Chotsani antivayirasi kuchokera ku kompyuta

Zimakhala kuti ntchito ya intaneti ndi yokwanira kugwirizanitsa chingwe cha intaneti ku kompyuta, koma nthawi zina zimayenera kuchita china. Kugwirizana kwa PPPoE, L2TP ndi PPTP kumagwiritsabe ntchito. Kawirikawiri, ISP imapereka malangizo a momwe mungakhalire mafayilo apadera a router, koma ngati mukumvetsa mfundo yomwe ikufunikira kukonzekera, mukhoza kuchita pafupifupi pafupifupi router iliyonse.

Pulogalamu ya PPPoE

PPPoE ndi imodzi mwa ma intaneti omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri pamene DSL imagwiritsidwa ntchito.

1. Chinthu chosiyana ndi kugwirizana kwa VPN kuli kugwiritsa ntchito lolowera ndi mawu achinsinsi. Mitundu ina ya maulendo amafunika kuti mulowetse mawu achinsinsi kawiri, ena - kamodzi. Pa kukhazikitsa koyamba, mutha kutenga deta iyi mu mgwirizano ndi ISP yanu.



2. Malingana ndi zofunikira za wopereka, adesi ya IP ya routeryo idzakhala yosasunthika (yosatha) kapena yogwira (ingasinthe nthawi iliyonse yomwe ikukhudzana ndi seva). Adesi yowonjezera imaperekedwa ndi wothandizira, kotero palibe chifukwa chodzaza chirichonse.



3. Adilesi yoyenera iyenera kulembedwa pamanja.



4. "Dzina la AC" ndi "Dzina la Utumiki" - Awa ndi njira zokhudzana ndi PPPoE zokha. Amasonyeza dzina la nthitiyo ndi mtundu wa utumiki, motero. Ngati akufunika kuti agwiritsidwe ntchito, wothandizira ayenera kutchula izi mwa malangizo.
   

   Nthaŵi zina amangogwiritsidwa ntchito "Dzina la Utumiki".
   

5. Chotsatira chotsatira ndilo kukhazikitsa kachiwiri. Malingana ndi chitsanzo cha router, zotsatirazi zotsatira zidzakhalapo:
   • "Yambani molumikiza" - router idzagwirizanitsa nthawizonse pa intaneti, ndipo pamene mgwirizano udzasweka, udzagwirizananso.
   • "Gwirizanitsani pa Zofuna" - Ngati intaneti sinagwiritsidwe ntchito, router ikanachotsa kugwirizana. Pamene osatsegula kapena pulogalamu ina ayesa kugwiritsa ntchito intaneti, router idzakhazikitsanso kugwirizana.
   • "Lankhulani Mwadongosolo" - monga momwe zinalili kale, router ikanachotsa kugwirizana ngati simugwiritsa ntchito Intaneti kwa kanthawi. Koma panthawi imodzimodziyo, pulogalamu ikafuna kupeza malo ochezera, mawotchi sangayambirane. Kuti mukonze izi, muyenera kulowa m'makina a router ndipo dinani pa "batani".
   • Kusakaniza kwa nthawi - apa inu mukhoza kufotokoza pa nthawi yanji kulumikizana kudzakhala kotanganidwa.

   

   • Chinthu china chotheka ndi "Nthawizonse" - kugwirizana kumakhala nthawizonse yogwira ntchito.

   

6. Nthawi zina, ISP ikufuna kuti mudziwe dzina la seva (domain name server)"DNS"), yomwe imasintha maina a maina a malo (ldap-isp.ru) ku digito (10.90.32.64). Ngati izi sizikufunika, mukhoza kunyalanyaza chinthu ichi.



7. "MTU" - ndi kuchuluka kwa chidziwitso chotumizidwa mu ntchito imodzi yopititsa deta. Mukhoza kuyesa zikhulupiliro kuti muwonjezere chiwongoladzanja, koma nthawi zina izi zingayambitse mavuto. Nthawi zambiri, opereka intaneti amasonyeza kukula kwa MTU, koma ngati kulibe, ndibwino kuti musakhudze parameter iyi.



8. "Makhalidwe a MAC". Izi zimachitika poyamba kuti makompyuta okha adagwirizanitsidwa ndi intaneti ndipo makonzedwe omwe amapereka amaphatikizidwa ku adilesi yeniyeni ya MAC. Popeza mafoni ndi mapiritsi amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri, izi ndizochepa, komabe n'zotheka. Ndipo pakadali pano, zingakhale zofunikira "kuyika" adesi ya MAC, ndiko kuti, kutsimikiza kuti router ili ndi aderesi yomweyi ndi kompyuta yomwe intaneti idakonzedweratu.



9. "Kulumikizana kwachiwiri" kapena "Kulumikizana Kwachiwiri". Izi zimapangidwira "Kuphatikizana Kwambiri"/"Russia PPPoE". Ndicho, mukhoza kulumikiza ku intaneti ya wothandizira. Ndikofunikira kuti muwathandize pamene wothandizira akuvomereza kukhazikitsa "Kuphatikizana Kwambiri" kapena "Russia PPPoE". Apo ayi, izo ziyenera kutsekedwa. Atatsegulidwa "IP Mphamvu" ISP idzakupatsani adiresi mosavuta.



10. Yathandiza "IP Static", IP-adiresi ndipo nthawi zina maski adzafunika kudzilembera nokha.

L2TP kukhazikitsa

L2TP ndi protocol ina ya VPN, imapereka mipata yabwino, kotero imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pakati pa zitsanzo za router.

1. Kumayambiriro kwa kukonza kwa L2TP, mukhoza kusankha ngati adilesi ya IP ayenera kukhala yogwira kapena yolimba. Poyambirira, siziyenera kusintha.


Pachiwiri - ndikofunikira kulembetsa osati IP address yokha komanso nthawi zina subnet mask, komanso chipata - "L2TP Gateway IP-address".


2. Ndiye mukhoza kufotokozera adiresi ya seva - "L2TP Server Server Address". Zitha kuchitika monga "Dzina la Seva".



3. Monga woyenera kugwirizana kwa VPN, muyenera kufotokoza dzina lachinsinsi kapena mawu achinsinsi, zomwe zingatengedwe pa mgwirizano.



4. Kenaka, kugwirizana kwa seva kumasungidwira, komwe kumachitika pambuyo pa kugwirizana kumeneku. Angathe kufotokoza "Nthawizonse"kotero kuti nthawizonse imakhala, kapena "Kufunidwa"kotero kuti kugwirizana kumakhazikitsidwa pafunika.



5. DNS kasinthidwe ayenera kuchitidwa ngati woyenerayo akufunika.



6. Malamulo a MTU samafunikanso kusintha, mwinamwake wopereka pa Intaneti akuwonetsa m'malamulo kuti mtengo wapatali uperekedwa.



7. Tchulani maadiresi a MAC sikuti nthawi zonse amafunikanso, ndipo padera pali batani "Yambani macheza a ma PC a PC". Amapereka maadiresi a MAC a makompyuta kuchokera pamene makonzedwewa akuchitidwa kwa router.

Kukonzekera kwa PPTP

PPTP ndi mtundu wina wa mgwirizano wa VPN; zikuwoneka ngati ukukonzedwa mofanana ndi L2TP.

1. Mukhoza kuyambitsa kusinthika kwa mtundu woterewu pofotokozera mtundu wa IP adiresi. Ndi adesi yogwira ntchito, palibe china chomwe chiyenera kukonzedwa.


Ngati adiresiyo ili pamtanda, pokhapokha mutalowetsa adiresi yokha, nthawi zina ndi kofunika kufotokoza subnet mask - izi ndi zofunika pamene router silingathe kuziwerengera. Ndiye chipatachi chikuwonetsedwa - PPTP Gateway IP Address.


2. Ndiye muyenera kufotokoza Adilesi ya IP Server ya PPTPpomwe pempho lidzachitika.



3. Pambuyo pake, mungathe kufotokoza dzina ndi dzina lanu loperekedwa ndi wopereka.



4. Pamene mukukonzekera kugwirizanitsa, mungathe kufotokoza "Kufunidwa"kotero kuti intaneti imakhazikitsidwe pafunidwe ndi kutayidwa ngati siigwiritsidwe ntchito.



5. Kukhazikitsa ma seva a mayina nthawi zambiri sikofunika, koma nthawi zina kumafunidwa ndi wothandizira.



6. Meaning MTU bwino kuti musakhudze ngati sikofunika.



7. Munda "Makhalidwe a MAC"Mwinamwake, sikofunikira kudzaza, muzochitika zapadera mungagwiritse ntchito batani pansipa kuti muwonetsere adiresi ya makompyuta yomwe makinawo akukonzekera.

Kutsiliza

Izi zimatsiriza mwachidule mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya maulumikizano a VPN. Inde, pali mitundu ina, koma nthawi zambiri imagwiritsidwa ntchito mu dziko linalake, kapena ilipo pokhapokha muchitsanzo cha router.