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Zimakhulupirira kuti malemba omwe ali mu Excel ndi mawu olakwika. Inde, nthawi zambiri izi ndizochitika, koma sizinali nthawi zonse. Nthawi zina zimagwiritsidwa ntchito mwadala. Tiyeni tione zomwe zimayenderana ndi momwe angakhalire, momwe angapezere zomwe zilipo kalembedwe, momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito nawo, kapena momwe mungazichotsere ngati kuli kofunikira.

Kugwiritsa ntchito maumboni ozungulira

Choyamba, funsani zomwe zimatanthauzira zozungulira. Ndipotu, ndizofotokozera kuti, pogwiritsa ntchito mawonekedwe a maselo ena, amadziimira okha. Zingakhalenso mgwirizano womwe uli pamapepala omwe amatha kutchula.

Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti mwachisawawa, maofesi amakono a Excel amalepheretsa ntchitoyi kupanga opaleshoni. Izi ndizo chifukwa chakuti mawu oterowo ali olakwika kwambiri, ndipo kutsegula kumapanga ndondomeko yowonongeka ndi kuwerengera, zomwe zimapanga katundu wambiri pa dongosolo.

Kupanga zolemba zozungulira

Tsopano tiyeni tiwone momwe tingapangire mawu ofotokozera osavuta. Izi zidzakhala chiyanjano chomwe chili mu selo lomwe likutanthauza.

1. Sankhani chinthu cha pepala A1 ndipo lembani mawu otsatirawa mmenemo:

   = A1

   Kenako, dinani pakani Lowani pabokosi.



2. Pambuyo pake, tsamba lolowera poyang'ana lolowetsera bokosi likuwonekera. Ife timakanikiza pa icho pa batani. "Chabwino".



3. Motero, tinalandira opaleshoni yopanga pa pepala limene selo limadziimira lokha.

Tiyeni tilimbikitseni ntchitoyi ndikupangitsani kayendedwe ka maselo angapo.

1. Lembani nambala kwa chigawo chilichonse cha pepala. Lolani ilo likhale selo A1ndi nambala 5.



2. Kwa selo lina (B1) lembani mawu awa:

   = C1



3. Chotsatira china (C1) lembani ndondomeko zotsatirazi:

   = A1



4. Zitatha izi tibwerera ku selo. A1momwe chiwerengero chayikidwa 5. Ife timatanthawuzira ku gawo lake B1:

   = B1

   Timakanikiza batani Lowani.



5. Choncho, kutsekedwa kumatsekedwa, ndipo timapeza maulendo angapo ozungulira. Pambuyo pawindo lochenjeza litatsekedwa, tikuwona kuti pulogalamuyi yakhala ikugwirizanitsa ndi mitsempha ya buluu pa pepala, yomwe imatchedwa mitsempha yotsatira.

Tsopano tikulingalira kulumikizana kwa kayendedwe kabwino pa chitsanzo cha tebulo. Tili ndi tebulo la malonda. Zili ndi zipilala zinayi zomwe dzina la mankhwala, chiwerengero cha zinthu zogulitsidwa, mtengo ndi kuchuluka kwa ndalama zogulitsidwa kwa buku lonseli zikuwonetsedwa. Pali kale ndondomeko mu tebulo mumphindi yomaliza. Iwo amawerengera ndalama powonjezera kuchuluka kwa mtengo.

1. Kuti muyambe kukonza njirayi muyambalo yoyamba, sankhani zomwe zimapangidwa pa pepala ndi kuchuluka kwa mankhwala oyambirira (B2). M'malo mwa mtengo wamtengo wapatali (6) timalowa mmenemo chiwerengero chomwe chidzawerengera kuchuluka kwa katundu mwa kugawa chiwerengero chonse (D2) pa mtengo (C2):

   = D2 / C2

   Dinani pa batani Lowani.



2. Tili ndi mgwirizano woyamba, mgwirizano umene umasonyezedwa ndi mzere wotsatira. Koma monga momwe mukuonera, zotsatira zake ndi zolakwika komanso zofanana ndi zero, chifukwa zanenedwa kale, Excel imaletsa ntchito yopanga ma cyclic.



3. Lembani mawuwo kwa maselo ena onse a chigawocho ndi chiwerengero cha zinthu. Kuti muchite izi, ikani cholozera kumbali ya kumanja ya zinthu zomwe zili ndi ndondomekoyi. Mtolowo umatembenuzidwa kukhala mtanda, umene umatchedwa kuti filler marker. Gwirani batani lamanzere la mouse ndipo yesani mtandawu mpaka kumapeto kwa tebulo.



4. Monga momwe mukuonera, mawuwo analembedwera kuzinthu zonse za m'mbali. Koma, ubale umodzi wokha umadziwika ndi mzere wotsatila. Tawonani izi mtsogolo.

Fufuzani maumboni ozungulira

Monga momwe tawonera pamwambapa, sikuti nthawi zonse pulogalamuyi imagwirizanitsa mgwirizano wozungulira ndi zinthu, ngakhale ziri pa pepala. Popeza kuti ntchito zovuta kwambiri zamagetsi zimakhala zoipa, ziyenera kuchotsedwa. Koma chifukwa cha ichi ayenera kuyamba kupezeka. Kodi izi zingatheke bwanji ngati mawuwo sakudziwika ndi mzere ndi mivi? Tiyeni tigwire ntchitoyi.

1. Kotero, ngati muthamanga fayilo ya Excel pamene mutsegula zenera zowonetsera kuti liri ndi mgwirizano wozungulira, ndibwino kuti muipeze. Kuti muchite izi, sungani ku tabu "Maonekedwe". Dinani pa riboni pa katatu, komwe kuli kumanja kwa batani "Fufuzani zolakwa"ili m'kati mwa zipangizo "Makhalidwe Oyenera". Menyu imatsegulidwa kumene muyenera kusuntha chithunzithunzi ku chinthucho "Zosakanikirana". Pambuyo pake, mndandanda wotsatira umatsegula mndandanda wa maadiresi a zinthu za pepala momwe pulogalamuyo yawonetsera mawu ozunguza.



2. Mukasintha pa adiresi yeniyeni, selo lofanana nalo pa pepala lasankhidwa.

Pali njira yina yodziwira kumene kugwirizana kozungulira kuli. Uthenga wokhudzana ndi vuto ili ndi adiresi ya zinthu zomwe zili ndi mawu ofanana ndi awa ali pambali ya kumanzere kwa barre, yomwe ili pansi pawindo la Excel. Komabe, mosiyana ndi malemba oyambirira, maadiresi omwe ali pamsewu wamtunduwu adzawonetsera maadiresi a zinthu zonse zomwe ziri ndi maumboni ozungulira, ngati pali zambiri, koma imodzi yokha, yomwe inkawonekera pamaso pa ena.

Kuonjezerapo, ngati muli mu bukhu lokhala ndi mawu otsekemera, osati pa pepala limene lilipo, koma pa linzake, ndiye kuti pokhapokha uthenga wokhudzana ndi kukhalapo kwa cholakwika popanda adiresi udzawonetsedwa muzenera zadongosolo.

PHUNZIRO: Mmene mungapezere maulaliki ozungulira ku Excel

Konzani maulendo ozungulira

Monga tafotokozera pamwambapa, maulendo ambiri, njinga zamoto zimakhala zoyipa zomwe ziyenera kutayidwa. Choncho, mwachibadwa kuti mutatha kugwirizanitsa, muyenera kuigwiritsa ntchito kuti mubweretse mawonekedwe anuwo.

Pofuna kuwongolera kudalira kambirimbiri, ndikofunikira kufufuza kuyanjana konse kwa maselo. Ngakhale chekeyo itasonyeza selo yeniyeni, ndiye kuti cholakwikacho sichingakhale chokha, koma mu gawo lina la mzere wodalira.

1. Kwa ife, ngakhale kuti pulogalamuyi inalongosola molondola ku imodzi mwa maselo a mzunguli (D6), kulakwitsa kwenikweni kuli mu selo lina. Sankhani chinthucho D6kuti mudziwe kumene maselo amakoka mtengo. Timayang'ana mawuwa mu bar. Monga mukuonera, kufunika kwa chigawo ichi cha pepala kumaphatikizapo kuchulukitsa nkhani za maselo B6 ndi C6.



2. Pitani ku selo C6. Sankhani ndipo yang'anani pa bar. Monga mukuonera, ili ndi mtengo wokhazikika wa nthawi zonse (1000), zomwe sizinapangidwe mwa dongosololo. Choncho, ndibwino kunena kuti chinthu chomwe chilipo sichikhala ndi vuto loyambitsa kupanga njinga.



3. Pitani ku selo lotsatira (B6). Pambuyo posankha ndondomeko mu mndandanda, tikuwona kuti ili ndi mawu owerengedwa (= D6 / C6), yomwe imakoka deta kuchokera ku zinthu zina za tebulo, makamaka, kuchokera ku selo D6. Kotero selo D6 limatanthawuza deta yamtundu B6 ndipo mosiyana, zomwe zimayambitsa kusokonezeka.

   

   Pano, tinayesa chiyanjanochi mofulumira, koma zenizeni pali zochitika pamene njira yowerengera imakhala ndi maselo ambiri, osati zinthu zitatu, monga zathu. Kenaka kufufuza kungatenge nthawi yaitali, chifukwa mudzayenera kuphunzira chigawo chilichonse chazengereza.

4. Tsopano tifunika kumvetsa tanthauzo la selo (B6 kapena D6) ili ndi vuto. Ngakhale, mwachizolowezi, izi sizingakhale zolakwitsa, koma kungogwiritsira ntchito mogwiritsira ntchito maulumikizi, omwe amachititsa kuti zisokonezeke. Panthawi yopanga chisankho kuti musinthe, muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito logic. Palibe ndondomeko yeniyeni yowonetsera. Pazochitika zonsezi, mfundoyi idzakhala yosiyana.

   Mwachitsanzo, ngati patebulo lathu chiwerengero chonse chiyenera kuwerengedwa pochulukitsa kuchuluka kwa katundu kwenikweni wogulitsidwa ndi mtengo wake, ndiye tikhoza kunena kuti chiyanjano chimene chiwerengera kuchuluka kwa kuchuluka kwa malonda ndi kosaoneka bwino. Choncho, timachichotsa ndikuchibwezera ndi mtengo wolimba.



5. Timachitanso opaleshoni yofananamo pazinthu zina zonse zamatsenga, ngati ziri pa pepala. Pambuyo pazondomeko zonse zozungulira zikuchotsedwa m'bukuli, uthenga wonena za kupezeka kwa vutoli uyenera kuchoka pa barreti yoyenera.

   Kuonjezera apo, ngakhale mawu ozunguliridwa atachotsedwa kwathunthu, mukhoza kupeza pogwiritsa ntchito chida choyang'ana cholakwika. Pitani ku tabu "Maonekedwe" ndipo dinani kakatu kakang'ono kakang'ono kakang'ono kakang'ono kakang'ono komwe kali komweko "Fufuzani zolakwa" mu gulu la zida "Makhalidwe Oyenera". Ngati kumayambiriro kwa menyu chinthu "Zosakanikirana" sizingakhale zotanganidwa, zikutanthawuza kuti tachotsa zinthu zonsezi kuchokera pazolembedwazo. Mulimonsemo, zidzakhala zofunikira kugwiritsa ntchito njira yochotsera zinthu zomwe zili m'ndandanda momwemo momwemo.

Chilolezo chochita masewera olimbitsa thupi

Mu gawo lapitalo la phunzirolo, ife tafotokozera momwe tingagwirire ndi maumboni ozungulira, kapena momwe tingawapezere. Koma, poyamba kukambitsirana kunanenanso kuti nthawi zina, amatha kukhala othandiza komanso wogwiritsidwa ntchito mosamala ndi wogwiritsa ntchito. Mwachitsanzo, kawirikawiri njira imeneyi imagwiritsidwa ntchito powerengera nthawi yopanga chuma. Koma vuto ndiloti, mosasamala kanthu kuti mwadzidzidzi mumagwiritsa ntchito kayendetsedwe kabwino ka mawonekedwe, Excel mwachisawawa chidzasiya kugwira ntchito pa iwo, kuti asayambe kugwiritsidwa ntchito mopitirira muyeso. Pachifukwa ichi, vuto la kulepheretsa mwachisawawa lololi limakhala loyenera. Tiyeni tiwone momwe tingachitire izo.

1. Choyamba, pita ku tabu "Foni" Zotsatira za Excel.



2. Kenako, dinani pa chinthu "Zosankha"ili kumbali yakumanzere ya zenera lomwe limatsegulidwa.



3. Fayilo la Excel Parameters limayamba. Tiyenera kupita ku tabu "Maonekedwe".



4. Ndilo pazenera lotseguka kuti zidzatheke kupanga chilolezo chochita ma cyclic ntchito. Pitani kuzenera yolondola pazenera ili, kumene ma Excel akhazikitsidwa okha. Tizitha kugwira ntchito ndi zolembazo. "Mawerengedwe Owerengetsera"yomwe ili pamwamba.

   Kuti muthe kugwiritsa ntchito mafotokozedwe amatsenga, muyenera kuyang'ana bokosi pafupi ndi parameter "Thandizani Kuwerengera Kwambiri". Kuwonjezera apo, mu malo omwewo, mungathe kukonza malire a chiwerengero ndi zolakwika. Mwachikhazikitso, miyezo yawo ndi 100 ndi 0.001, motsatira. Nthawi zambiri, magawowa safunikira kusintha, ngakhale ngati kuli kofunikira kapena ngati mukufuna, mukhoza kusintha kumasamba omwe amasonyeza. Koma apa ndi kofunika kukumbukira kuti maitanidwe ambiri angapangitse katundu wambiri pa pulogalamuyi ndi dongosolo lonse, makamaka ngati mutagwira ntchito ndi fayilo yomwe ili ndi mawu ambiri.

   Choncho, yesani nkhuni pafupi ndi parameter "Thandizani Kuwerengera Kwambiri"ndiyeno kuti zochitika zatsopano zizigwira ntchito, dinani pa batani "Chabwino"ili pansi pawindo la Excel zosankha.



5. Pambuyo pake timapita ku pepala labukhuli. Monga momwe mukuonera, m'maselo omwe mawonekedwe apakati alipo, tsopano miyezo ikuwerengedwera molondola. Pulogalamuyi sizimaletsa mawerengedwe awo.

Koma ndikuyenera kudziwa kuti kuphatikizapo ntchito zamakono siziyenera kuchitiridwa nkhanza. Mbali imeneyi iyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito pokhapokha ngati wogwiritsa ntchito atsimikiza kuti ndifunika. Kuphatikizidwa kosagwiritsidwa ntchito kwa ma cyclic sizingangowonjezera katundu wambiri pa dongosolo ndi kuchepetsa kuwerengera pamene mukugwira ntchito ndi chikalatacho, koma wogwiritsa ntchito mosakayikira angayambitse mawu olakwika omwe mwachisawawa adzatsekezedwa pulogalamuyo.

Monga tikuonera, m'mabuku ambiri, maumboni ozungulira ndi chinthu choyenera kuchitidwa. Kuti muchite izi, choyamba, muyenera kupeza mgwirizano womwewo, kenaka muwerenge selo yomwe ili ndi zolakwika, ndipo potsirizira pake, yithetseni mwa kupanga zolakwika zoyenera. Koma nthawi zina, ntchito yopanga njinga ikhoza kukhala yothandiza kuwerengera ndipo imachitidwa ndi wogwiritsa ntchito mosamala. Koma ngakhale zili choncho, ndi bwino kuyesetsa kugwiritsa ntchito mosamala, kuyika bwino Excel ndikudziwa momwe mungayankhire pazowonjezereka zoterezi, zomwe, zikagwiritsidwa ntchito mochuluka, zingachepetse dongosolo.