Pakati pa mawu osiyanasiyana omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pogwiritsa ntchito Microsoft Excel, muyenera kusankha ntchito zomveka. Zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kusonyeza kukwaniritsidwa kwa zikhalidwe zosiyanasiyana mwa njira. Komanso, ngati zikhalidwe zokha zikhoza kukhala zosiyana, zotsatira za ntchito zomveka zingatenge zokhazokha ziwiri: chikhalidwe chikukwaniritsidwa (Zoona) ndipo vutoli silinakumanepo (ZOKHUDZA). Tiyeni tiwone bwinobwino zomwe zogwira ntchito mu Excel zili.
Ogwira ntchito yaikulu
Pali ogwira ntchito ambiri a ntchito zomveka. Mwazinthu zazikulu, zotsatirazi ziyenera kufotokozedwa:
- Zoona;
- ZOKHUDZA;
- IF;
- ERROR;
- OR;
- Ndipo;
- OSAYAMBA;
- ERROR;
- KUYAMBIRA.
Pali zovuta zambiri zomwe zimagwira ntchito.
Aliyense wa opita pamwambapa, kupatula pa awiri oyambirira, ali ndi zifukwa. Mikangano ingakhale mwina manambala kapena malemba, kapena maumboni omwe akusonyeza adiresi ya maselo a deta.
Ntchito Zoona ndi ZOKHUDZA
Woyendetsa Zoona amalandira mtengo wapadera wokhazikika. Ntchitoyi ilibe zifukwa, ndipo, monga lamulo, nthawi zambiri ndi mbali ya mawu ovuta kwambiri.
Woyendetsa ZOKHUDZAM'malo mwake, amavomereza phindu lililonse lomwe siloona. Mofananamo, ntchitoyi ilibe zifukwa ndipo imaphatikizidwa m'mawu ovuta kwambiri.
Ntchito Ndipo ndi Kapena
Ntchito Ndipo ndi kugwirizana pakati pa zinthu zingapo. Pokhapokha ngati zinthu zonsezi zikugwirizana, kodi zimabwerera Zoona. Ngati kukangana kumodzi kumapereka mtengo ZOKHUDZAndiye woyendetsa Ndipo kawirikawiri amabwereranso mtengo womwewo. Mawonedwe ambiri a ntchito iyi:= Ndipo (log_value1; log_value2; ...). Ntchitoyi ingaphatikizepo kuchokera pa 1 mpaka 255 zokangana.
Ntchito Kapena, mmalo mwake, amabweretsanso mtengo, CHOKHULUPIRIRO, ngakhale chimodzi mwazifukwa zikugwirizana ndi zikhalidwe, ndipo zina zonse ndi zabodza. Chikhomo chake chili motere:= Ndipo (log_value1; log_value2; ...). Monga ntchito yapitayi, wogwiritsira ntchito Kapena Mungaphatikizepo kuyambira 1 mpaka 255.
Ntchito OSATI
Mosiyana ndi ziganizo ziwiri zapitazo, ntchitoyi OSATI Icho chiri ndi kukangana kumodzi kokha. Zimasintha tanthauzo la mawuwo Zoona on ZOKHUDZA mu danga la ndondomeko yeniyeniyo. Syntax yowonjezereka ndi yotsatira:= SABWINO.
Ntchito NGATI ndi ERROR
Kuti mudziwe zambiri, gwiritsani ntchito ntchitoyi NGATI. Mawu awa akuwonetsa ndendende kuti ndi chiani Zoonandi chiyani ZOKHUDZA. Zonsezi ndizo:= IF (boolean_sxpression; value_if_es_far_; value_if-false). Choncho, ngati vutoli litakwaniritsidwa, deta yomwe idatchulidwa kale imadzazidwa mu selo yomwe ili ndi ntchitoyi. Ngati vutoli silinakwaniritsidwe, selo yadzaza ndi deta ina yomwe imatchulidwa pazitsutso lachitatu la ntchitoyi.
Woyendetsa ERROR, ngati mkangano uli woona, ubwezeretsanso mtengo wake ku selo. Koma, ngati kukangana kuli kosavomerezeka, ndiye kuti ubwino wobwezeredwa ndi wogwiritsa ntchito umabweretsedwa ku selo. Chidule cha ntchitoyi, yomwe ili ndi zifukwa ziwiri zokha, ndi izi:= ERROR (mtengo; value_if_fault).
Phunziro: Ngati akugwira ntchito mu Excel
Ntchito ERROR ndi KUYAMBIRA
Ntchito ERROR amafufuza ngati selo inayake kapena maselo ambiri ali ndi zolakwika. Pansi pa mfundo zolakwika ndi izi:
- # N / A;
- #VALUE;
- #NUM!;
- # DEL / 0!;
- # LINK!;
- # NAME?;
- # NULL!
Malingana ndi kukangana kosavomerezeka kapena ayi, woyendetsa ndege akuwonetsa mtengo Zoona kapena ZOKHUDZA. Chidule cha ntchitoyi ndi ichi:= ERROR (mtengo). Kukangana ndikutanthauza khungu kapena maselo osiyanasiyana.
Woyendetsa KUYAMBIRA imapangitsa selo kusamala ngati ilibe kanthu kapena liri ndi ziyeso. Ngati selo ilibe kanthu, ntchitoyo imapereka mtengo Zoonangati selo liri ndi deta - ZOKHUDZA. Chidule cha mawu awa ndi:= CORRECT (mtengo). Monga momwe zinalili kale, kukangana ndikokutanthauza selo kapena gulu.
Chitsanzo cha ntchito
Tsopano tiyeni tiganizire momwe ntchito zina zapamwambazi zikugwirira ntchito ndi chitsanzo chapadera.
Tili ndi mndandanda wa antchito omwe ali ndi malipiro awo. Koma, kuwonjezera apo, antchito onse adalandira bonasi. Kawirikawiri premium ndi ma ruble 700. Koma anthu ogwira ntchito pantchito komanso amayi ali ndi ufulu wokhala ndi makina 1,000. Kupatulapo ndi antchito omwe, chifukwa cha zifukwa zosiyanasiyana, agwira ntchito masiku osachepera 18 m'mwezi woperekedwa. Mulimonsemo, iwo ali ndi ufulu wokhala ndi phindu lalikulu la ma ruble 700.
Tiyeni tiyesere kupanga mayendedwe. Kotero, ife tiri ndi zikhalidwe ziwiri, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti chiwerengero cha 1000 rubles chikhale choyambirira - ndicho kufika ku zaka zapuma pantchito kapena kukhala wogwira ntchito kwa chiwerewere. Pa nthawi yomweyi, tidzasankha onse omwe anabadwa chaka cha 1957 asanakwatirane. Kwa ife, pa mzere woyamba wa tebulo, ndondomekoyi idzawoneka monga iyi:= IF (OR (C4 <1957; D4 = "akazi"); "1000"; "700"). Koma musaiwale kuti chofunikira choti muwonjezeko kulipira ntchito masiku 18 kapena kuposerapo. Kuti tilowetse vutoli mumagulu athu, gwiritsani ntchito ntchitoyi OSATI:= IF (OR (C4 <1957; D4 = "wamkazi") * (NOT (E4 <18)); "1000"; "700").
Kuti mutengere ntchitoyi mu maselo a m'ndandanda wa tebulo, komwe mtengo wamtengo wapatali umasonyezedwa, timakhala chithunzithunzi kumbali ya kumanja ya selo yomwe ili kale ndondomeko. Chizindikiro chodzaza chikuwonekera. Ingokukoka mpaka kumapeto kwa tebulo.
Kotero, ife tinalandira tebulo ndi chidziwitso cha kuchuluka kwa mphotho kwa wogwira ntchito aliyense wa malonda padera.
Phunziro: ntchito zothandiza zapamwamba kwambiri
Monga mukuonera, ntchito zomveka ndi chida chothandizira kupanga mawerengedwe mu Microsoft Excel. Pogwiritsa ntchito ntchito zovuta, mungathe kukhazikitsa zinthu zingapo panthawi imodzi ndikupeza zotsatirapo malingana ndi momwe izi zikukwaniritsidwira kapena ayi. Kugwiritsa ntchito malemba amenewa kumatha kupanga zochita zingapo, zomwe zimapulumutsa nthawi yogwiritsira ntchito.
