Linux ndi dzina la banja lokhala ndi mawonekedwe otseguka pogwiritsa ntchito kernel ya Linux. Pali magawo ambirimbiri omwe amagawidwa. Zonsezi, monga lamulo, zimaphatikizapo zofunikira zowonjezera, mapulogalamu, komanso zowonjezera zina. Chifukwa cha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa maofesi osiyanasiyana ndi zoonjezera, zofunikira pa msonkhano uliwonse ndizosiyana kwambiri, choncho ndizofunika kuzifotokozera. Lero tikufuna kukambirana za magawo omwe akulimbikitsidwa, potsatira chitsanzo chodziwika kwambiri pakali pano.
Zosakaniza zofunikira za zosiyanasiyana zogawa za Linux
Tidzayesa kufotokozera mwatsatanetsatane zofunikira pa msonkhano uliwonse, poganizira momwe mungayankhire malo osungirako maofesi, popeza izi nthawi zina zimakhudza kwambiri zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi dongosolo. Ngati simunasankhepo kugawa katundu, tikukulangizani kuti mudzidziwe nokha nkhani yotsatirayi, komwe mungaphunzire zonse zomwe mukufunikira zokhudzana ndi Linux zowonjezera, ndipo tikupita kukasanthula zida zamtundu wa hardware.
Onaninso: Maofesi ambiri a Linux
Ubuntu
Ubuntu amawoneka kuti ndiwopangidwa kwambiri ndi Linux ndipo akulimbikitsidwa kuti azigwiritsa ntchito kunyumba. Tsopano zosintha zikumasulidwa mwakhama, zolakwika zikukhazikitsidwa ndipo OS imakhazikika, kotero ikhoza kusungidwa kwaulere kwaulere ndipo imayikidwa palimodzi pambali ndi pa Windows. Mukamasunga maulendo a Ubuntu, mumapeza mu chigamba cha Gnome, kotero tidzakupatsani zofunikira zomwe mukuzitenga kuchokera ku gwero la boma.
- 2 gigabytes oposa RAM;
- Pulogalamu yamakono yapakati pafupipafupi ndi 1.6 GHz;
- Khadi la Video lokhala ndi dalaivala (kuchuluka kwa zithunzi zojambula sizilibe kanthu);
- Kumbukirani makalata 5 GB of disk hard to install and 25 GB ufulu kuti kupulumutsa mafayilo patsogolo.
Zofunikira izi ndizofunikira kwa zipolopolo - Unity ndi KDE. Pa Openbox, XFCE, Mate, LXDE, Chidziwitso, Fluxbox, IceWM - kwa iwo mungagwiritse ntchito 1 GB ya RAM ndi pulojekiti imodzi yokha ndi 1.3 GHz.
Mankhwala a Linux
Nthaŵi zonse Linux Mint ilimbikitsidwa kwa oyamba kumene kuti adziŵe ndi ntchito ya kugawa kwa dongosolo lino. Kukonzekera kwa Ubuntu kunatengedwa ngati maziko, kotero zofunikira zoyenera dongosolo ndi zofanana ndi zomwe mwawerenga pamwambapa. Zokhazo zatsopano ziŵiri zatsopano ndi khadi la kanema lokhala ndi chisankho cha 1024x768 ndi 3G RAM ya KDE. Zochepera zikuwoneka ngati izi:
- pulojekiti ya x86 (32-bit). Kwa ma-64-bit OS version, motere, 64-bit CPU amafunikanso; mawonekedwe a 32-bit amagwira ntchito pazinthu zonse za x86 ndi 64-bit;
- Ma megabyte 512 a RAM a Cinnamon, XFCE ndi MATE zipolopolo komanso 2 a KDE;
- Kuchokera pa 9 GB malo opanda ufulu pa galimoto;
- Magulu a adapala iliyonse omwe dalaivala aikidwa.
ELEMENTARY OS
Owerenga ambiri amaganiza kuti ELEMENTARY OS ndi yokongola kwambiri. Ogwiritsira ntchito amagwiritsa ntchito chida chawo chotchedwa Phanteon, ndipo motero amapereka zofuna zapamwamba makamaka pazomwezi. Palibe chidziwitso pa webusaiti yathu yovomerezeka yokhudzana ndi magawo ochepa omwe akufunika, kotero tikupempha kuti mudzidziwe nokha ndi omwe akulimbikitsidwa.
- Intel Core i3 purosesa imodzi mwa mibadwo yatsopano (Skylake, Kaby Lake kapena Coffee Lake) yokhala ndi makina 64-bit, kapena wina aliyense CPU wofanana ndi mphamvu;
- 4 gigabytes a RAM;
- SSD ikuyenda ndi malo okwana 15 GB opanda ufulu - motsimikizira wogwiritsa ntchito, koma OS idzagwira ntchito mokwanira komanso ndi HDD yabwino;
- Kugwiritsa ntchito intaneti yogwira ntchito;
- Khadi ya Video yokhala ndi chithandizo chotsutsa cha 1024x768.
CentOS
Mtumiki wamba wa CentOS sadzakhala wokondweretsa, popeza omanga adasinthira makamaka ma seva. Pali mapulogalamu ambiri othandizira otsogolera, zolemba zosiyanasiyana zimathandizidwa, ndipo zosintha zimayikidwa mosavuta. Zomwe zimayenera pano ndi zosiyana kwambiri ndi zogawidwa kale, chifukwa abambo a seva adzawamvetsera.
- Palibe chithandizo cha mapulogalamu 32-bit based on architecture i386;
- Mawerengedwe ochepa a RAM ndi 1 GB, omwe akulimbikitsidwa ndi 1 GB pachindunji cha purosesa;
- Gawo 20 laulere la disk hard disk kapena SSD;
- Mawindo opitirira mafayilo a ext3 file system ndi 2 TB, ext4 ndi 16 TB;
- Kukula kwakukulu kwa fayilo ya ext3 ndi 16 TB, ext4 ndi 50 TB.
Debian
Sitingaphonye dongosolo la ntchito la Debian m'zinthu zathu lero, chifukwa ndizomwe zimakhazikika kwambiri. Anayang'anitsitsa zolakwa, onsewa anachotsedwa mwamsanga ndipo tsopano sakupezeka. Zokonzedweratu zomwe zimayendetsedwa ndi demokarasi, kotero Debian mu chipolopolo chirichonse chidzagwira bwino ngakhale pa hardware yochepa.
- 1 GB ya RAM kapena 512 MB popanda kukhazikitsa mafoni;
- 2 GB ya disk space free kapena GB 10 ndi kukhazikitsa mapulogalamu ena. Kuonjezera apo, mukuyenera kupereka malo kuti musunge maofesi anu;
- Palibe zoletsa pa opanga ntchito omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito;
- Khadi la Video ndi chithandizo cha woyendetsa woyendetsa.
Lubuntu
Lubuntu amadziwika kuti ndiwoperewera kwambiri, chifukwa palibe pafupifupi ntchito yokonza. Msonkhano uwu uli woyenera osati kwa eni eni makompyuta ofooka, komanso kwa ogwiritsa ntchito omwe ali ofunika kwambiri pa liwiro la OS. Lubuntu amagwiritsa ntchito malo osungirako maofesi a LXDE, omwe amakulolani kuti mugwiritse ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo. Zinthu zochepa zomwe zimayenera kutero ndi izi:
- 512 MB RAM, koma ngati mumagwiritsa ntchito osatsegula, ndibwino kuti mukhale ndi GB imodzi yokhala ndi mgwirizano wowongoka;
- Pentium 4, AMD K8 kapena njira yabwino, ndi liwiro la maola 800 MHz;
- Mphamvu yosungira yosungidwa - GB 20.
Gentoo
Gentoo imakopa ogwiritsa ntchito omwe akufuna kuphunzira momwe angakhalire ndikugwiritsa ntchito njira zina. Msonkhano uwu suli woyenera wogwiritsa ntchito, chifukwa ukufuna kuwonjezera zina ndi kukonzekera kwa zigawo zikuluzikulu, koma tikukupemphani kuti mudzidziwe nokha ndi zovomerezeka zowonjezera.
- Pulojekiti pamakono okwana i486 ndi apamwamba;
- 256-512 MB ya RAM;
- 3 GB yaulere disk danga lakayi pa kukhazikitsa OS;
- Malo pa fayilo yachikunja ya 256 MB kapena kuposa.
Manjaro
Akumapetowa akufuna kukambirana zapamwamba zomwe zimatchedwa Manjaro. Ikugwira ntchito pa KDE chilengedwe, ili ndi installer yokonzera bwino, ndipo siyiyenera kukhazikitsidwa ndi kukonza zigawo zina. Zofunikira zadongosolo ndi izi:
- 1 GB ya RAM;
- Malo osachepera 3 GB pazinthu zoikidwa;
- Pulogalamu yamakono yapakati pafupipafupi ya 1 GHz ndi pamwamba;
- Kugwiritsa ntchito intaneti yogwira ntchito;
- Khadi lojambula zithunzi ndi zothandizira mafilimu a HD.
Tsopano mukudziŵa zofunikira pa kompyuta pazinthu zisanu ndi zitatu zotchuka za machitidwe opangira Linux. Sankhani njira yabwino yopezera zolinga zanu ndi makhalidwe anu omwe akuwonekera lero.
