Kufunika kosintha ma encoding a malemba nthawi zambiri kumayang'aniridwa ndi ogwiritsa ntchito osakatula, omasulira malemba ndi mapulosesa. Komabe, mukamagwira ntchito pulojekiti ya Excel spreadsheet, chosowachi chikhoza kutulukanso, chifukwa pulogalamuyi sichiwerengera nambala, koma komanso malemba. Tiyeni tione momwe tingasinthire encoding mu Excel.
Phunziro: Microsoft Word Encoding
Gwiritsani ntchito malemba encoding
Kukopera malemba ndi mndandanda wa ma nambala a magetsi amene amasandulika kukhala otchuka. Pali mitundu yambiri ya encoding, iliyonse yomwe ili ndi malamulo ake ndi chinenero. Kukhoza kwa pulogalamuyo kuzindikira chinenero china ndikuchimasulira mu zilembo kumveka kwa munthu wamba (makalata, nambala, zilembo zina) zimatsimikizira kuti ntchitoyo ingagwire ntchito ndi malemba kapena ayi. Zina mwa zolembera zolembedwera ziyenera kuwonetsa zotsatirazi:
- Windows-1251;
- KOI-8;
- ASCII;
- ANSI;
- UKS-2;
- UTF-8 (Unicode).
Dzina lachiwiri ndilofala kwambiri pakati pa ma encodings mu dziko lapansi, chifukwa amalingalira ngati mtundu wa chilengedwe chonse.
Kawirikawiri, pulogalamuyo imadziwika kuti imalowa ndipo imasinthira, koma nthawi zina wogwiritsa ntchito ayenera kusonyeza momwe akuonekera. Pokhapokha zingathe kugwira ntchito molondola ndi zilembo zolembedwera.
Mavuto ochulukanso ndi kutanthauzira kwa encoding ya Excel akukumana nawo pamene akuyesera kutsegula mawindo a CSV kapena mafayilo amtundu wotumiza kunja. Kawirikawiri, mmalo mwa zilembo zachizoloŵezi pamene mutsegula mafayilowa kudzera mu Excel, tikhoza kuona zizindikiro zosamvetsetseka, zomwe zimatchedwa "ming'alu". Pazochitikazi, wogwiritsa ntchito ayenera kuchita zinazake kuti pulogalamuyi iyambe kusonyeza deta molondola. Pali njira zingapo zothetsera vutoli.
Njira 1: Sinthani kutsekemera pogwiritsa ntchito Notepad ++
Mwamwayi, Excel alibe chida chokwanira chomwe chingawononge msangamsanga chikhodi muzolemba zamtundu uliwonse. Choncho, m'pofunikira kugwiritsa ntchito njira zothandizira pazinthu izi kapena kugwiritsa ntchito kugwiritsa ntchito chipani chachitatu. Njira imodzi yodalirika ndiyo kugwiritsa ntchito Notepad ++.
- Kuthamangitsani Notepad ++. Dinani pa chinthu "Foni". Kuchokera pandandanda yomwe imatsegulira, sankhani chinthucho "Tsegulani". Monga njira ina, mungathe kufotokozera njira yomasulira Ctrl + O.
- Fayilo lotsegula mawindo likuyamba. Pitani ku zolemba kumene chikalatacho chili, chomwe sichiwonetsedwa molakwika ku Excel. Sankhani ndipo dinani pa batani. "Tsegulani" pansi pazenera.
- Fayilo imatsegula pazenera la Notepad ++ editor. Pansi pawindo pazanja lamanja la chikhomo chazomwe muliko pakali panoyi. Popeza Excel imawonetsa molakwika, muyenera kusintha. Timayika mgwirizano wachinsinsi Ctrl + A pa kambokosi kuti musankhe malemba onse. Dinani pa chinthu cha menyu "Makalata". M'ndandanda yomwe imatsegula, sankhani chinthucho "Sinthani ku UTF-8". Ichi ndi encoding encoding ndipo Excel imagwira ntchito nayo moyenera momwe zingathere.
- Pambuyo pake, kuti mupulumutse kusintha kwa fayilo, dinani pa batani pa toolbar monga floppy disk. Tsekani Notepad ++ podindira pa batani ngati mawonekedwe oyera mumtsinje wofiira kumbali yakumanja yawindo.
- Tsegulani fayilo mu njira yoyenera kudzera pa Explorer kapena mugwiritse ntchito china chilichonse mu Excel. Monga mukuonera, anthu onse akuwonetsedwa tsopano.
Ngakhale kuti njirayi ikugwiritsidwa ntchito pogwiritsa ntchito mapulogalamu apamwamba, ndi imodzi mwa njira zosavuta zowonjezeramo zomwe zili m'maofesi pansi pa Excel.
Njira 2: Gwiritsani ntchito Wopanga Mauthenga
Kuwonjezera pamenepo, mukhoza kutembenuka pogwiritsa ntchito zida zowonongeka za pulogalamuyo, yomwe ndiWizun Wizard. Chodabwitsa, kugwiritsa ntchito chida ichi ndi chovuta kwambiri kuposa kugwiritsa ntchito pulogalamu ya chipani chachitatu yomwe ikufotokozedwa mu njira yapitayi.
- Kuthamanga pulogalamu ya Excel. Muyenera kuyambitsa ntchitoyo, ndipo musatsegule chikalata ndi icho. Izi ndizo, musanawoneke tsamba lopanda kanthu. Pitani ku tabu "Deta". Dinani pa batani pa tepiyi "Kuchokera m'malemba"anaikidwa mu chida cha zipangizo "Kutenga Deta Zakunja".
- Fayilo lolemba mafayilo olembera liyamba. Zimathandizira kutsegula mafomu otsatirawa:
- Txt;
- CSV;
- PRN.
Pitani ku malo a fayilo yoitanirako, lisankheni ndipo dinani pa batani "Lowani".
- The Wizard Text ikuyamba. Monga momwe mukuonera, mu malo oyang'ana, malembawo akuwonetsedwa molakwika. Kumunda "Fomu ya Fayilo" timatsegula mndandanda wotsika pansi ndikusintha ma encoding mmenemo "Unicode (UTF-8)".
Ngati deta ikuwonetsedwa molakwika, ndiye kuti tiyesera kugwiritsa ntchito ma encodings ena, mpaka mawu omwe ali muwonekera akuyang'ana. Pambuyo pake zotsatira zikukhutitsani inu, dinani pa batani. "Kenako".
- Mawindo otsatirawa amawonekera. Pano mungasinthe khalidwe la olekanitsa, koma tikulimbikitsidwa kusiya maimidwe osasintha (tabu). Timakanikiza batani "Kenako".
- Muwindo lotsiriza, mungasinthe mtundu wa deta ya deta:
- Wamba;
- Malemba;
- Tsiku;
- Skip column.
Pano makonzedwe ayenera kukhazikitsidwa, atapatsidwa chikhalidwe cha zosinthidwa. Pambuyo pake, dinani pa batani "Wachita".
- Muzenera yotsatira, timasonyeza makonzedwe a selo lakumanzere kumanzere pa pepala pomwe deta idzalowetsedwa. Izi zikhoza kuchitika polemba adiresi pamanja yoyenera kapena posankha selo lofunidwa pa pepala. Pambuyo pazowonjezera, dinani batani m'munda wawindo "Chabwino".
- Pambuyo pake, malembawo adzawonetsedwa pa pepala mu encoding yomwe mukufuna. Ikutsalira kuti ikhale yopangidwe kapena kubwezeretsanso kayendedwe ka gome, ngati inali deta, chifukwa yawonongeka pamene ikukonzekera.
Njira 3: Sungani fayilo mu encoding yeniyeni
Palinso zovuta pamene fayilo sayenera kutsegulidwa ndi mawonetsedwe oyenera a deta, koma yasungidwa mu encoding yoyikidwa. Mu Excel, mukhoza kuchita ntchitoyi.
- Pitani ku tabu "Foni". Dinani pa chinthu "Sungani Monga".
- Fayilo lolemba mawonekedwe limatsegula. Pogwiritsira ntchito mawonekedwe a Explorer, timafotokoza zolemba kumene fayilo idzasungidwe. Kenaka timayika mtundu wa fayilo ngati tikufuna kusunga bukulo ndi mawonekedwe ena osati maofomu ofanana a Excel (xlsx). Kenako dinani pa parameter "Utumiki" ndi m'ndandanda yomwe imatsegulira, sankhani chinthucho "Zokonzera Zopangira Makandulo".
- Pawindo lomwe limatsegulira, pitani ku tab "Kulemba". Kumunda "Sungani Ndemanga Monga" Tsegulani mndandanda wazitsulo ndikuyika kuchokera pa mndandanda wa mtundu wa encoding umene timawona kuti uli wofunika. Pambuyo pake, dinani pa batani "Chabwino".
- Timabwerera kuwindo "Sungani Zolemba" kenako dinani pa batani Sungani ".
Chipepalacho chidzapulumutsidwa pa disk hard or media removable mu encoding yomwe inu mumadzifotokozera nokha. Koma kumbukirani kuti tsopano nthawi zonse zolemba zosungidwa ku Excel zidzapulumutsidwa mukokudodometsa. Kuti musinthe izi, muyenera kutuluka pazenera kachiwiri. "Zokonzera Zopangira Makandulo" ndi kusintha zosintha.
Pali njira yina yosinthira zolemba zamakalata zosungidwa.
- Kukhala mu tab "Foni", dinani pa chinthu "Zosankha".
- Foni ya Excel imatsegula. Sankhani sub "Zapamwamba" kuchokera mndandanda yomwe ili kumanzere kwawindo. Gawo lapakati lazenera lidutse mpaka ku malo ozungulira "General". Pano ife tibokosi pa batani "Tsamba la Tsamba la Webusaiti".
- Zenera zomwe tidziwa kale zimatsegula. "Zokonzera Zopangira Makandulo"kumene timachita zofanana zomwe tinakambirana kale.
Tsamba lililonse losungidwa ku Excel lidzakhala ndi encoding yeniyeni imene mwaiika.
Monga mukuonera, Excel alibe chida chomwe chingakulole kuti mutembenuzire mwatsatanetsatane malemba kuchokera pa encoding to another. Wizard yowonjezera ili ndi mphamvu zambiri komanso ili ndi zinthu zambiri zomwe sizikufunika kuti zitheke. Kugwiritsa ntchito, muyenera kudutsa muzitsulo zingapo zomwe sizikukhudza njirayi, koma chitumikireni kuzinthu zina. Ngakhale kutembenuka kupyolera m'dongosolo lakale lasakatuli lolemba Notepad ++ limawoneka mosavuta pa nkhaniyi. Kusunga fayilo mu encoding yoperekedwa mu Excel kumakhalanso kovuta ndi kuti nthawi iliyonse yomwe mukufuna kusintha kusintha, muyenera kusintha zosintha za pulogalamuyi.
