Pamene mukugwira ntchito ku Excel, magome ena amafika kukula kokongola. Zimenezi zimapangitsa kuti kukula kwa chilembacho chiwonjezeke, nthawi zina kufika ngakhale ma megabyte khumi kapena awiri. Kuwonjezeka kwa kulemera kwa buku la Excel sikuti kumawonjezera kuchuluka kwa malo omwe ali pa disk, koma makamaka, kuchepetsa kuthamanga kwa zochitika ndi njira zosiyanasiyana mmenemo. Mwachidule, pamene mukugwira ntchito ndi chikalata choterocho, Excel imayamba kuchepa. Choncho, nkhani yokonzetsa ndi kuchepetsa kukula kwa mabuku amenewa imakhala yofulumira. Tiyeni tione momwe mungachepetse kukula kwa fayilo ku Excel.
Ndondomeko yochepetsera kukula kwa bukhu
Kukulitsa fayilo yowonjezera iyenera kukhala maulendo angapo kamodzi. Ogwiritsa ntchito ambiri samaganiza, koma nthawi zambiri buku la Excel lili ndi zambiri zosafunikira. Ngati fayilo ndi yaing'ono, palibe amene amamvetsera mwatcheru, koma ngati chikalatacho chikukhala chovuta, muyenera kuchikulitsa ndi magawo onse.
Njira 1: kuchepetsa mtundu wa ntchito
Machitidwe ogwira ntchito ndi malo omwe Excel amakumbukira zochitikazo. Mukakonzanso chikalata, pulogalamuyi imakonzanso maselo onse a malo ogwirira ntchito. Koma nthawi zonse sizigwirizana ndi mtundu umene wogwiritsira ntchito amagwira ntchito. Mwachitsanzo, malo osadziwika mwachindunji pansi pa tebuloyo ikulitsa kukula kwa ntchito yogwirira ntchito yomwe malo awa ali. Zikupezeka kuti pamene akonzedwanso, Excel idzakonza gulu la maselo opanda kanthu nthawi iliyonse. Tiyeni tione momwe mungathetsere vutoli mwachitsanzo pa tebulo lapadera.
- Choyamba, yang'anani kulemera kwake musanayambe kukhathamiritsa, kuyerekezera zomwe zidzakhalire mutatha. Izi zingatheke mwa kusamukira ku tabu "Foni". Pitani ku gawoli "Zambiri". Mu gawo loyenera la zenera lotseguka, zikuluzikulu za bukhulo zikuwonetsedwa. Chinthu choyamba cha katundu ndi kukula kwa chikalatacho. Monga momwe mukuonera, kwa ife ndi 56.5 kilobytes.
- Choyamba, muyenera kudziwa momwe malo ogwirira ntchitoyi akusiyana ndi omwe wogwiritsa ntchito amafunikira kwenikweni. Izi ndizosavuta kuchita. Timakhala mu selo iliyonse pa tebulo ndikulemba mgwirizano Ctrl + Mapeto. Nthawi yomweyo Excel imapita ku selo lotsiriza, yomwe pulogalamuyo imakhala ngati gawo lomaliza la ntchito. Monga momwe mukuonera, mwachoncho, ili ndi mzere 913383. Popeza kuti tebulo kwenikweni limakhala ndi mizere isanu ndi umodzi yoyamba, zikhoza kuonetsedwa kuti mizere 913377 ndizopanda pake, zomwe zimangowonjezera kukula kwa fayilo, koma, chifukwa cha Kukonzekera nthawi zonse kwa pulogalamuyi pamene mukuchita chilichonse, kumapangitsa kuti pang'onopang'ono ntchitoyo isachedwe.
Zoonadi, zenizeni, kusiyana kwakukulu pakati pa zenizeni zogwira ntchito ndi limodzi la Excel likuchitenga silolinso kochepa, ndipo tinatenga mizere yambiri kuti tifotokoze bwino. Ngakhale, nthawizina pamakhala zochitika pamene gawo lonse la pepala limaonedwa ngati malo ogwira ntchito.
- Pofuna kuthetsa vutoli, muyenera kuchotsa mizere yonse, kuyambira choyamba chopanda kanthu mpaka kumapeto kwa pepala. Kuti muchite izi, sankhani selo yoyamba, yomwe ili pansipa pa tebulo, ndipo lembani mgwirizano Ctrl + Shift + Pansi Mzere.
- Monga momwe mukuonera, zitachitika, zonse zomwe zili m'kaundula yoyamba zinasankhidwa, kuyambira pa selo yeniyeni ndi kumapeto kwa tebulo. Kenako dinani zomwe zili ndi batani lamanja la mouse. Muzitsegulo zotseguka, sankhani chinthucho "Chotsani".
Owerenga ambiri amayesa kuchotsa podutsa batani. Chotsani pabokosi, koma izi sizolondola. Kuchita izi kumatsegula zomwe zili mu maselo, koma sizimachotsa okha. Choncho, ifeyo sizingathandize.
- Titasankha chinthucho "Chotsani ..." muzithunzi zamkati, mawindo ang'onoang'ono ochotsa selo amatsegulira. Timayika pamasewerawo "Mzere" ndipo dinani pa batani "Chabwino".
- Mizere yonse ya mitundu yosankhidwayo yachotsedwa. Onetsetsani kuti mubwezeretsenso bukhuli podalira chizindikiro cha diskette kumbali yakumanzere yazenera pawindo.
- Tsopano tiyeni tiwone momwe zinatithandizira ife. Sankhani selo lirilonse patebulo ndikulemba njira Ctrl + Mapeto. Monga mukuonera, Excel anasankha selo lotsiriza la tebulo, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti tsopano ndi gawo lomaliza la ntchito ya pepala.
- Tsopano ife tikusunthira ku gawolo "Zambiri" tabu "Foni"kuti mudziwe kuchuluka kwake kwa chilembo chathu chachepetsedwa. Monga mukuonera, tsopano ndi 32.5 KB. Kumbukirani kuti musanayambe kukonzekera, kukula kwake kunali 56.5 KB. Kotero, izo zachepetsedwa ndi maulendo opitirira 1.7. Koma pakadali pano, kupindula kwakukulu sikungathe kuchepetsa kulemera kwake kwa fayilo, koma kuti pulogalamuyi tsopano yakukhululukidwa ndikufotokozera mtundu wosagwiritsidwa ntchito, zomwe zidzakulitsa mwamphamvu kwambiri msinthidwewo.
Ngati bukhuli liri ndi mapepala angapo omwe mumagwira nawo ntchito, muyenera kuchita chimodzimodzi. Izi zidzakuthandizanso kuchepetsa kukula kwa chikalata.
Njira 2: kuthetseratu zovuta kupanga
Chinthu china chofunika chomwe chimapangitsa chikalata cha Excel chili cholemera kwambiri. Izi zingaphatikizepo kugwiritsa ntchito mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya ma fonti, malire, mafomu a nambala, koma choyamba chimakhudza kudzazidwa kwa maselo okhala ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana. Kotero musanayambe kujambula fayilo, muyenera kuganiza mobwerezabwereza, ndipo ngati kuli koyenera kuchita kapena popanda njirayi, mukhoza kuchita mosavuta.
Izi ndizofunikira makamaka m'mabuku omwe ali ndi zambirimbiri, zomwe iwo kale ali nazo zazikulu. Kuwonjezera kuyika ma bukhu ku bukhu kungapangitse kulemera kwake kangapo. Choncho, m'pofunikira kusankha "golidi kutanthawuza" pakati pa kuwonekeratu kwa chidziwitso chomwe chili mu chilemba ndi fayilo kukula, kugwiritsa ntchito mapangidwe kumene ndikofunikira kwenikweni.
Chinthu china chokhudzana ndi kupanga, kulemetsa, ndi chakuti ena ogwiritsa ntchito amasankha kupanga ma selo "pamphepete." Izi zikutanthauza kuti iwo samapanga tebulo lokha, komanso maulendo omwe ali pansi pake, nthawi zina mpaka kumapeto kwa pepala, ndi kuyembekezera kuti pamene mizere yatsopano iwonjezedwera patebulo, sikufunikanso kuwongolera kachiwiri nthawi iliyonse.
Koma sizikudziwika bwino pamene mizere yatsopano idzawonjezeredwa ndi zingati zidzawonjezeredwa, ndipo ndi maonekedwe oyambirira mudzapanga fayilo ngakhale tsopano, yomwe idzakhala ndi zotsatira zolakwika pa liwiro la ntchito ndi chikalata ichi. Choncho, ngati mwagwiritsira ntchito maonekedwe kuti mugulitse maselo omwe sali nawo patebulo, ndiye kuti muyenera kuwusiya.
- Choyamba, muyenera kusankha maselo onse omwe ali pansipa ndi deta. Kuti muchite izi, dinani nambala ya mzere woyamba wopanda kanthu pazowunikira zowonongeka. Mzere wonse umatsindikizidwa. Pambuyo pake gwiritsani ntchito makiyi otentha omwe tidziwa kale. Ctrl + Shift + Pansi Mzere.
- Pambuyo pake, mizera yonse pansi pa gawo la tebulo lodzaza ndi deta likuwonekera. Kukhala mu tab "Kunyumba" dinani pazithunzi "Chotsani"yomwe ili pa tepiyi mu zida za zipangizo Kusintha. Menyu yaing'ono imatsegulidwa. Sankhani malo mmenemo "Chotsani Zomangamanga".
- Pambuyo pa maselo onse a osankhidwa, mapangidwe adzasulidwa.
- Mofananamo, mungathe kuchotsa maonekedwe osayenera mu tebulo palokha. Kuti tichite izi, timasankha maselo kapena maulendo omwe timaganizira kuti maonekedwe ndi othandiza kwambiri, dinani pa batani. "Chotsani" Pa tepi ndi pa mndandanda, sankhani chinthucho "Chotsani Zomangamanga".
- Monga momwe mukuonera, kuyika mudongosolo ladasankhidwa kwachotsedwa kwathunthu.
- Pambuyo pake, tibwereranso kuzinthu zina zomwe timaganiza kuti zili zoyenera: malire, mawonekedwe apamwamba, ndi zina zotero.
Masitepewa angakuthandizeni kuchepetsa kwambiri kukula kwa buku la Excel ndi kufulumizitsa ntchito mmenemo. Koma ndi bwino kuyamba kugwiritsa ntchito mapangidwe okhaokha kumene kuli koyenera komanso kofunikira, kusiyana ndi kupatula nthawi yogwiritsira ntchito ndondomekoyi.
PHUNZIRO: Kupanga ma tebulo a Excel
Njira 3: chotsani maulumikizi
Muzinthu zina, chiwerengero chachikulu cha maulumikizi, kuchokera ku zikopa zomwe mukukoka. Izi zikhoza kuchepetseratu mofulumira liwiro la ntchito mwa iwo. Zogwirizana ndi mabuku ena zimakhudza makamaka masewerawa, ngakhale kuti zowonjezera zamkati zimakhala ndi zotsatira zoipa pa liwiro. Ngati chitsimikizocho chimachokera pamalumikizi sichimasinthidwa, ndiye kuti ndizomveka kutengera ma aderesi omwe ali ndi maselo abwino. Izi zikhoza kuwonjezera liwiro la ntchito ndi chikalata. Mukhoza kuona ngati kugwirizana kapena kufunika kuli mu selo yeniyeni; mukhoza mu barra yotsatira mukasankha chinthucho.
- Sankhani malo omwe ali ndi maulumikizidwe. Kukhala mu tab "Kunyumba", dinani pa batani "Kopani" yomwe ili pa riboni m'magulu opangira "Zokongoletsera".
Mwinanso, mutasankha mtunduwo, mungagwiritse ntchito makina otentha. Ctrl + C.
- Tikapanda kukopera deta, musachotse kusankha muderalo, koma dinani ndi batani lamanja la mouse. Menyu yotsatira ikuyambitsidwa. Momwemo mu chipika "Njira Zowonjezera" muyenera kudina pazithunzi "Makhalidwe". Zikuwoneka ngati pictogram ndi ziwerengero zomwe zikuwonetsedwa.
- Pambuyo pake, maulumikizano onse kumalo osankhidwa adzasinthidwa ndi chiwerengero cha chiwerengero.
Koma tiyenera kukumbukira kuti njirayi yowonjezeretsa buku la Excel sivomerezeka nthawi zonse. Ikhoza kugwiritsidwa ntchito pokhapokha ngati deta yochokera ku gwero lapachiyambi siigwedezeka, ndiko kuti, sasintha ndi nthawi.
Njira 4: kusintha kwa maonekedwe
Njira inanso yochepetsera kukula kwa fayilo ndiyo kusintha maonekedwe ake. Njirayi ingathandize kwambiri kuposa ena onse kuti azipukuta buku, ngakhale kuti zomwe zili pamwambazi zikufunikanso kugwiritsidwa ntchito pamodzi.
Mu Excel, pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mafayilo - xls, xlsx, xlsm, xlsb. Fomu ya xls inali yowonjezeredwa kwazitsulo kwa pulogalamu ya Excel 2003 ndi kale. Zatha kale, koma, komabe, ogwiritsa ntchito ambiri akupitirizabe kugwiritsa ntchito. Kuwonjezera apo, pali zochitika pamene mukuyenera kubwerera kuntchito ndi mafayi akale omwe adalengedwa zaka zambiri zapitazo ngakhale nthawi za kusowa kwa mawonekedwe amakono. Osatchulapo kuti mapulogalamu ambiri a chipani chachitatu omwe sakudziwa momwe angagwiritsire ntchito matembenuzidwe akale a Excel malemba amagwiritsa ntchito mabuku omwe ali ndizowonjezereka.
Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti bukhuli ndi kukula kwa xls ali ndi kukula kwakukulu kuposa momwe alili masiku ano ofanana ndi mawonekedwe a xlsx, omwe Excel akugwiritsa ntchito monga yaikulu. Choyamba, izi ndi chifukwa chakuti mafayilo a xlsx, makamaka, amaumirizidwa m'makalata. Choncho, ngati mugwiritsa ntchito xls kufotokozera, koma mukufuna kuchepetsa kulemera kwake kwa bukhu, ndiye izi zingatheke pokhapokha ngati mukuzibwezeretsanso mu xlsx.
- Kuti mutembenuzire chikalata kuchokera ku xls maonekedwe mpaka xlsx maonekedwe, pitani ku tab "Foni".
- Pawindo lomwe limatsegulira, nthawi yomweyo samverani chigawochi "Zambiri"kumene zikusonyezedwa kuti pakalipano kulemera kwa chilembacho ndi 40 Kb. Kenako, dinani pa dzina "Sungani Monga ...".
- Kusegula mawindo kumatsegula. Ngati mukufuna, mukhoza kupita kuwongolera latsopano mmenemo, koma kwa ogwiritsa ntchito ambiri ndizosavuta kusungirako chikalata chatsopano pamalo omwewo monga gwero. Dzina la bukhulo, ngati likukhumba, lingasinthidwe mu "Fayilo la Dzina", ngakhale sikuti. Chofunika kwambiri mu ndondomekoyi ndi kuyika kumunda "Fayilo Fayilo" tanthauzo "Buku la ntchito ya Excel (.xlsx)". Pambuyo pake, mukhoza kusindikiza batani "Chabwino" pansi pazenera.
- Pambuyo kupulumutsidwa kwachitika, pitani ku gawo "Zambiri" tabu "Foni", kuti aone kuchuluka kwake kuchepa. Monga mukuonera, tsopano ndi 13.5 KB motsutsana ndi 40 KB musanayambe kusintha. Ndiko kusungira kamodzi kokha mu machitidwe amakono omwe anatilola kupondereza buku pafupifupi katatu.
Kuonjezerapo, mu Excel palinso mtundu wina wamakono wa xlsb kapena buku lachiwiri. Mmenemo, chikalatacho chimasungidwa mu encoding binary. Mafayiwa amalemera ngakhale zochepa kuposa mabuku a xlsx. Kuonjezera apo, chilankhulo chomwe adalemba chiri pafupi kwambiri ndi Excel. Choncho, limagwira ntchito ndi mabukuwa mofulumira kusiyana ndi kufalikira kwina kulikonse. Pa nthawi yomweyi, bukhu la maonekedwe omwe alipo komanso momwe angagwiritsire ntchito zipangizo zosiyanasiyana (maonekedwe, ntchito, mafilimu, ndi zina zotero) sizomwe zili zochepa ndi maonekedwe a xlsx komanso kuposa maonekedwe a xls.
Chifukwa chachikulu chimene xlsb sichinasinthire mawonekedwe mu Excel ndikuti mapulogalamu a chipani chachitatu sagwira nawo ntchito. Mwachitsanzo, ngati mukufuna kutumiza uthenga kuchokera ku Excel kupita ku pulogalamu ya 1C, izi zingatheke ndi xlsx kapena xls zikalata, koma osati ndi xlsb. Koma, ngati simukukonzekera kuti mutumize deta ku pulogalamu iliyonse ya chipani, ndiye kuti mutha kusungira chikalata mosamala mu maonekedwe a xlsb. Izi zidzakuthandizani kuti muchepetse kukula kwa chikalata ndikuonjezera liwiro la ntchito mmenemo.
Ndondomeko yosungira fayilo kukulitsa kwa xlsb ndi yofanana ndi yomwe tidachita kuwonjezera kwa xlsx. Mu tab "Foni" dinani pa chinthu "Sungani Monga ...". Muwindo lotsegula lotseguka m'munda "Fayilo Fayilo" muyenera kusankha kusankha "Buku lopangira buku la Excel (* .xlsb)". Kenaka dinani pa batani. Sungani ".
Timayang'ana kulemera kwake kwa chigawocho. "Zambiri". Monga mukuonera, yacheperapo kwambiri ndipo tsopano ndi 11.6 KB basi.
Kuphatikiza mwachidule, tikhoza kunena kuti ngati mukugwira ntchito ndi fayilo muwonekedwe, njira yabwino kwambiri yochepetsera kukula kwake ndikubwezeretsanso mafomu a xlsx kapena xlsb amakono. Ngati mukugwiritsira ntchito zowonjezeretsa mafayilowa, ndiye kuti muchepetse kulemera kwawo, muyenera kukonza bwino malo ogwira ntchito, kuchotsani maonekedwe akuluakulu ndi maulendo osayenera. Mudzapeza kubwerera kwakukulu ngati mukuchita zovuta zonsezi, ndipo musangokhala ndi njira imodzi yokha.
