Ma tebulo apamwamba amapatsa mwayi ogwiritsa ntchito malemba ambirimbiri omwe ali m'matawuni amodzi pamalo amodzi, komanso kupanga mapepala ambiri. Pachifukwa ichi, malingaliro a mabukhu ophatikizira akusinthidwa pokhapokha phindu la tebulo lirilonse likugwirizana. Tiyeni tione momwe tingapangire tebulo la pivot ku Microsoft Excel.
Kupanga tebulo la pivot mwachizolowezi
Ngakhale, tidzakambirana njira yopanga tebulo la pivot pogwiritsa ntchito chitsanzo cha Microsoft Excel 2010, koma zotsatirazi zikugwiritsidwa ntchito kumasulidwe ena amakono.
Timatenga tebulo la malipiro a malipiro kwa antchito a malonda monga maziko. Amasonyeza maina a ogwira ntchito, abambo, chikhalidwe, tsiku la kulipira, ndi kuchuluka kwa malipiro. Izi ndizakuti, gawo lililonse la msonkho kwa wogwira ntchito payekha likufanana ndi mzere wosiyana wa tebulo. Tifunika kugawana deta mwachindunji mu tebulo ili mu tebulo limodzi lopangira. Pankhani iyi, deta idzatengedwa kokha pa gawo lachitatu la 2016. Tiyeni tiwone momwe tingachitire izi ndi chitsanzo chapadera.
Choyamba, tidzasintha tebulo yoyamba ku mphamvu. Izi ndizofunika kuti poonjezera mizere ndi deta zina, zimangotengedwa patebulo la pivot. Kwa ichi, timakhala chithunzithunzi pa selo iliyonse pagome. Kenaka, muzithunzi "Zojambula" zomwe zili pamtambo, dinani pazithunzi "Format monga tebulo". Sankhani mtundu uliwonse wa tebulo womwe mumakonda.
Kenaka, bokosi la bokosi limatsegula, lomwe limatipatsa ife kuti tiwone zogwirizana za malo a tebulo. Komabe, mwachindunji, makonzedwe omwe pulogalamuyi amapereka ndipo motero imaphimba tebulo lonse. Kotero tikhoza kuvomereza, ndipo dinani pa batani "OK". Koma, ogwiritsa ntchito ayenera kudziwa kuti ngati akufuna, akhoza kusintha magawo a kufalikira kwa gome apa.
Pambuyo pake, tebuloyo imakhala yamphamvu, ndipo imayimitsidwa. Ikupezekanso dzina kuti, ngati kuli kotheka, wogwiritsa ntchito akhoza kusintha kumtundu uliwonse. Mukhoza kuwona kapena kusintha dzina la tebulo mu tabu la "Designer".
Kuti muyambe mwachindunji kupanga tebulo la pivot, pitani ku tab "Insert". Kutsegula, dinani pa batani loyamba lomwe lili mu riboni, lomwe limatchedwa "Pivot Table". Pambuyo pake, menyu imatsegulidwa kumene muyenera kusankha zomwe titi tipange, tebulo kapena tchati. Dinani pa batani "Pivot table".
Awindo akutseguka kumene ife tikusowa kusankha mtundu, kapena tebulo. Monga momwe mukuonera, pulogalamuyo inalembetsa dzina la gome lathu, kotero palibe china chomwe chiyenera kuchitidwa apa. Pansi pa bokosi la bokosi, mungathe kusankha malo omwe patebulo la pivot lidzapangidwe: pa pepala latsopano (mwachinsinsi), kapena pa tsamba limodzi. Inde, nthawi zambiri, ndi bwino kwambiri kugwiritsa ntchito tebulo la pivot pa pepala limodzi. Koma, ili ndi vuto la munthu aliyense, zomwe zimadalira zomwe amakonda, ndi ntchito. Timangolemba pa batani "OK".
Pambuyo pake, fomu yopanga tebulo ya pivot imatsegula pepala latsopano.
Monga mukuonera, mbali yoyenera pazenera ndi mndandanda wa masamba a tebulo, ndipo pansipa pali madera anayi:
- Mayina apangidwe;
- Mayina a phukusi;
- Miyambo;
- Lembani fyuluta
Mwachidule, timakokera minda yomwe tikusowa ku tebulo kumalo okhudzana ndi zosowa zathu. Palibe lamulo lokhazikitsidwa bwino lomwe, malo omwe angasunthidwe, chifukwa chirichonse chimadalira pa gome la gwero, ndi ntchito zina zomwe zingasinthe.
Kotero, mu nkhaniyi, tinasuntha malo "Floor" ndi "Date" ku gawo la "Report Filter", "Category Personnel" kumunda wa "Name Column" munda, "Name" kumunda wa "Name Row", "Mtengo" malipiro "mu" Makhalidwe ". Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti mawerengedwe onse a chiwerengero cha deta omwe amamangidwa kuchokera pa tebulo lina amatha kokha pamalo omaliza. Monga momwe tikuonera, panthawi yomwe tinagwiritsira ntchito malonda a m'maderawo, tebulo lokha kumbali ya kumanzere pawindo linasintha molingana.
Iyi ndi ndandanda yachidule. Pamwamba pa tebulo, zosungirako ndi zachiwerewere ndi tsiku zikuwonetsedwa.
Kuyika tebulo lapivot
Koma, monga tikukumbukira, chiwerengero cha gawo lachitatu chiyenera kukhala patebulo. Padakali pano, deta imawonetsedwa kwa nthawi yonseyi. Kuti tibweretse tebulo ku fomu yoyenera, timangodutsa pa batani pafupi ndi fyuluta ya "Date". Muwindo lowonekera timayika nkhuni mosiyana ndi mawu akuti "Sankhani zinthu zingapo". Kenaka, chotsani nkhupakupa kuchokera pazinthu zonse zomwe sizikugwirizana ndi gawo lachitatu. Kwa ife, ili ndi tsiku limodzi lokha. Dinani pa batani "OK".
Mofananamo, tikhoza kugwiritsa ntchito fyuluta ndi chikhalidwe ndikusankha, mwachitsanzo, amuna okha omwe ali ndi lipoti.
Pambuyo pake, tebulo la pivot linapeza malingaliro awa.
Kuti muwonetsetse kuti mungathe kulamulira deta patebulo ngati mukufuna, mutsegule fomu ya mndandanda wamtundu kachiwiri. Kuti muchite izi, pitani ku tabu ya "Parameters", ndipo dinani pa "Mndandanda wa masimu". Kenaka, sungani munda wa "Date" kuchokera ku "Report Filter" ku "Name Row", ndi kusinthanitsa madera pakati pa "Gulu la Anthu" ndi "Gender" minda. Ntchito zonse zimachitika mwa kungokokera zinthu.
Tsopano, tebulo ili ndi mawonekedwe osiyana kwambiri. Mizatiyi igawidwa ndi kugonana, kuwonongeka kwa miyezi ikuwonekera mmizere, ndipo tsopano mukhoza kufotokozera tebulo ndi gulu la ogwira ntchito.
Ngati mndandanda wa mayina, dzina la mizerelo lasunthidwa, ndipo tsikulo likhazikitsidwa kuposa dzina, ndiye idzakhala masiku omwe amalipirako omwe adzagawidwe m'maina a antchito.
Ndiponso, mukhoza kusonyeza mawerengero a tebuloyo monga mawonekedwe ake. Kuti muchite izi, sankhani selo ndi mtengo wamtengo wapatali pagome, pita ku Tsambali la Home, dinani pa batani lopangidwira malemba, pitani ku histograms, ndipo musankhe mytogram yomwe mumakonda.
Monga mukuonera, histogram ikuwoneka mu selo limodzi. Kuti mugwiritse ntchito lamulo la histogram kwa maselo onse omwe ali patebulo, dinani pa batani lomwe likuwonekera pafupi ndi histogram, ndipo pawindo lomwe likutsegula, tembenuzirani mawonekedwe ku "Kwa maselo onse".
Tsopano, tebulo lathu mwachidule lapezeka.
Kupanga tebulo la pivot pogwiritsira ntchito Pivot Table Wizard
Mukhoza kupanga tebulo la pivot pogwiritsira ntchito Pivot Table Wizard. Koma, chifukwa cha ichi, nthawi yomweyo muyenera kubweretsa chida ichi ku Quick Access Toolbar. Pitani ku "Fayilo" chinthu cha menyu, ndipo dinani pa "Parameters".
Muwindo lazenera lomwe limatsegulira, pitani ku gawo la "Quick Access Panel". Timasankha magulu ochokera magulu pa tepi. Mu mndandanda wa zinthu, yang'anani pa "Pivot Table ndi Mtchadi". Sankhani, dinani pa "Add" batani, ndiyeno pa batani "OK" m'munsi kumanja pakona pawindo.
Monga mukuonera, zotsatira za zochita zathu, chithunzi chatsopano chimapezeka pa Quick Access Toolbar. Dinani pa izo.
Pambuyo pake, mzere wanyumba wonyamulira umatsegula. Monga momwe mukuonera, tili ndi njira zinayi zogwiritsira ntchito deta, kuchokera patebulo la pivot lomwe lidzapangidwe:
- m'ndandanda kapena m'ndandanda wa Microsoft Excel;
- mu chithunzi chakunja cha deta (fayilo ina);
- mu zigawo zingapo zomangiriza;
- mu tebulo lina lapivot kapena chithunzi chazithunzi.
Pansi, muyenera kusankha zomwe titi tipange, tebulo la pivot kapena tchati. Sankhani kusankha ndipo dinani pa "Botsatira".
Pambuyo pake, mawindo amawoneka ndi tebulo limodzi ndi deta yomwe mungasinthe ngati mukufuna, koma sitiyenera kuchita izi. Ingolani pa batani "Yotsatira".
Kenaka, Wizard ya Pivot Table ikupereka kusankha malo omwe gome latsopano lidzaikidwa pa tsamba limodzi kapena latsopano. Sankhani kusankha, ndipo dinani pa batani "Wachita".
Pambuyo pake, pepala latsopano limatsegula ndi mawonekedwe omwewo omwe anatsegulidwa mwa njira yodziwika kuti apange tebulo la pivot. Choncho, zimakhala zopanda nzeru kukhalapo payekha.
Zochitika zonse zowonjezera zimachitidwa molingana ndi ndondomeko yomweyo yomwe inanenedwa pamwambapa.
Monga mukuonera, mukhoza kupanga tebulo la pivot ku Microsoft Excel m'njira ziwiri: mwa njira yowonjezera kudzera pakani pa riboni, ndikugwiritsa ntchito Pivot Table Wizard. Njira yachiwiri imapereka zina zowonjezera, koma nthawi zambiri, ntchito yoyamba ndi yokwanira kukwaniritsa ntchitoyi. Masamba apakati angapangitse deta mu malipoti pa pafupifupi njira iliyonse yomwe womasulirayo akufotokozera muzokonzera.
