Kuphwanya mapepala achinsinsi, chirichonse chomwe angakhale nacho - kuchokera ku makalata, kubanki pa intaneti, Wi-Fi kapena akaunti za Vkontakte ndi Odnoklassniki, posachedwapa wakhala chochitika chobwerezabwereza. Izi makamaka chifukwa chakuti ogwiritsa ntchito samatsatira malamulo okhwima osavuta polemba, kusunga komanso kugwiritsa ntchito mapepala. Koma ichi si chifukwa chokhacho puloseti zingagwere mu manja olakwika.
Nkhaniyi ikufotokoza mwatsatanetsatane za njira zomwe zingagwiritsidwe ntchito kusokoneza mauthenga achinsinsi komanso chifukwa chake mukutheka. Ndipo pamapeto pake mudzapeza mndandanda wa mautumiki apakompyuta omwe angakuuzeni ngati mawu anu achinsinsi atha kale. Padzakhalanso (kachiwiri) mutu wachiwiri pa mutuwo, koma ndikupempha kuti ndiwerenge kuchokera ku ndemanga yangapo, ndipo pokhapokha pitirirani ku yotsatira.
Zosintha: Zinthu zotsatirazi zakonzeka - Ponena za chitetezo chachinsinsi, chomwe chimalongosola m'mene mungasungire akaunti yanu ndi ma passwords kwa iwo.
Kodi ndi njira ziti zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kupasula mapepala achinsinsi
Mauthenga achinsinsi samagwiritsidwa ntchito m'njira zosiyanasiyana. Pafupifupi onsewa amadziwika ndipo pafupifupi kulimbikitsana kulikonse kwachinsinsi kumapindula mwa kugwiritsa ntchito njira iliyonse kapena kuphatikiza kwawo.
Phishing
Njira yowonjezereka yomwe lero "yachotsedwa" ndi mauthenga achinsinsi a mauthenga otchuka a imelo ndi malo ochezera a pa Intaneti ndi phishing, ndipo njira iyi imagwira ntchito yaikulu kwambiri ya ogwiritsa ntchito.
Chofunika kwambiri cha njirayi ndikuti mumapezeka pa malo omwe mumazoloŵera (zomwezo Gmail, VC kapena Odnoklassniki), ndipo mwazifukwa zina mumapemphedwa kuti mulowetse dzina lanu ndi dzina lanu (kuti mutsegule, chifukwa cha kusintha kwake, ndi zina zotero). Mwamsanga mutalowa mawu achinsinsi kuchokera kwa oyendetsa.
Zomwe zimachitika: mukhoza kulandira kalata, yomwe imatengedwa kuchokera ku chithandizo, chomwe chimati muyenera kulowa mu akaunti yanu ndi kulumikizana, pamene mutasintha pa tsamba ili, zomwe zimasindikiza ndondomeko yoyamba. N'zotheka kuti mutatha kukhazikitsa mapulogalamu osafuna pakompyuta, makonzedwe apakompyuta amasintha mwakuti mukalowa mu adiresi ya malo omwe mukufunikira ku barre ya adiresi yanu, mumapita kumalo osungirako zowonongeka mofanana momwemo.
Monga ndaonera, ogwiritsa ntchito ambiri amagwa chifukwa cha izi, ndipo kawirikawiri izi zimakhala zosasamala:
- Mukalandira kalata yomwe imakulowetsani kuti mulowe ku akaunti yanu pa tsamba linalake, samalirani ngati simunatumize ku adiresi pa tsamba ili: maadiresi ofanana amagwiritsidwa ntchito. Mwachitsanzo, mmalo mwa [email protected], ikhoza kukhala [email protected] kapena zofanana. Komabe, adiresi yoyenera sizitsimikiziranso kuti chirichonse chilipo.
- Musanayambe mawu anu achinsinsi paliponse, yang'anani mwatcheru mu barreji ya adiresi yanu. Choyamba, payenera kukhala ndikuwonetseratu malo omwe mukufuna kupita. Komabe, pankhani ya pulogalamu yachinsinsi pa kompyuta, izi sizingakwanire. Muyeneranso kuyang'anitsitsa kukhalapo kwa chiphatikizidwe, chomwe chingatsimikizidwe pogwiritsa ntchito https protocol mmalo mwa http ndi chithunzi cha "lock" mu bar ya adiresi, podalira pa, mungatsimikizire kuti muli pa tsamba ili. Pafupifupi zonse zofunikira zomwe zimafuna kulowetsa mu akaunti yanu zimagwiritsira ntchito encryption.
Mwa njira, ndizindikira apa kuti njira zowopsya ndi njira zofufuzira mawu (zomwe tafotokozedwa m'munsimu) sizikutanthauza ntchito yowawa ya munthu mmodzi (ndiko kuti, safunikira kuika malipiro milioni pamanja) - zonsezi zimachitidwa ndi mapulogalamu apadera, mwamsanga komanso mowonjezera. , ndikufotokozera zomwe zikuchitika. Komanso, mapulogalamuwa sangagwire ntchito pa kompyuta, koma mwachinsinsi kwa inu ndi pakati pa zikwi zina za ogwiritsira ntchito, zomwe zimawonjezera mphamvu za hacks.
Kusankha kwachinsinsi
Kuwombera pogwiritsira ntchito mawu achinsinsi (Brute Force, mphamvu zopanda pake mu Russian) ndizofala. Zaka zingapo zapitazo, zowonjezereka zazomwezi zinalidi kufufuza mwazigawo zina za malemba kuti azilemba mapepala achinsinsi, ndipo pakali pano zonse zimakhala zophweka (kwa osokoneza).
Kufufuza kwa mamiliyoni ambiri achinsinsi omwe apulumuka zaka zaposachedwapa akuwonetsa kuti osachepera theka lawo ndi apadera, pomwe pa malo omwe anthu ambiri osadziwa zambiri akukhala, chiwerengero chake n'chochepa.
Kodi izi zikutanthauza chiyani? Kawirikawiri, wowonongeka sasowa kupitilira mamiliyoni ambiri osakanikirana: okhala ndi chiwerengero cha mapepala achinsinsi a 10-15 miliyoni (nambala yowerengeka, koma pafupi ndi choonadi) ndi kulowetsa zokhazokhazi, akhoza kusokoneza pafupifupi theka la akaunti pa siteti iliyonse.
Pankhani yowonongeka kwa akaunti inayake, kuphatikizapo maziko, mphamvu yosavuta ingagwiritsidwe ntchito, ndipo mapulogalamu amakono amakulolani kuti muchite izi mofulumira: mawu achinsinsi a zilembo zisanu ndi zisanu ndi zitatu akhoza kutsekedwa m'masiku amodzi (ndipo ngati malembawo ndi tsiku kapena kuphatikiza ndi masiku, omwe siwodziwika - mumphindi).
Chonde dziwani kuti: Ngati mutagwiritsira ntchito malingaliro omwewo pa malo ndi mautumiki osiyanasiyana, mutangotenga mawu anu achinsinsi ndi aderesi yadilesi yomwe imayesedwa, aliyense athandizidwa ndi mapulogalamu apadera. Mwachitsanzo, mwamsanga kutuluka kwa mapulogalamu a Gmail ndi Yandex mamiliyoni angapo kumapeto kwa chaka chatha, nkhani yowonongeka inachokera ku Origin, Steam, Battle.net, ndi Uplay (ndikuganiza ena ambiri, chifukwa cha maseŵera omwe ankatchulidwa mobwerezabwereza).
Kutsegula malo ndi kupeza mauthenga achinsinsi
Malo ovuta kwambiri samasunga mawu anu achinsinsi mwa mawonekedwe omwe mumadziwa. Kokha hash imasungidwa mu deta - zotsatira za kugwiritsa ntchito ntchito yosasinthika (ndiko kuti, iwe sungakhoze kupeza mawu achinsinsi kachiwiri kuchokera ku zotsatira izi) kupita kuphasiwedi. Mukamagwiritsa ntchito pa intaneti, hayi imawerengedwanso, ndipo ngati ikugwirizana ndi zomwe zasungidwa mudasitomala, ndiye kuti munalowa mwachinsinsi molondola.
Monga n'zosavuta kuganiza, ndizovuta zomwe zasungidwa, osati ma passwords okha, chifukwa cha chitetezo - kuti pamene wowononga alowe mu databolo ndikulandira, sangagwiritse ntchito chidziwitso ndi kuphunzira mapepala.
Komabe, nthawi zambiri amatha kuchita izi:
- Kuti muwerenge hayi, machitidwe ena amagwiritsidwa ntchito, ambiri a iwo amadziwika ndi ofala (ndiko kuti, aliyense akhoza kuwagwiritsa ntchito).
- Pokhala ndi malemba ndi mamiliyoni a mapepala achinsinsi (kuchokera ku chigamulo chokhwima mphamvu), wotsutsa amakhalanso ndi mwayi wotsutsa mapepalawa, atagwiritsidwa ntchito pogwiritsa ntchito njira zonse zomwe zilipo.
- Poyerekeza mauthenga ochokera ku deta yachinsinsi ndi mauthenga achinsinsi kuchokera ku deta yanu, mungadziwe kuti ndondomeko yanji ikugwiritsidwa ntchito ndikupeza mapepala enieni a gawo lina la zolembedwa m'mabuku mwachindunji mwa kufanana kwake (kwa onse omwe si osiyana). Ndipo zida zamagetsi zothandizira zidzakuthandizani kuphunzira zina zonse zapadera, koma masipoti achinsinsi.
Monga mukuonera, malonda a malonda osiyanasiyana omwe samasunga mapepala anu pa tsamba lanu samakutetezani kuntchito kwake.
Masipyro (Spyware)
SpyWare kapena mapulogalamu a mapulogalamu aukazitape - mapulogalamu ambiri osokoneza makompyuta omwe amaikidwa pa kompyuta (mapulogalamu a spyware angaphatikizidwe monga gawo la mapulogalamu ena oyenera) ndi kusonkhanitsa uthenga wogwiritsa ntchito.
Mwa zina, mitundu ina ya SpyWare, mwachitsanzo, keyloggers (mapulogalamu omwe amayang'ana makiyi omasulira) kapena osokoneza magalimoto, angagwiritsidwe ntchito (ndipo amagwiritsidwa ntchito) kupeza mameseji achinsinsi.
Mafunso osungirako zamagulu ndi zothetsera mawu achinsinsi
Monga Wikipedia imatiuza, njira zomangamanga ndi njira yopezera chidziwitso chokhudzana ndi makhalidwe a maganizo a munthu (izi zimaphatikizapo zachinyengo zotchulidwa pamwambapa). Pa intaneti, mungapeze zitsanzo zambiri zogwiritsira ntchito zomangamanga (ndikupangira kufufuza ndi kuwerenga - izi ndi zosangalatsa), zina mwazo zikuwoneka bwino. Kawirikawiri, njirayi ikuwongolera kuti mfundo iliyonse yowunikira kuti mupeze zinsinsi zitha kupezeka pogwiritsa ntchito zofooka zaumunthu.
Ndipo ndidzakupatsani chitsanzo chophweka komanso chosakhala chokongola kwambiri cha pakhomo. Monga mukudziwira, pa malo ambiri ochizira chinsinsi, ndizokwanira kuyankha yankho la funso loti: Kodi sukulu yomwe mumapezekapo, dzina la mtsikana, dzina la pet ... Ngakhale ngati simunatumizepo kale nkhaniyi pa Intaneti, mukuganiza kuti ndizovuta kaya mumagwiritsa ntchito malo ochezera amodzi, ndikudziwani bwino, kapena mumadziwa bwino, simukudziwa zambiri?
Momwe mungadziwire kuti mawu anu achinsinsi atsekedwa
Chabwino, kumapeto kwa nkhaniyi, mautumiki angapo omwe amakulolani kudziwa ngati mawu anu achinsinsi atsekedwa, poyang'ana imelo yanu kapena dzina lanu lachinsinsi ndi mauthenga achinsinsi omwe adapezeka ndi ovina. (Ine ndikudabwa pang'ono kuti pakati pawo pali chiwerengero chochuluka cha mauthenga ochokera ku chinenero cha Chirasha).
- //haveibeenpwned.com/
- //breachalarm.com/
- //pwnedlist.com/query
Mukupeza akaunti yanu mndandanda wa odziwika bwino? Ndizomveka kusintha mawu achinsinsi, koma mwatsatanetsatane zokhudzana ndi zochitika zokhudzana ndi akaunti yanu, ndikulemba m'masiku akudza.
