Mu Windows 7, pali zovuta zomwe sizingatheke kapena zovuta kuzikwaniritsa kudzera mwa mawonekedwe owonetsera, koma akhoza kuchitidwa kudzera mu mawonekedwe a "Command Line" pogwiritsa ntchito womasulira CMD.EXE. Ganizirani malamulo oyambirira omwe ogwiritsa ntchito angagwiritse ntchito pogwiritsira ntchito chida.
Onaninso:
Malamulo a Basic Linux mu Terminal
Kuthamanga "Lamulo Lamulo" mu Windows 7
Mndandanda wa malamulo oyambirira
Ndi chithandizo cha malamulo mu "Lamulo Lamulo", zothandiza zosiyanasiyana zimayambitsidwa ndipo ntchito zina zimachitika. Kawirikawiri, mawu akuluakulu amodzi amagwiritsidwa ntchito pamodzi ndi zizindikiro zingapo zomwe zalembedwa kupyola (/). Ndizimene zimayambitsa ntchito yeniyeni.
Sitimapanga cholinga chofotokozera zonse zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pogwiritsa ntchito chida cha CMD.EXE. Pachifukwa ichi, ndiyenera kulemba zambiri. Tidzayesera kukwanira pa tsamba limodzi pazomwe timagwiritsa ntchito mawu otsogolera komanso othandizira, kuwathyola m'magulu.
Kuthamangitsani ntchito zothandiza
Choyamba, ganizirani mawu omwe ali ndi ntchito yoyendetsera zinthu zofunika kwambiri.
Chkdsk - imayambitsa ntchito yowunika ya Check Disk, yomwe imayang'ana ma disks ovuta a kompyuta ndi zolakwika. Mawu awa amatha kulumikizidwa ndi zizindikilo zina zomwe zimayambitsa ntchito zina:
- / f - disk kupumula ngati pakupezeka zolakwika zomveka;
- / r - Kubwezeretsa kwa magulu a magalimoto pokhapokha ngati atadziwika kuti akuwonongeka;
- / x - kutseka kwa disk hard disk;
- / kujambulira - yesani nthawi yambiri;
- C:, D:, E: ... -kuwonetseratu kayendedwe kowonongeka;
- /? - Fufuzani thandizo pa chithandizo cha Check Disk.
Sfc - Yesetsani kuyang'ana kukhulupirika kwa mafayilo a mawindo a Windows. Mawu amodziwa nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi chikhalidwe / scannow. Icho chimagwiritsa ntchito chida chimene chimayang'ana OS mafayilo kuti atsatire miyezo. Ngati pangakhale kuwonongeka, pamaso pa disk yowonjezera pali kuthekera kobwezeretsa kukhulupirika kwa zinthu.
Gwiritsani ntchito mafayilo ndi mafoda
Gulu lotsatira la mafotokozedwe lapangidwa kuti ligwire ntchito ndi mafayilo ndi mafoda.
APPEND - kutsegula mafayilo mu foda yowonongeka monga ngati ali muzomwe mukufuna. Chofunika kwambiri ndicho kufotokoza njira yopita ku foda yomwe ntchitoyo idzagwiritsidwe ntchito. Zojambulazo zimapangidwa motsatira ndondomeko yotsatirayi:
yambani [;] [[kompyuta disk:] njira [; ...]]
Mukamagwiritsa ntchito lamulo ili, mungagwiritse ntchito zotsatirazi:
- / e - kulemba mndandanda wa maofesi;
- /? - yambitsa chithandizo.
ATTRIB - lamulo likukonzekera kusintha zikhumbo za mafayilo kapena mafoda. Monga momwe zinalili kale, chikhalidwe chovomerezeka ndicholowetsa, pamodzi ndi kuyankhula kwa lamulo, njira yeniyeni ya chinthu chomwe chikugwiritsidwa ntchito. Mafungulo awa akugwiritsidwa ntchito kukhazikitsa zikhumbo:
- h - zobisika;
- s - dongosolo;
- r - werengani kokha;
- a - yosungidwa.
Pofuna kugwiritsa ntchito kapena kusokoneza malingaliro, chizindikiro chimayikidwa kutsogolo kwa fungulo. "+" kapena "-".
COPY - ankakonda kufotokoza mafayilo ndi mauthenga kuchokera ku tsamba limodzi kupita ku lina. Mukamagwiritsa ntchito lamulolo, m'pofunika kuti muwonetse njira yeniyeni ya chinthucho ndi foda yomwe idzapangidwe. Makhalidwe otsatirawa angagwiritsidwe ntchito ndi mawu awa:
- / v - kutsimikiziridwa kwa kukopera;
- / z - kukopera zinthu kuchokera ku intaneti;
- / y - kulembetsanso chinthu chomaliza ngati mayina akugwirizana popanda kutsimikiziridwa;
- /? - thandizo lothandizira.
DEL - chotsani mafayilo kuchokera kuzomwe mwafotokozedwa. Mawu olamula amatha kugwiritsa ntchito zizindikiro zingapo:
- / p - kuphatikizapo pempho lovomerezeka kuchotsedwa musanayambe kugwira ntchito iliyonse;
- / q - kulepheretsa funsolo pakutha;
- / s - kuchotseratu zinthu muzolowera ndi madiresi;
- / a: - kuchotsa zinthu ndi zida zomwe zafotokozedwa zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pogwiritsa ntchito makiyi omwewo pogwiritsa ntchito lamulo ATTRIB.
RD - ali ofanana ndi mawu oyambirira a chilankhulo, koma samachotsa mafayilo, koma mafoda omwe ali m'ndandanda yowonjezera. Mukagwiritsidwa ntchito, mungagwiritse ntchito zizindikiro zomwezo.
DIR - amasonyeza mndandanda wa madiresi onse ndi mafayilo omwe ali m'ndandanda yeniyeni. Pamodzi ndi ndondomeko yaikulu, zikhumbo zotsatirazi zikugwiritsidwa ntchito:
- / q - kupeza zambiri zokhudza mwini wa fayilo;
- / s - onetsetsani mndandanda wa mafayela kuchokera m'ndandanda yeniyeni;
- / w - lembani mndandanda wa maulendo angapo;
- / o - Pangani mndandanda wa zinthu zowonetsedwa (e - mwawonjezera; n - ndi dzina; d - ndi tsiku; s - ndi kukula);
- / d - kuwonetseratu mndandanda muzitsulo zingapo ndikukonzekera ndi ndondomeko izi;
- / b - onetsani maina a mafayilo okha;
- / a - mapu a zinthu ndi zikhumbo zina, kuti zizindikiro zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito monga kugwiritsa ntchito lamulo la ATTRIB.
REN - ankatchulidwanso mayina ndi mafayilo. Zokambirana za lamuloli zimasonyeza njira yopita ku chinthucho ndi dzina lake latsopano. Mwachitsanzo, kutchula fayilo file.txt, yomwe ili mu foda "Foda"ili muzu yopezera diski D, mu fayilo file.txt, lowetsani mawu awa:
REN D: folder file.txt file2.txt
MD - adapanga kupanga foda yatsopano. Mu syntax ya lamulo, muyenera kufotokoza diski yomwe bukhu latsopanoli lidzakhazikitsidwe, ndi bukhu komwe lidzakhalapo ngati linga. Mwachitsanzo, polenga cholemba fodaNyomwe ili muzolandila foda pa diski E, lowetsani mawu awa:
md E: folder folderN
Gwiritsani ntchito mafayilo olemba
Lamulo lotsatira la malamulo lapangidwa kuti ligwire ntchito ndi malemba.
TYPE - amasonyeza zomwe zili m'mafayilo pawindo. Kukangana kofunikira kwa lamulo ili ndi njira yeniyeni yomwe chinthucho chiyenera kuwonedwa. Mwachitsanzo, kuti muwone zomwe zili mu fayilo file.txt, yomwe ili mu foda "Foda" pa diski D, mawu otsogolera awa akufunika:
TYPE D: folder file.txt
LIMANANI - kusindikiza zomwe zili mu fayilo. Chidule cha lamulo ili ndi chofanana ndi chakale, koma mmalo mowonetsera malemba pawindo, amasindikizidwa.
FUNANI - amafufuzira foni chingwe m'mafayilo. Pamwe pamodzi ndi lamulo ili, muyenera kufotokoza njira yopita kumalo omwe kufufuza ukuchitidwa, komanso dzina la chingwe chofufuzira, chomwe chili muzolemba. Kuwonjezera apo, zizindikiro zotsatirazi zikugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi mawu awa:
- / c - amasonyeza nambala yonse ya mizere yomwe ili ndi kufotokoza;
- / v - mizere yophatikizapo yomwe ilibe ndondomeko yosaka;
- / I - fufuzani popanda kulembetsa.
Gwiritsani ntchito akaunti
Pogwiritsa ntchito mzere wa lamulo, mukhoza kuona zambiri zokhudza ogwiritsa ntchito dongosololi ndikuyang'anira.
Finger - onetsani zokhudzana ndi olemba omwe akulembedwera m'dongosolo la opaleshoni. Mtsutso wofunikira wa lamulo ili ndi dzina la wogwiritsa ntchito omwe mukufuna kupeza deta. Mukhozanso kugwiritsa ntchito malingaliro / i. Pachifukwa ichi, chidziwitsochi chidzawonetsedwa muwongolera mndandanda.
Tscon - amachititsa kujowina gawo la osuta ku gawo lapamapeto. Mukamagwiritsa ntchito lamuloli, m'pofunikira kufotokoza ID ya gawo kapena dzina lake, komanso mawu achinsinsi a wogwiritsa ntchitoyo. Dzina lachinsinsi liyenera kutchulidwa pambuyo pa malingaliro / PASSWORD.
Ntchito ndi njira
Malamulo otsatirawa akutsatiridwa kuti athe kuyendetsa njira pa kompyuta.
QPROCESS - kupereka deta pazomwe zikuchitika pa PC. Zina mwazofotokozera zomwe zidzatulutsidwa zidzafotokozedwa dzina la ndondomekoyi, dzina la wosuta yemwe adayambitsa, dzina la gawo, ID ndi PID.
TASKKILL - ankatha kukwaniritsa njira. Kutsutsana kofunika ndi dzina la element kuti liyimidwe. Ikuwonetsedwa pambuyo pa chiganizo / Im. Simungathe kumaliza ndi dzina, koma ndi ndondomeko ID. Pankhaniyi, chigwiritsidwe ntchito chikugwiritsidwa ntchito. / Pid.
Makhalidwe
Pogwiritsira ntchito mzere wa lamulo, n'zotheka kulamulira zochita zosiyanasiyana pa intaneti.
GETMAC - amayamba kusonyeza maadiresi a MAC a khadi la makanema olumikizidwa ku kompyuta. Ngati pali adapita zambiri, maadiresi awo onse amawonetsedwa.
NETSH - kumayambitsa kukhazikitsidwa kwa dzina lomwelo, limene limagwiritsidwa ntchito kusonyeza chidziwitso cha magawo a intaneti ndi kusintha kwawo. Lamuloli, chifukwa cha ntchito yake yaikulu, liri ndi ziwerengero zazikulu, zomwe ziri ndi udindo wochita ntchito inayake. Kuti mudziwe zambiri za iwo, mungagwiritse ntchito chithandizo potsatira mawu awa:
neth /?
NETSTAT - kuwunikira kwa chiwerengero cha chiwerengero cha kugwirizana kwa intaneti.
Malamulo ena
Palinso mauthenga ena amodzi omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pogwiritsa ntchito CMD.EXE, yomwe siingakhoze kugawa m'magawo osiyana.
TIME - Yang'anani ndikuyika nthawi ya PC. Mukamalowa mawu awa, nthawi yeniyeni ikuwonetsedwa pazenera, zomwe zingasinthidwe ndi zina zilizonse.
Tsiku - lamulo la syntax ndi lofanana kwambiri ndi lapitawo, koma limagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti lisasinthe ndikusintha nthawi, koma kuti ligwiritse ntchito njirazi za tsikuli.
YAMASULIDWA - tasiya kompyuta. Mawuwa angagwiritsidwe ntchito ponseponse komanso kutali.
BREAK - kulepheretsa kapena kuyambitsa njira yogwiritsira ntchito mabatani Ctrl + C.
Echo - amawonetsa mauthenga ndipo amagwiritsidwa ntchito kusinthitsa mawonedwe awo.
Iyi si mndandanda wathunthu wa malamulo onse omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pogwiritsa ntchito mawonekedwe a CMD.EXE. Komabe, tinayesera kufotokoza mayina, komanso kufotokozera mwachidule ma syntax ndi ntchito zazikulu za anthu otchuka kwambiri, mwachindunji, akugawa m'magulu mwa cholinga.
