Kuyika dongosolo la opaleshoni ya CentOS 7 kumasiyana kwambiri ndi njirayi ndi magawo ena opangidwa ndi kernel ya Linux, kotero ngakhale wogwiritsa ntchito bwino angakumane ndi mavuto ambiri pochita ntchitoyi. Kuphatikizanso, dongosolo limakonzedwa panthawi yokonza. Ngakhale kuti ikhoza kukhazikitsidwa pambuyo pomaliza ntchitoyi, nkhaniyi idzapereka malangizo okhudza momwe mungachitire zimenezi panthawi ya kukhazikitsa.
Onaninso:
Kuika Debian 9
Ikani Linux Mint
Sakani Ubuntu
Sakani ndi kukonza CentOS 7
Kuika CentOS 7 kungakhoze kuchitidwa kuchokera pa galimoto ya USB galasi kapena CD / DVD, kotero choyamba kukonzekera galimoto yokwana 2 GB.
Ndikofunikira kupanga chofunikira chofunikira: kuyang'anitsitsa kuyang'aniridwa kwa gawo lirilonse la malangizo, popeza kuwonjezera pa kuikidwa kwanthawi zonse, mudzakhazikitsa dongosolo lamtsogolo. Ngati mumanyalanyaza zigawo zina kapena kuziyika molakwika, ndiye mutatha kugwiritsa ntchito CentOS 7 pa kompyuta yanu mungakumane ndi zolakwika zambiri.
Gawo 1: Sungani kufalitsa
Choyamba muyenera kutsegula njira yoyendetsera yokha. Tikulimbikitsidwa kuti tichite zimenezi kuchokera pa malo ovomerezeka kuti tipeĊµe mavuto pakagwiritsidwe ntchito kachitidwe. Komanso, magwero osakhulupirika akhoza kukhala ndi zithunzi za OS zomwe zili ndi mavairasi.
Koperani CentOS 7 kuchokera pa webusaitiyi
Pogwiritsa ntchito chiyanjano chapamwamba, mutengedwera ku tsamba lomasulira la kapangidwe kabwino.
Mukamasankha, sungani voliyumu ya galimoto yanu. Kotero, ngati ilo liri ndi GB 16, sankhani "Chilichonse ISO", potero mudzayambitsa dongosolo la opaleshoni ndi zigawo zonse panthawi imodzi.
Dziwani: ngati mutsegula CentOS 7 popanda kugwiritsa ntchito intaneti, muyenera kusankha njira iyi.
Version "DVD ISO" Imalemera pafupifupi 3.5 GB, kotero imanani ngati muli ndi magalimoto a USB kapena disk ya 4 GB. "Minimal ISO" - gawo lopepuka kwambiri. Imalemera pafupifupi 1 GG, popeza ilibe zigawo zingapo, mwachitsanzo, palibe chisankho chokhazikika, ndiko kuti, ngati mulibe intaneti, ndiye kuti mumayika seva ya CentOS 7.
Dziwani: mutatha makina, mukhoza kukhazikitsa kompyuta GUI kuchokera pa seva ya OS.
Atatsimikiza kachitidwe ka ntchito, dinani botani yoyenera pa webusaitiyi. Pambuyo pake, mudzatengedwera pa tsamba posankha galasi kuchokera komwe udzasungidwa.
Tikulimbikitsanso kumasula OS kuchokera kumalumikizano omwe ali mu gululo "Dziko Leniweni"Izi zidzakupatsani maulendo apamwamba othamanga.
Gawo 2: Kupanga galimoto yoyambira
Pambuyo pake chithunzi chogawidwa chikumasulidwa ku kompyuta, chiyenera kulembedwa ku galimotoyo. Monga tafotokozera pamwambapa, chifukwa cha izi mungagwiritse ntchito magetsi a USB ndi CD / DVD. Pali njira zambiri zochitira ntchitoyi, ndi onse omwe mungapeze pa webusaiti yathu.
Zambiri:
Tikulemba fano la OS pa galimoto ya USB flash
Lembani chithunzi cha OS kuti chisokoneze
Khwerero 3: Kuyambira PC kuchokera ku galimoto yoyendetsa galimoto
Mukakhala kale ndi galimoto ndi zithunzi za CentOS 7 zolembedwa, muyenera kuziyika mu PC yanu ndikuziyika. Pa kompyuta iliyonse imachitidwa mosiyana, zimadalira mtundu wa BIOS. M'munsimu muli maulumikizidwe kwa zipangizo zonse zofunika, zomwe zimatiuza momwe mungayankhire ma BIOS ndi momwe mungayambire kompyuta kuchokera pagalimoto.
Zambiri:
PC kuthamanga kuchoka pagalimoto
Pezani ndondomeko ya BIOS
Khwerero 4: Zisanachitike
Mukayambitsa kompyuta, mudzawona mndandanda yomwe mukufuna kudziwa momwe dongosololi layikidwa. Pali njira ziwiri zomwe mungasankhe kuchokera:
- Ikani CentOS Linux 7 - kuikidwa kosayenera;
- Yesani nkhaniyi ndi kuika CentOS Linux 7 - kukhazikitsa mutatha kuyendetsa galimoto chifukwa cha zolakwa zazikulu.
Ngati muli otsimikiza kuti fomu yamakonoyo inalembedwa popanda zolakwika, sankhani chinthu choyamba ndikuchotsa Lowani. Apo ayi, sankhani chinthu chachiwiri kuti mutsimikizire kukwanira kwa chithunzi cholembedwa.
Chotsatira chimayambitsa chosungira.
Njira yonse yoyenera kukhazikitsa dongosololi ingagawidwe mu magawo:
- Sankhani kuchokera mndandanda wa chinenero ndi mtundu wake. Chisankho chanu chidzadalira chilankhulo cha mawu omwe adzasonyezedwe mu chosungira.
- Mu menyu yaikulu, dinani pa chinthucho "Tsiku ndi Nthawi".
- Mu mawonekedwe omwe akuwonekera, sankhani nthawi yanu. Izi zikhoza kuchitika m'njira ziwiri: dinani pa mapu kwa malo anu kapena musankhe pamndandanda "Chigawo" ndi "Mzinda"yomwe ili kumbali yakumanzere kumanzere pawindo.
Pano mungathe kudziwa mtundu wa nthawi yosonyezedwa m'dongosolo: 24 ora kapena AM / PM. Kusintha komweku kumakhala pansi pazenera.
Mutasankha nthawi yochuluka, dinani "Wachita".
- Mu menyu yaikulu, dinani pa chinthucho "Kinkibodi".
- Kuchokera mndandanda pazenera lakumanzere, kukoketsani zofunikira za makiyi kuyenera. Kuti muchite izi, sankhani ndipo dinani pakani yoyenera pansi.
Zindikirani: dongosolo la makanema, lomwe lili pamwambapa, ndilo loyambirira, ndiko kuti, lidzasankhidwa mu OS musangoyimanga.
Mukhozanso kusintha makiyi kuti musinthe dongosolo mu dongosolo. Kuti muchite izi, muyenera kutsegula "Zosankha" ndi kuwalongosola pamanja (zosasintha ndizo Alt + Shift). Atatha, dinani pa batani. "Wachita".
- Mu menyu yaikulu, sankhani chinthucho "Tsamba la" Network & Host ".
- Ikani kusinthana kwa intaneti, komwe kuli kumtunda kwa kumanja kwazenera, mpaka "Yathandiza" ndipo lowetsani dzina la alendo mu gawo lapadera lothandizira.
Ngati makonzedwe a Ethernet omwe mumalandira sakhala ozungulira, motero, osati kudzera pa DHCP, ndiye muyenera kuwatumiza. Kuti muchite izi, dinani pa batani "Sinthani".
Kenako mu tab "General" ikani zolemba ziwiri zoyambirira. Izi zidzakupatsani ma intaneti pafupipafupi pamene mutayamba kompyuta yanu.
Tab "Ethernet" Kuchokera pandandanda, sankhani makanema anu ogwiritsira ntchito makanema omwe ogwiritsira ntchito chingwe akugwirizanako.
Tsopano pitani ku tabu "IPv4", fotokozani njira yosinthira monga buku ndikulembera deta zonse zomwe wapatsidwa ndi wothandizira.
Mukamaliza masitepe, kumbukirani kusunga kusintha, ndiye dinani "Wachita".
- Mu menyu, dinani "Kusankha Pulogalamu".
- M'ndandanda "Malo Oyamba" Sankhani malo okhala ndi desktop omwe mukufuna kuwona mu CentOS 7. Pogwiritsa ntchito dzina lake, mukhoza kuwerenga mwachidule. Muzenera "Zowonjezera pa malo osankhidwa" sankhani mapulogalamu omwe muyenera kuwakhazikitsa.
Dziwani: mapulogalamu onse omwe angathenso amatha kuwombola pambuyo pa kukhazikitsa dongosolo.
Pambuyo pake, kuyambitsirana kwa kachitidwe ka mtsogolo kumaonedwa kuti kwatha. Kenaka, muyenera kugawa diski ndikupanga ogwiritsa ntchito.
Gawo lachisanu: Disk Partitioning
Kugawa gawo la diski pakuyika kachitidwe ka ntchito ndi sitepe yofunikira kwambiri, kotero muyenera kuwerenga mosamala malangizo awa pansipa.
Poyambirira, mukuyenera kupita kuwindo lakumbuyo. Kwa izi:
- Mu menyu yaikulu ya installer, sankhani "Malo oyika".
- Pawindo limene likuwonekera, sankhani galimoto imene CentOS 7 idzaikidwe, ndipo ikani kasinthasintha "Zina zosungiramo zosungirako" mu malo "Ndidzaika zigawo". Pambuyo pake "Wachita".
Zindikirani: ngati mutayika CentOS 7 pazomwe mulibe disk, ndiye sankhani "kupanga mapepala okhaokha".
Tsopano muli muwindo ladongosolo. Chitsanzocho chimagwiritsa ntchito diski yomwe mapulogalamu adalengedwera kale, mwa inu simungakhalepo. Ngati palibe malo omasuka pa diski yovuta, ndiye kuti muyike OS, muyenera choyamba kugawira izo pochotsa magawo osayenera. Izi zachitika motere:
- Sankhani gawo lomwe mukufuna kuchotsa. Kwa ife "/ boot".
- Dinani batani "-".
- Onetsetsani zomwe mukuchita powonjezera pa batani. "Chotsani" muwindo lomwe likuwonekera.
Pambuyo pake, magawowa adzachotsedwa. Ngati mukufuna kutsuka diski yanu kuchokera ku magawo, ndiye chitani opaleshoniyi payekha.
Kenaka, muyenera kupanga magawo kuti muikepo CentOS 7. Pali njira ziwiri zomwe mungachitire: mwadzidzidzi komanso mwadongosolo. Yoyamba ikuphatikizapo kusankha chinthu Dinani apa kuti muwapange iwo mosavuta ".
Koma ndikuyenera kuzindikira kuti installer amapereka kuti apange 4 zigawo: kunyumba, mizu, / boot ndi kusinthanitsa magawano. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, izi zidzangokhalapo zokhazokha.
Ngati chithunzichi chikukugwirani, dinani "Wachita", mwinamwake mukhoza kupanga zigawo zonse zofunika. Tsopano ife tifotokoza momwe tingachitire izo:
- Dinani pa batani ndi chizindikiro "+"kutsegula zenera popanga malo okwera.
- Muwindo lomwe likuwonekera, sankhani malo otsetsereka ndikufotokozera kukula kwa chigawocho.
- Dinani batani "Kenako".
Pambuyo popanga gawolo, mutha kusintha magawo ena kumbali yakumanja yazenera.
Zindikirani: ngati mulibe chidziwitso chokwanira pa disk partitioning, sikuvomerezeka kuti zisinthidwe ku magawo omwe mudapanga. Mwachikhazikitso, chokhazikitsacho chimakhazikitsa zolinga zabwino.
Kudziwa kupanga mapepala, kugawa disk pa chifuniro. Ndipo panikizani batani "Wachita". Pang'ono ndi pang'ono, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti tipange gawo la mizu, lowonetsedwa ndi chizindikiro "/" ndi kusinthanitsa magawano - "sintha".
Pambuyo kuwonekera "Wachita" Awindo adzawonekera, kulemba zonse zomwe zasintha. Lembani mwatcheru lipoti ndipo, popanda kuzindikira chilichonse chowonjezera, dinani "Landirani Kusintha". Ngati pali kusiyana pakati pa mndandanda umene mwachitapo kale, dinani "Tsekani ndi kubwerera kuyika magawo".
Pambuyo pa disk layout, gawo lomalizira, lomalizira la kukhazikitsa dongosolo la ntchito ya CentOS 7 lidalipobe.
Gawo 6: Malizitsani kukonza
Pogwiritsa ntchito disk partitioning, mudzatengedwera ku mndandanda waukulu, pomwe mukuyenera kudina "Yambani kuyambitsa".
Pambuyo pake udzatengedwera kuwindo. "Zokonda Zamtundu"kumene muyenera kuchita masitepe ochepa:
- Choyamba, yesani mawu achinsinsi. Kuti muchite izi, dinani pa chinthucho "Mawu achinsinsi".
- Mphindi yoyamba, lowetsani mawu achinsinsi omwe mwasankha, kenaka mulowetsenso m'mbali yachiwiri, kenako dinani "Wachita".
Zindikirani: ngati mutalowa mawonekedwe achinsinsi, ndiye mutatha kuwonekera "Done" dongosololi lidzakufunsani kuti mulowemo zovuta kwambiri. Uthenga uwu ukhoza kunyalanyazidwa powonjezera bululo "Limaliza" kachiwiri.
- Tsopano mukufunika kupanga munthu watsopano ndikumupatsa ufulu wolamulira. Izi zidzawonjezera chitetezo cha dongosolo. Poyamba, dinani pa chinthucho "Pangani wosuta".
- Muwindo latsopano muyenera kukhazikitsa dzina lanu, lowetsani ndi kukhazikitsa achinsinsi.
Chonde dziwani kuti kuti mulowetse dzina, mungagwiritse ntchito chilankhulo chilichonse ndi mndandanda wa makalata, pamene dzina lalowelo liyenera kulowetsedwa pogwiritsa ntchito chithunzi chokhala pansi ndi Chingerezi.
- Musaiwale kupanga wopanga munthu kukhala woyang'anira mwa kufufuza bokosi loyenera.
Nthawi yonseyi, pamene mudalenga wosuta ndikuikapo mawu achinsinsi pa akaunti yodabwitsa, kuika kwanu kunali kumbuyo. Zonsezi zitatha, zatsala pang'ono kuyembekezera kuti ndondomekoyo ithe. Mukhoza kuyang'anitsitsa kayendetsedwe kake pazenera zomwe zili pansi pazenera.
Mukangofika pamapeto, muyenera kuyambanso kompyuta. Kuti muchite izi, dinani pa batani la dzina lomwelo, mutachotsa kanema wa USB kapena CD / DVD ndi chithunzi cha OS kuchokera pa kompyuta.
Pamene kompyuta ikuyamba, mndandanda wa GRUB udzawoneka, momwe muyenera kusankha njira yoyendetsera ntchito. CentOS 7 inayikidwa pa diski yoyera bwino, kotero pali zilembo ziwiri zokha mu GRUB:
Ngati mwaika CentOS 7 pafupi ndi njira ina yothandizira, padzakhala mzere wina mu menyu. Kuti muyambe njira yatsopanoyi, muyenera kusankha "CentOS Linux 7 (Core), ndi Linux 3.10.0-229.e17.x86_64".
Kutsiliza
Mutatha kuyambitsa CentOS 7 kudzera pa bootloader ya GRUB, muyenera kusankha wosankhidwayo ndikuikapo mawu ake achinsinsi. Chotsatira chake, mudzatengedwera kudeskitulo, ngati wina wasankhidwa kuti awoneke panthawi yowakhazikitsa. Ngati mwachita chilichonse chomwe chafotokozedwa m'mawu ake, ndiye kuti kukhazikitsidwa kwadongosolo sikofunika, monga momwe kunkachitidwira kale, mwinamwake zinthu zina sizingagwire ntchito molondola.
