Pofuna kuyendetsa pulosesa, pamafunika kuzizira, zomwe zimadalira momwe zidzakhalire zabwino komanso ngati CPU sidzawonongeke. Kuti mupange chisankho choyenera, muyenera kudziwa kukula kwake ndi makhalidwe a chingwe, purosesa ndi bolodi. Apo ayi, dongosolo lozizira likhoza kukhazikika molakwika ndi / kapena kuwononga bokosilo.
Chofunika kuyang'ana choyamba
Ngati mukumanga makompyuta musanayambe kukambirana, muyenera kuganizira zomwe zili bwino - kugula zozizira zosiyana kapena zosungira bokosi, i.e. pulojekiti ndi dongosolo lozizira lozizira. Kugula purosesa yokhala ndi ozizira mkati kumapindulitsa kwambiri chifukwa dongosolo lozizira likugwirizana kale ndi chitsanzo ichi ndipo zipangizozi zimakhala zochepa kuposa kugula CPU ndi radiator padera.
Koma panthawi imodzimodziyo, kamangidwe kameneka kamapanga phokoso lambiri, ndipo pamene overclocking processor, dongosolo silingathe kupirira ndi katundu. Ndipo kuchotsa bokosi lozizira ndi losiyana likhoza kukhala kosatheka, kapena inu muyenera kutenga kompyuta ku msonkhano wapadera, kuyambira Kusintha kwa pakhomo pano sikuvomerezedwa. Choncho, ngati mutenga makompyuta ndi / kapena ndondomeko yowonjezera purosesa, yang'anani purosesa yosiyana ndi yozizira.
Posankha chozizira, muyenera kumvetsera magawo awiri a purosesa ndi maboardboard - zitsulo ndi kutaya kwa kutentha (TDP). Zitsulo ndizitsulo yapadera pa bokosi lamanja kumene CPU ndi ozizira zowonongeka. Posankha njira yoziziritsa, muyenera kuyang'ana kuti ndizitsulo zotani bwino (kawirikawiri, opanga okha amalemba makonzedwe ovomerezeka). TDP ya purosesa ndi chizindikiro cha kutentha komwe kumayambira ndi mapiritsi a CPU, omwe amayesedwa mu watts. Chizindikiro ichi, monga lamulo, chimasonyezedwa ndi wopanga CPU, ndipo opanga ozizira amalemba katundu wina wachitsanzo.
Makhalidwe ofunika
Choyamba, tcherani khutu ku mndandanda wa zitsulo zomwe zimagwirizana. Okonza nthawizonse amatchula mndandanda wa zitsulo zoyenera, kuyambira Iyi ndi mfundo yofunika kwambiri posankha dongosolo lozizira. Ngati muyesa kukhazikitsa heatsink pazitsulo zomwe sizinafotokozedwe ndi wopanga muzofotokozera, ndiye mutha kuswa chozizira ndi / kapena chingwe.
Chiwerengero chachikulu cha kutentha kwa dzuwa ndi chimodzi mwa magawo akuluakulu posankha ozizira kwa purosesa yogula kale. Zoona, TDP sichisonyezedwa nthawi zonse m'makhalidwe a ozizira. Kusiyana kwakukulu pakati pa TDP yogwira ntchito yozizira ndi CPU ndilololedwa (mwachitsanzo, TDP ili ndi 88W CPU ndi 85W kwa radiator). Koma ndi kusiyana kwakukulu, purosesayo idzawotha kwambiri ndipo idzakhala yosasinthika. Komabe, ngati TDP ya radiator ndi zambiri kuposa TDP ya pulosesa, ndiye kuti ndi zabwino, chifukwa mphamvu yowonjezera idzakhala yokwanira ndi zochulukira kuchita ntchito yake.
Ngati wopanga sakunena za TDP yazizizira, ndiye kuti mukhoza kuzipeza mwa kuwongolera pempho la intaneti, koma lamuloli likugwiritsidwa ntchito pokhapokha kwa zitsanzo zambiri.
Zojambula
Mapangidwe a ozizira amasiyana kwambiri malinga ndi mtundu wa radiator ndi kupezeka / kupezeka kwapadera kutentha mapaipi. Palinso kusiyana pakati pa zinthu zomwe mphepo imatulutsa ndi radiator yokha. Kwenikweni, mfundo yaikulu ndi pulasitiki, koma palinso mafano ndi aluminium ndi zitsulo zamitengo.
Chofunika kwambiri pa bajeti ndi njira yoziziritsira yokhala ndi aluminiyumu radiator, yopanda mitsuko yotentha. Zitsanzo zoterozo zimasiyana ndi zochepa zochepa ndi mtengo wochepa, koma siziyeneretsedwe kwa opanga mapulogalamu ocheperapo kapena opanga mapulogalamu omwe akukonzekera kuti adzalandidwa m'tsogolomu. Nthawi zambiri zimaphatikizidwa ndi CPU. Chochititsa chidwi ndi kusiyana kwa mawonekedwe a radiator - kwa AMD CPUs, radiators ndizitali, ndi Intel kuzungulira.
Zowonongeka ndi ma radiator ochokera kumapangidwe apamwamba ndi osachedwa nthawi, koma adakali kugulitsidwa. Mapangidwe awo ndi radiator yokhala ndi alumikizidwe a aluminium ndi mbale zamkuwa. Iwo ndi otchipa kwambiri kusiyana ndi anzawo omwe ali ndi mapaipi a kutentha, pamene khalidwe lozizira silili pansi. Koma chifukwa chakuti zitsanzozi zatha nthawi, zimakhala zovuta kusankha chingwe choyenera. Kawirikawiri, ma radiatorwa alibe kachilombo kosiyana kuchokera kwa aluminiyumu.
Radiyo yachitsulo yosanjikizika yomwe ili ndi mapaipi amkuwa chifukwa cha kutaya kwa kutentha ndi mtundu wina wa mtengo wotsika mtengo, koma wamakono komanso wabwino. Kujambula kwakukulu kwa mapangidwe, komwe zimapangidwa ndi mkuwa, ndi kukula kwakukulu, komwe sikuloleza kukhazikitsa mapangidwe oterowo mumagulu ang'onoang'ono ndi / kapena pa bolodi yotsika mtengo, Iye akhoza kuswa pansi pa kulemera kwake. Komanso, kutentha konse kumachotsedwa kupyolera m'mabotolo motsogoleredwa ndi bokosilo, lomwe, ngati chipangizochi chili ndi mpweya wabwino, zimachepetsetsa bwino kuti matopewo akhale opanda pake.
Pali mitundu yambiri yokwera mtengo ya ma radiator omwe ali ndi machubu amkuwa, omwe amaikidwa mu malo ofunikira, m'malo mopanda malire, omwe amawalola kuti akonzedwe mu dongosolo laling'ono. Kuwonjezera apo, kutentha kwa ma tubes kumapita mmwamba, osati ku bolobhodi. Zosungunuka ndi mapaipi otentha amkuwa ndizothandiza kwambiri zothandizira zamphamvu ndi zamtengo wapatali, koma ziri ndi zofunika kwambiri pazitsulo chifukwa cha kukula kwake.
Mphamvu ya ozizira ndi mitsuko yamkuwa imadalira chiwerengero cha zotsirizazo. Kwa mapurosesa ochokera pakati, omwe TDP ndi ma Watto 80-100, zitsanzo ndi mazira 3-4 amkuwa ndi angwiro. Kwa mapurosesa amphamvu oposa 110-180 W, zitsanzo zopangira 6 ziyizi zikufunika kale. Makhalidwe a radiator samalemba kawirikawiri chiwerengero cha ma tubes, koma amatha kudziwika mosavuta ndi chithunzi.
Ndikofunika kumvetsera pansi pa ozizira. Zitsanzo zamtengo wapatali zimakhala zotchipa, koma fumbi lomwe ndi lovuta kuyeretsa limathamanga mofulumira kwa ojambulidwa ndi radiator. Palinso zitsanzo zotsika zotsika mtengo, zomwe zimakonda kwambiri, ngakhale zitakhala zochepa. Ndibwino kuti musankhe chozizira, kumene kuwonjezera pa maziko olimba palipadera mkuwa, kuyambira pamenepo Zimapangitsa kuti ma radiators azikhala otsika kwambiri.
Mu gawo lamtengo wapatali, ma radiator okhala ndi mkuwa kapena kuwonana mwachindunji ndi purosesa pamwamba akugwiritsidwa ntchito kale. Mphamvu zonsezi ndizofanana, koma njira yachiwiri ndi yochepa komanso yokwera mtengo.
Komanso, posankha radiator, nthawi zonse muzimvetsera kulemera ndi miyeso ya mawonekedwe. Mwachitsanzo, chimbudzi chokhala ndi nsanja chomwe chimapita kumtunda chimakhala ndi masentimita 160 mm, chomwe chimapangitsa kuti chiyike pamagulu ang'onoang'ono komanso / kapena vuto laling'ono la ma bokosi. Kulemera kwake kozizira kumakhala pafupifupi 400-500 g kwa makompyuta a zokolola zambiri ndi 500-1000 g kwa masewera ndi masewera olimbitsa thupi.
Zojambula Zotsanzira
Chinthu choyamba muyenera kumvetsera kukula kwa firiki, chifukwa Phokoso la phokoso, kumasuka kwa mmalo mwachangu ndi khalidwe la ntchito zimadalira iwo. Pali mitundu itatu ya kukula:
- 80 × 80 mm. Zitsanzo zimenezi ndi zotsika mtengo ndipo zimakhala zosavuta kusintha. Palibe mavuto omwe amapezeka ngakhale m'mabwalo ang'onoang'ono. Kawirikawiri amabwera ndi otsika mtengo kwambiri. Zimabweretsa phokoso lambiri ndipo silingathe kupirira mapulosesa amphamvu;
- 92 × 92 mm ali kale kukula kwa fan fan kuti mukhale ozizira. Zimakhalanso zovuta kukhazikitsa, zimapanga phokoso locheperapo ndipo zimatha kulimbana ndi kuzizira kwa mapulogalamu a mtengo wapakati, koma ndi okwera mtengo;
- 120 × 120 mm - masewera a kukula uku angapezeke mu makina apamwamba kapena osewera. Amapereka ubwino wozizira kwambiri, samabweretsa phokoso lambiri, ndi kosavuta kuti apeze malo m'malo mwa kusweka. Koma panthawi imodzimodziyo, mtengo wa ozizira, womwe uli ndi fanasi ndi wapamwamba kwambiri. Ngati mphunzitsi wa miyeso yotereyo adagulidwa payekha, ndiye kuti pangakhale mavuto ena ndi kuika kwake pa radiator.
Mafomu a 140 × 140 mm ndi aakulu angapezekanso, koma izi zakhala zikugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa makina a masewera otchuka, omwe pulosesa ili ndi katundu wolemera kwambiri. Mafani amenewo ndi ovuta kupeza pamsika, ndipo mtengo wawo sudzakhala wa demokarasi.
Perekani chidwi kwambiri pa zowonjezera mitundu, monga Phokoso la phokoso limadalira pa iwo. Pali atatu mwa iwo:
- Sleeve Kukula ndi yotchipa komanso yosakhulupirika kwambiri. Wowonongeka, womwe uli ndi zotsatira zotere mumapangidwe ake, umabala phokoso lina;
- Kutenga mpira - kuthana ndi mpira wodalirika, kumawononga zambiri, komanso kulibe phokoso lochepa;
- Kukula kwa Hydro ndikophatikizapo kudalirika ndi khalidwe. Ili ndi dongosolo la hydrodynamic, limapangitsa pafupifupi phokoso, koma ndi lopanda mtengo.
Ngati simukusowa phokoso lopuma, ndiye kuti yang'anirani chiwerengero cha zotsutsana pa mphindi. 2000-4000 kusintha kwa mphindi kumapangitsa kuti phokoso lazizira likhale losiyana kwambiri. Kuti musamve ntchito ya makompyuta, ndi bwino kuti muzisamala zitsanzo ndi liwiro la 800-1500 pa miniti. Koma panthawi yomweyi, onetsetsani kuti ngati firimuyo ndi yaing'ono, ndiye kuti liwiro liyenera kusiyana pakati pa 3000-4000 pa mphindi kuti munthu wozizira azilimbana ndi ntchito yake. Zowonjezera zazikuluzikulu zimakhala zochepa kwambiri, sizingapangitse kuti zisinthike pa mphindi kuti zisawonongeke.
Komanso tcherani khutu ku chiwerengero cha mafani mumapangidwe. Mu bajeti zowonjezereka kamodzi kokha kamagwiritsidwa ntchito, ndipo podula kwambiri pangakhale awiri kapena atatu. Pachifukwa ichi, liwiro lozungulira ndi phokoso likhoza kukhala lochepa kwambiri, koma sipadzakhala mavuto ndi ubwino wa kukonzanso kwa pulosesa.
Zowonjezera zina zimatha kusintha mawiro oyendayenda a mafani pokhapokha, malinga ndi katundu wamakono pa mapulogalamu a CPU. Ngati mutasankha dongosolo lozizira, ndiye fufuzani ngati bokosi lanu likuthandizira kuyendetsa mofulumira kudzera mwa wotsogolera wapadera. Samalani kukhalapo kwa ma CD ndi PWM ojambulira mu bokosilo. Chojambulira chofunidwa chimadalira mtundu wa kugwirizana - 3-pin kapena 4-pin. Opanga ozizira amasonyeza zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pophatikizapo momwe kugwirizana kwa bokosilo lidzachitikire.
Makhalidwe a ozizira amalembanso chinthu chomwecho "Kutuluka kwa mpweya", komwe kumayesedwa mu CFM (masentimita mapazi pamphindi). Pamwamba pa chiwerengerochi, mozizira kwambiri ntchitoyo imachita bwino, koma pamwambapo phokoso la phokoso lopangidwa. Ndipotu, chizindikiro ichi n'chofanana ndi chiwerengero cha machitidwe.
Mayiboardboard mount
Zowonjezera zazing'ono kapena zazikuluzikulu zimakhala zokhudzana ndi zida zapadera kapena zokopa zazing'ono, motero kupeĊµa mavuto angapo. Kuphatikiza apo, malangizo ophatikizidwa amapezeka, komwe kunalembedwa momwe angakonzekere ndi zomwe zikuluzikulu zingagwiritsidwe ntchito pa izi.
Zidzakhala zovuta kuthana ndi zitsanzo zomwe zimafuna kupititsa patsogolo, chifukwa Pachifukwa ichi, bokosi lamakono ndi makompyuta ayenera kukhala ndi miyeso yofunikira kuti aike choyikapo chapadera kumbali ya kumbuyo kwa bokosilo. Pachifukwa chotsatira, kompyutayo sayenera kukhala ndi malo okwanira okha, komanso pulogalamu yapadera kapena zenera, zomwe zimakulowetsani kuti muyike bwino kwambiri popanda mavuto.
Pankhani yowonongeka kwakukulu, ndiye ndi momwe mungayikiritsire, ndikudalira chingwe. Kawirikawiri, izi zidzakhala mabotolo apadera.
Musanalowetse ozizira, purosesayo iyenera kuyendetsedwa ndi kusakaniza pasadakhale. Ngati uli ndi phulusa losakanizika, chotsani ndi swab ya thonje kapena tiyiketi yothira mu mowa ndikugwiritsanso ntchito yosanjikiza. Ena opanga ozizira amaika thermopaste yodzaza ndi ozizira. Ngati pali phala lotere, ndiye likugwiritseni ntchito, ngati ayi, ndiye dzigulireni nokha. Palibe chofunikira kupulumutsa pa mfundo iyi, bwino kugula chubu yapamwamba kwambiri yamadzimadzi osakaniza, omwe adzakhalanso ndi burashi yapadera ya ntchito. Mafuta obiriwira otsika amatha nthawi yaitali ndikupereka bwino kwa pulosesa.
Phunziro: Ikani mafuta achitsulo kwa pulosesa
Mndandanda wa otchuka opanga
Makampani otsatirawa amasangalala kwambiri ndi msika wa Russia ndi mayiko ena:
- Noctua ndi kampani ya ku Austria yomwe imapanga machitidwe a mpweya kuti azizizira zigawo zikuluzikulu za makompyuta, kuyambira pa makompyuta aakulu a seva kupita ku zipangizo zing'onozing'ono. Zamagulu kuchokera kwa wopangazi amasiyanitsidwa ndipamwamba kwambiri ndi phokoso lochepa, koma ndi okwera mtengo. Kampani ikupereka chitsimikizo cha miyezi 72 pazogulitsa zake zonse;
- Scythe ndi Japanese yofanana ndi Noctua. Kusiyana kokha kwa mpikisano wa ku Austria ndi mtengo wotsikirapo wa katundu ndi kusowa kwa chitsimikizo cha miyezi 72. Nthawi yothandizira nthawiyi imasiyanasiyana ndi miyezi 12-36;
- Thermalright ndiwopanga Taiwan kupanga machitidwe ozizira. Chimodzimodzinso makamaka mu gawo la mtengo wapamwamba. Komabe, zopangidwa za opangazi zimakonda kwambiri ku Russia ndi CIS, monga mtengo uli wotsika, ndipo khalidwe silimaipa kuposa la opanga awiri apitalo;
- Cooler Master ndi Thermaltake ndi opanga awiri a Taiwan omwe amagwiritsa ntchito makina osiyanasiyana a kompyuta. Izi ndizozizira kwambiri ndi magetsi. Zamagulu kuchokera ku makampani awa ali ndi chiĊµerengero chabwino cha mtengo / khalidwe. Zambiri mwazigawozi zimapangidwa ndi mtundu wa mtengo;
- Zalman - Korea kupanga zipangizo zoziziritsa, zomwe zimadalira ubwino wa zopangidwa zake, chifukwa chazidziwitso zozizira zimadwala pang'ono. Zogulitsa za kampaniyi ndizofunikira kuti zowonongeka zowonongeka;
- DeepCool ndi kampani ya Chitchaina yopanga makina otsika mtengo, monga milandu, magetsi, ozizira, zipangizo zing'onozing'ono. Chifukwa cha mtengo wotsika, khalidwe likhoza kuvutika. Kampaniyo imapanga ozizira kwa mapulogalamu amphamvu ndi ofooka pamtengo wotsika;
- GlacialTech - imapanga zina zotsika zotsika mtengo, komabe, zopangira zawo ndizochepa kwambiri ndipo zimakhala zabwino zokhazokha zowononga mphamvu.
Ndiponso, pamene mukugula ozizira, musaiwale kuyang'ana kupezeka kwachivomerezo. Nthawi yolandirira yochepa iyenera kukhala miyezi 12 kuchokera pa nthawi yogula. Podziwa zinthu zonse za makhalidwe ozizira pa kompyuta, simungakhale ovuta kusankha bwino.
