani pakati pa anthu.
Curve ya Lorenz ikhoza kugwiritsidwa ntchito osati kungodziwa momwe zinthu zimakhalire m'dzikoli, m'dziko linalake kapena m'madera ena, komanso poyerekeza ndi mbali imodzi ya mabanja.
Mzere wolumikizana womwe umagwirizanitsa mzere wolingana ndi mfundo yomwe ili patali ndi iyo ndi curve ya Lorenz, yotchedwa index ya Hoover kapena Robin Hood. Gawo ili likuwonetsa momwe ndalama zochuluka ziyenera kukhazikidwiritsidwira mmalo mwa anthu kuti akwaniritse zofanana.
Mkhalidwe wosagwirizana pakati pa anthu umatsimikiziridwa ndi ndondomeko ya Ginny, yomwe ingasinthe 0 mpaka 1. Amatchedwanso coefficient of concentration concentration.
Kumanga Mzere Wofanana
Tsopano tiyeni titenge chitsanzo cha konkire ndikuwona momwe tingapangire mzere wofanana ndi curve ya Lorentz mu Excel. Pachifukwa ichi, timagwiritsa ntchito tebulo la chiŵerengero cha anthu omwe adagawidwa m'magulu asanu ofanana 20%), zomwe ziri mwachidule mu tebulo ndi increment. Gawo lachiwiri la gome ili likuwonetsera kuchuluka kwa ndalama za dziko, zomwe zikugwirizana ndi gulu lina la anthu.
Poyamba, timapanga mzere wofanana. Zidzakhala ndi mfundo ziwiri - zero komanso malire a dziko lonse kwa anthu 100%.
- Pitani ku tabu "Ikani". Onetsani mu zida zogwirira ntchito "Zolemba" pressani batani "Malo". Mndandanda wamakono uwu ndi woyenera ntchito yathu. Kuwonjezera apo mndandanda wa subspecies wa zithunzi umatsegula. Sankhani "Dot ndi miyala yosalala ndi makina".
- Pambuyo pochita ichi, malo opanda kanthu a chithunzi akuyamba. Izi zinachitika chifukwa sitinasankhe deta. Kuti mulowetse deta ndi kumanga grafu, dinani pomwepo pamalo opanda kanthu. Mu menyu yoyanjanitsidwa, chotsani chinthucho "Sankhani deta ...".
- Zithunzi zosankhidwa zosankha zosankha zimatsegula. Kumanzere kumanzereko, komwe kumatchedwa "Zithunzi za nthano (mizera)" pressani batani "Onjezerani".
- Mzere wosinthira mzere ukuyamba. Kumunda "Dzina Loyamba" lembani dzina la chithunzi chimene tikufuna kugawira. Zitha kukhazikanso pa pepala ndipo pazifukwa izi nkofunika kuwonetsa adiresi ya selo yomwe ilipo. Koma ifeyo ndi zophweka kuti tilowemo dzinalo mwaulere. Perekani dzina lajambula "Mzere Wofanana".
Kumunda Makhalidwe a X muyenera kufotokoza zochitika zazithunzi za chithunzichi pambaliyi X. Monga tikukumbukira, padzakhala awiri okha: 0 ndi 100. Timalemba mfundo izi kudzera mu semicolon mumunda uno.
Kumunda "Y" Muyenera kulemba zolemba za mfundo zomwe zili pambaliyi Y. Adzakhalanso awiri: 0 ndi 35,9. Mfundo yomalizira, monga momwe tikuonera pa ndondomekoyi, ikufanana ndi ndalama zonse za dziko 100% chiwerengero. Kotero, timalemba zabwino "0;35,9" popanda ndemanga.
Pambuyo pa deta zonse zomwe zafotokozedwa, dinani pa batani "Chabwino".
- Pambuyo pake tibwerera ku zenera zosankha zosankha. Iyenso ikani pa batani "Chabwino".
- Monga mukuonera, zotsatirazi zisanachitike, mzere wofanana udzamangidwa ndikuwonetsedwa pa pepala.
Phunziro: Momwe mungapangire chithunzi mu Excel
Kupanga mphika wa Lorenz
Tsopano tikuyenera kumangomanga makompyuta a Lorenz, pogwiritsa ntchito deta.
- Dinani kumene kumalo a chithunzi chomwe mzere wofanana uli kale. Mu menyu yoyamba, pewani kusankhidwa pa chinthucho "Sankhani deta ...".
- Zithunzi zosankhidwa zosankhidwa zimatsegulanso. Monga mukuonera, dzinali likuyimira kale pakati pa zinthu. "Mzere Wofanana"koma tikufunika kuwonjezera chithunzi china. Choncho, dinani pa batani "Onjezerani".
- Mzere wosinthira mzere umatsegulanso. Munda "Dzina Loyamba", monga nthawi yomaliza, lembani pamanja. Pano mukhoza kulowa dzina "Curve Lorenz".
Kumunda Makhalidwe a X ayenera kulowa gawo lonse la deta "% ya anthu" tebulo lathu. Kuti muchite izi, yikani mtolo mmunda. Kenaka, tsambani botani lamanzere la mouse ndipo sankhani mapepala ofanana pa pepala. Makonzedwewa adzawonetsedwa nthawi yomweyo muzenera lawindo.
Kumunda "Y" lowetsani makonzedwe a maselo a m'mbali "Ndalama za ndalama za dziko". Timachita izi pogwiritsa ntchito njira yomweyo yomwe tinalowetsera deta kumunda wapitawo.
Pambuyo pa deta yonseyi ilipo, dinani pa batani "Chabwino".
- Mutabwerera ku zenera zosankhidwa, koperani kachiwiri. "Chabwino".
- Monga mukuonera, mutatha kuchita zochitika pamwambapa, curve ya Lorenz iwonetsanso pa tsamba la Excel.
Ntchito yomanga curve ya Lorenz ndi mzere wa equation ku Excel ikugwiritsidwa ntchito motsatira mfundo zofanana ndi zomangidwe za mtundu uliwonse wamakono pulogalamuyi. Choncho, kwa ogwiritsa ntchito omwe ali ndi luso lomanga masati ndi ma grafu ku Excel, ntchitoyi sayenera kuyambitsa mavuto aakulu.
