Pakadali pano, kuyendetsa galimoto kwatsala pang'ono kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zina zonse zosungirako zosungira, monga CD, DVD, ndi magnetic floppy disks. Kumbali ya chiwombankhanga chimatulutsa njira yosadziwika yosakanikirika ngati mawonekedwe ang'onoang'ono komanso zambirimbiri zomwe angathe kuzikhala. Chotsatirachi, komabe, zimadalira maulendo apamwamba omwe galimotoyo imapangidwira.
Chidule cha machitidwe ofala kwambiri pa mafayilo
Kodi fayilo yani? Kulankhula mwachidule, iyi ndiyo njira yokonzekera zambiri zomwe OS amamvetsa, ndi kugawikana kukhala zikalata ndi mauthenga omwe amadziwika ndi ogwiritsa ntchito. Mitundu yayikulu ya machitidwe apamwamba masiku ano alipo 3: FAT32, NTFS ndi exFAT. Sitidzakambirana mawonekedwe a ext4 ndi HFS (Mabaibulo a Linux ndi Mac OS motsatira) chifukwa chogwirizana kwambiri.
Kufunika kwa maonekedwe a fayilo zingathe kugawidwa mwazinthu zotsatirazi: zofunikira, kayendedwe ka kuvala kukumbukira mapepala ndi zolekanitsa kukula kwa mafayilo ndi mauthenga. Taganizirani chitsanzo chilichonse cha machitidwe atatu.
Onaninso:
Zopindulitsa kwambiri popanga zojambula zotsulo ndi disks
Malangizo othandizira kusintha mafayilo pawotchi
Kugwirizana ndi zofunikira zadongosolo
Mwina chinthu chofunikira kwambiri, makamaka ngati galasi ikuyendetsedwera kugwiritsidwa ntchito kugwirizanitsa ndi zipangizo zamitundu zosiyanasiyana.
FAT32
FAT32 ndilolemba yakale kwambiri komanso dongosolo la kasamalidwe la foda liri lofunikira, lomwe linayambika kwa MS-DOS. Icho chimakhala chogwirizana kwambiri ndi zonse - ngati galasi ikuyendetsedwa mu FAT32, ndiye mwinamwake imadziwika ndi zipangizo zambiri, mosasamala kanthu kachitidwe kachitidwe. Kuwonjezera apo, kugwira ntchito ndi FAT32 sikufuna ndalama zambiri za RAM ndi mphamvu yopomerera.
NTFS
Mawindo a Windows ali osasintha kuyambira kusintha kwa ma OSes kupita ku mapangidwe a NT. Zida zogwirira ntchito ndi dongosolo ilipo muwiri Windows ndi Linux, Mac OS. Komabe, pali mavuto ena okhudzana ndi magalimoto opangidwa ndi NTFS ku stereos kapena osewera magalimoto, makamaka kuchokera ku makina achiwiri, komanso ku Android ndi iOS kudzera pa OTG. Kuonjezera apo, poyerekeza ndi FAT32, chiwerengero cha RAMs chimafunika kugwira ntchito ndipo chiwerengero cha CPU chawonjezeka.
exFAT
Dzina lovomerezeka likuimira "Extended FAT", lomwe likugwirizana ndi chofunika - exFAT ndipo pali FAT32 yowonjezera komanso yowonjezereka. Poyendetsedwa ndi Microsoft makamaka pa zoyendetsa phokoso, dongosolo ili ndi losavomerezeka: magetsi awa akhoza kugwiritsidwa kokha kumakompyuta othamanga pa Windows (osachepera kuposa XP SP2), komanso mafoni a Android ndi iOS. Chiwerengero cha RAM chofunika ndi dongosolo ndi liwiro la pulojekitiyi inanso yowonjezera.
Monga mukuonera, mwachindunji cha kugwirizana ndi zofunikira, FAT32 ndi mtsogoleri wosadziwika.
Impact pa memory chip chip amavala
Mwachidziwitso, kukumbukira kwachinsinsi kuli ndi nthawi yochepa ya moyo, yomwe imadalira chiwerengero cha mndandanda wa magawo owerengera, zomwe zimadalira mtundu wa Chip womwe umayikidwa mu galimoto. Fayiloyi, malinga ndi zizindikiro zake, ikhoza kuwonjezera moyo wa kukumbukira kapena kuchepetsa.
Onaninso bukuli: Zotsogoleredwe kuti muyese kuyendera magetsi
FAT32
Malingana ndi momwe zimakhudzidwira kuvala, dongosolo ili likuwonongeka kwa wina aliyense: chifukwa cha kagulu ka bungwe, kamagwira ntchito bwino ndi mafayilo aang'ono ndi apakatikati, koma zidutswa zambiri zomwe zidalembedwa. Izi zimapangitsa kuti pulogalamu yowonjezera yowonjezereka yowonjezereka, ndipo zotsatira zake ndi kuwonjezeka kwa mawerengedwe a Read-Write. Choncho, phokoso lopangidwira lopangidwa mu FAT32 likhonza kuchepa.
NTFS
Ndi dongosolo lino, zinthu zili bwino kale. NTFS sichidalira kwambiri kugawidwa kwa fayilo, komanso, yakhala ikugwiritsanso ntchito zowonjezereka zowonjezereka, zomwe zimakhudza kwambiri kupirira kwa galimotoyo. Komabe, kuipa kwa fayiloyi kumapangitsa kuti phindu likhale lopindulitsa, ndipo zizindikiro za kudula deta zimatikakamiza kuti tipeze malo omwe timaganizira mobwerezabwereza ndikugwiritsa ntchito caching, zomwe zimakhudzanso kupirira.
exFAT
Popeza EXPAT inakhazikitsidwa mwachindunji kuti ikugwiritsidwe ntchito pazowunikira, opanga makinawo amapereka chidwi chachikulu kuti achepetse chiwerengero cha zolembedwera. Chifukwa cha bungwe ndi kusungirako zinthu, zimachepetsera chiwerengero cha zolembedwera, makamaka poyerekeza ndi FAT32 - khadi lapadera la malo omwe alipo likuwonjezeredwa ku exFAT, zomwe zimachepetsa kugawidwa, chomwe chimapangitsa kuchepetsa moyo wautumiki wotsitsa galimoto.
Chifukwa cha zomwe tafotokozazi, tingathe kuganiza kuti exFAT imakhudza kukumbukira kukumbukira.
Zoletsa pa mafayilo ndi zolemba zazikulu
Parameter imeneyi imakhala yofunika kwambiri chaka chilichonse: mauthenga osungidwa, komanso mphamvu yosungirako, akukula mosalekeza.
FAT32
Kotero ife tafika ku vuto lalikulu la mawonekedwe a fayilo - mmenemo chiwerengero chachikulu cha fayilo imodzi ndi yokwanira 4 GB. Pa nthawi ya MS-DOS, izi zikanakhoza kuonedwa kuti ndizofunikira kwambiri, koma lero kuchepa kumeneku kumabweretsa chisokonezo. Kuwonjezera apo, pali malire pa chiwerengero cha mafayilo muzondandanda ya mizu - osaposa 512. Komano, pangakhale nambala iliyonse ya mafayilo mu mafoda osakhala mizu.
NTFS
Kusiyanitsa kwakukulu pakati pa NTFS ndi FAT32 kumayambiriro ndikumveka kopanda malire, yomwe fayilo inayake ikhoza kugwira. Inde, pali luso lamakono, koma mtsogolomu silingapezeke posachedwa. Mofananamo, kuchuluka kwa deta m'ndandandayi kulibepanda malire, ngakhale kuti paliponse pakhomopo pali phokoso lalikulu lochita ntchito (NTFS). Ndiyeneranso kukumbukira kuti muyiyiyiyi muli malire a zilembo m'ndandanda.
Onaninso: Zonse zokhudza kupanga mawindo a flashs mu NTFS
exFAT
Malire a kukula kwa mafayilo ku EXFAT akuwonjezeka kwambiri poyerekezera ndi NTFS - izi ndi 16 zettabytes, zomwe ndi zazikulu zikwi mazana kuchuluka kwa mphamvu ya galasi yowonjezereka yogulitsa. Pansi pa mikhalidwe yamakono, zingathe kuganiziridwa kuti malirewo salipo.
Kutsiliza - ndipadera iyi NTFS ndi exFAT pafupifupi pafupifupi.
Ndondomeko yotani yomwe mungasankhe
Malingana ndi chiwerengero cha magawo ena, exFAT ndiyo njira yamakono yoposera mafayilo, komabe, mafuta ochepa mu mawonekedwe otsika angakukakamizeni kuti mupite ku machitidwe ena. Mwachitsanzo, pulogalamu ya USB ikuyendetsa galimoto zosachepera 4 GB, yomwe ikukonzekera kugwirizanitsidwa ndi stereo ya galimoto, imapangidwira bwino ndi FAT32: kuyanjana bwino, kuthamanga kwa mafayilo komanso zofunikira pa RAM. Kuwonjezera apo, ma disks a boot kubwezeretsa Windows ndi abwino kuchitanso ku FAT32.
Zambiri:
Kupanga galimoto yotentha ya USB
Momwe mungasungire nyimbo pang'onopang'ono kuti muwerenge matepi ojambulidwa pa wailesi
Kuyenda kwawunikira kwakukulu kuposa GB 32 momwe malemba ndi mafayela akulu akusungidwa bwino ndi exFAT. Njira iyi ndi yoyenera pa ntchito za madalaivala otere chifukwa chakumapeto kwa mafayilo a kukula kwa fayilo ndi kugawikana kochepa. ExFat ndi yoyenera kusungirako deta yam'tsogolo nthawi yayitali chifukwa cha kuchepetsedwa kwa kuvala kwa chikumbu.
Potsutsa maziko a machitidwewa, NTFS ikuwoneka ngati njira yotsutsa - ndi yoyenera kwa ogwiritsa ntchito omwe nthawi ndi nthawi amayenera kusindikiza kapena kusuntha pakatikati ndi deta yambiri pazowunikira magetsi.
Kuphatikiza mwachidule zonsezi, tawona kuti kusankha kwa mafayilo akuyenera kugwirizana ndi ntchito ndi zolinga zogwiritsira ntchito galimoto yanu. Mukadziyendetsa galimoto yatsopano, ganizirani momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito, ndipo potengera izi, yesani kukhala njira yabwino kwambiri.
