Poyang'ana pazithunzi zouma za matebulo, ndizovuta poyamba kuti agwire chithunzi chonse chomwe akuyimira. Koma, mu Microsoft Excel, pali chida chowonetseratu chowonetseratu chomwe mungathe kuwonetsera deta yomwe ili mu matebulo. Izi zimakuthandizani kuti mumvetse mosavuta komanso mwamsanga. Chida ichi chimatchedwa maimidwe ovomerezeka. Tiyeni tione momwe tingagwiritsire ntchito maonekedwe ovomerezeka mu Microsoft Excel.
Zosankha Zopanga Maonekedwe Ophweka
Kuti mupange gawo la selo, sankhani malo awa (nthawi zambiri ndime), ndi pakanema Kwawo, dinani pa batani lopangira maimidwe, lomwe liri pa riboni mu bokosi lazamasamba.
Pambuyo pake, mndandanda wa zolembazo umatsegulidwa. Pali mitundu itatu yaikulu ya maonekedwe:
- Zolemba;
- Miyeso ya digiri;
- Zikwangwani.
Kuti mupange malemba ovomerezeka mwa mtundu wake wa histogram, sankhani ndondomekoyi ndi deta, ndipo dinani pa mndandanda woyenera. Monga momwe mukuonera, pali mitundu yambiri ya malemba ake omwe ali ndi gradient ndi fillings olimba kuti musankhe. Sankhani zomwe, malingaliro anu, zimagwirizana kwambiri ndi kalembedwe ndi zomwe zili patebulo.
Monga momwe mukuonera, histograms inkawonekera m'maselo osankhidwawo. Kuposa kuchuluka kwa chiwerengero mu maselo, ndi histogram yake yaitali. Kuwonjezera pamenepo, m'mawu a Excel 2010, 2013 ndi 2016, n'zotheka kuwonetsa bwino makhalidwe osokoneza bongo. Koma mu version ya 2007 palibe zotheka.
Mukamagwiritsa ntchito mtundu wa mtundu m'malo mwa histogram, ndizotheka kusankha zosinthika zosiyanasiyana za chida ichi. Pachifukwa ichi, monga lamulo, phindu lalikulu likupezeka mu selo, momwemo mumakhutira kwambiri mtundu wa msinkhu.
Chinthu chochititsa chidwi ndi chovuta kwambiri pakati payiyi ya ntchito zojambula ndizojambula. Pali magulu anayi akuluakulu a zizindikiro: malangizo, mawonekedwe, zizindikiro ndi mawerengedwe. Njira iliyonse yosankhidwa ndi wogwiritsa ntchito imagwiritsa ntchito zithunzi zosiyana pofufuza zomwe zili mu selo. Malo onse osankhidwa amawerengedwa ndi Excel, ndipo machitidwe onse a selo amagawidwa m'magulu, malingana ndi mfundo zomwe zidafotokozedwa. Zithunzi zofiira zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pazinthu zazikulu kwambiri, zachikasu zoyenera pakati, ndipo chiwerengero chaching'ono kwambiri chachitatu chikulembedwa ndi zizindikiro zofiira.
Posankha mivi, monga chizindikiro, kuwonjezera pa kukongoletsa kwa mitundu, kuwonetsera mwa mawonekedwe akugwiritsidwanso ntchito. Motero, muviwo, ukuwonetsera, umagwiritsidwa ntchito kuzinthu zazikulu, kumanzere - pakati, pansi-mpaka ang'ono. Pogwiritsira ntchito ziwerengero, zikhulupiliro zazikuluzikulu zimayikidwa kuzungulira, katatu ndizopakatikati, rhombus ndi yaing'ono.
Malamulo Ogawa Ma cell
Mwachizolowezi, lamuloli limagwiritsidwa ntchito, momwe maselo onse a chidutswa chosankhidwa amaikidwa ndi mtundu kapena chizindikiro, malinga ndi zikhalidwe zomwe zili mkati mwawo. Koma pogwiritsa ntchito menyu, zomwe tazitchula pamwambapa, mungagwiritse ntchito malamulo ena a kutchulidwa.
Dinani pa chinthu cha menyu "Malamulo osankha maselo". Monga mukuonera, pali malamulo asanu ndi awiri ofunika kwambiri:
- Zambiri;
- Zochepa;
- Ofanana;
- Pakati;
- Tsiku;
- Zokwanira zobwereza
Taganizirani momwe ntchitoyi ikugwiritsidwira ntchito mu zitsanzo. Sankhani maselo osiyanasiyana, ndipo dinani pa chinthu "More ...".
Zenera likutsegula momwe muyenera kukhazikitsa zikhulupiliro zazikulu kusiyana ndi nambala yomwe idzawonetsedwa. Izi zachitika mu "Ma selo omwe ali aakulu." Mwachisawawa, mtengo wamtengo wapatali umagwirizana pano, koma ukhoza kukhazikitsa zina, kapena ukhoza kufotokoza adiresi ya selo yomwe ili ndi nambala iyi. Njira yotsirizayi ndi yoyenera kwa matebulo olimba, deta yomwe ikusintha nthawi zonse, kapena selo limene chigwiritsidwe ntchito chikugwiritsidwa ntchito. Mwachitsanzo, timayika 20,000.
Mu gawo lotsatila, muyenera kusankha momwe maselo adzawonetsedwere: Kuwala kofiira ndi kuwala kofiira (posasintha); chikasu chodzaza ndi mdima wachizungu; zofiira, ndi zina zotero. Kuwonjezera apo, pali machitidwe apamwamba.
Mukapita ku chinthu ichi, zenera zikutsegulira momwe mungasinthire kusankha, monga momwe mukukondera, pogwiritsa ntchito machitidwe osiyanasiyana, kudzaza, ndi malire.
Tikadasankha pazomwe zili muzenera pazomwe mwasankha malamulo, dinani "Bwino".
Monga momwe mukuonera, maselo amasankhidwa, malinga ndi lamulo lokhazikitsidwa.
Mfundo yomweyi ikuwonetseratu zomwe zimapindulitsa potsatira malamulo "Pang'ono", "Pakati pa" ndi "Ofanana." Kokha koyamba, maselo amagawidwa mochepa kuposa mtengo umene ulipo; Pachifukwa chachiwiri, chiwerengero chayikidwa, maselo omwe adzapatsidwa; Kachitatu, nambala yapadera imapatsidwa, ndipo maselo okha omwe ali nawo adzapatsidwa.
"Malembawa ali ndi" malamulo osankhidwa amagwiritsidwa ntchito polemba maselo apangidwe. Mu ulamuliro wowonjezera zenera, muyenera kufotokozera mawu, gawo la mawu, kapena mawu osankhidwa a mawu, akapezeka, maselo ofananawo adzawonekera momwe mumakhalira.
Kulamulira kwa tsiku kumagwiritsidwa ntchito kwa maselo omwe ali ndi malingaliro pamtundu wa tsiku. Pa nthawi yomweyi, pamasewero mungasankhe kusankha maselo malinga ndi zomwe zinachitikazo kapena zidzachitika: lero, dzulo, mawa, masiku 7 otsiriza, ndi zina.
Pogwiritsira ntchito malamulo a "Duplicate values", mungasinthe kusankhidwa kwa maselo molingana ndi momwe chiwerengero chawo chimasungidwira chimodzimodzi: deta kapena deta yapadera.
Lamulo loti muzisankha mfundo zoyamba ndi zotsiriza
Kuonjezera apo, muzinthu zovomerezeka zokhazokha pali chinthu china chosangalatsa - "Malamulo osankha zoyamba ndi zoyambirira." Pano mungathe kusankha zosankha zazikulu kapena zing'onozing'ono m'maselo osiyanasiyana. Pankhaniyi, mungagwiritse ntchito zosankhidwazo, potsatira mfundo za malamulo komanso peresenti. Pali zotsatirazi zotsatirazi, zomwe zili muzinthu zamakono:
- Zinthu 10 zoyamba;
- 10% yoyamba;
- Zinthu 10 zotsiriza;
- Otsiriza 10%;
- Pamwamba pafupi;
- Pafupi.
Koma, mutasindikiza chinthu chomwecho, mukhoza kusintha pang'ono malamulo. Mawindo amatsegulira kumene mtundu wosankhidwa wasankhidwa, komanso, ngati mukufuna, mukhoza kusankha malire osankhidwa. Mwachitsanzo, podalira chinthu "Choyamba 10" zinthu pawindo lomwe limatsegulidwa, mu "Maseniti oyambirira maselo", m'malo mwa nambala 10 ndi 7. Choncho, mutatha kuyika batani "OK", osati zizindikiro 10 zazikuluzikulu, 7 zokha.
Kupanga malamulo
Pamwamba, tinkakambirana za malamulo omwe aikidwa kale mu Excel, ndipo wogwiritsa ntchito akhoza kungosankha aliyense wa iwo. Koma, kuonjezerapo, ngati mukufuna, wogwiritsa ntchito akhoza kukhazikitsa malamulo ake.
Kuti muchite izi, pamagulu ena aliwonse olemba malembawo, dinani pamutu wakuti "Malamulo ena ..." ali pansi pa mndandanda.
Zenera likuyamba pamene mukufuna kusankha limodzi mwa mitundu isanu ndi umodzi ya malamulo:
- Sungani maselo onse malinga ndi mfundo zawo;
- Sungani maselo omwe ali;
- Lembani zokhazokha zoyamba ndi zotsiriza;
- Lembani zokhazo zomwe zili pamwamba kapena pansipa;
- Lembani zokhazokha zosiyana kapena zobwereza;
- Gwiritsani ntchito ndondomekoyi kuti mudziwe maselo opangidwa.
Malingana ndi mtundu wosankhidwa wa malamulo, pansi pazenera muyenera kusintha kusintha kwa malongosoledwe a malamulo mwa kukhazikitsa zikhalidwe, nthawi ndi zina zomwe tanena kale. Pokhapokha pakakhala izi, kukhazikitsa mfundo izi zidzasintha. Ikukhazikanso, posintha mazenera, malire ndikudzaza, momwe kusankha kudzaonekera. Pambuyo ponsepangidwe, mukuyenera kutsegula pakani "OK" kuti muzisintha kusintha.
Utsogoleri wotsogolera
Mu Excel, mungagwiritse ntchito malamulo angapo kumaselo ofanana panthawi yomweyo, koma malamulo okha omwe aloweredwe adzawonetsedwa pawindo. Kuti muyambe kukhazikitsa malamulo osiyanasiyana ponena za maselo osiyanasiyana, muyenera kusankha mtundu uwu, ndipo mndandanda waukulu wa maonekedwe oyenerera kupita ku Malamulo oyendetsa katundu.
Mawindo amawunikira kuti malamulo onse okhudzana ndi maselo osiyanasiyana amasankhidwa. Malamulo akugwiritsidwa ntchito kuyambira pamwamba mpaka pansi, monga momwe alembedwera. Choncho, ngati malamulowo amatsutsana, ndiye kuti posachedwapa kokha amawonetsedwa pazenera.
Kusintha malamulo m'malo, pali mabatani omwe ali ngati mauta akulozera mmwamba ndi pansi. Kuti lamulo liwonetsedwe pawindo, muyenera kulisankha, ndipo dinani pa batani ngati mawotolo akulozera mpaka lamulo lidzatenga mzere waposachedwa pa mndandanda.
Pali njira ina. Ndikofunika kuyika chongani m'ndandanda ndi dzina lakuti "Imani ngati ndi zoona" kutsutsana ndi lamulo lomwe tikusowa. Choncho, pokwaniritsa malamulowa kuyambira pamwamba mpaka pansi, pulogalamuyi idzayimira ndendende pa ulamuliro, pafupi ndi umene chizindikirochi chikuyimira, ndipo sichidzagwa pansi, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti lamuloli lidzachitikadi.
Muwindo lomweli pali mabatani omwe amapanga ndikusintha malamulo osankhidwa. Pambuyo pang'onopang'ono pa mabataniwa, mawindo opangira ndi kusintha malamulo ayambitsidwa, omwe takambirana kale.
Kuti muchotse lamulo, muyenera kulisankha, ndipo dinani pa batani "Chotsani malamulo".
Kuphatikizanso, mukhoza kuchotsa malamulo kupyolera mndandanda waukulu wa maonekedwe ovomerezeka. Kuti muchite izi, dinani pa chinthucho "Chotsani malamulo". A submenu imatsegula pamene mungasankhe njira imodzi yochotsa: kapena kuchotsani malamulo okha pa maselo osankhidwa, kapena kuchotsani malamulo onse omwe ali pamsewu wotseguka wa Excel.
Monga mukuonera, maonekedwe ovomerezeka ndi chida champhamvu kwambiri chowonetsera deta patebulo. Ndili, mukhoza kusintha tebulo kuti mauthenga onse omwe ali nawo athandizidwe ndi wogwiritsa ntchito pang'onopang'ono. Kuphatikiza apo, maonekedwe ovomerezeka amapereka chidwi chachikulu chokhudzana ndi zolembedwazo.
