Cholakwika, kapena, monga momwe zimatchulidwira nthawi zambiri, masamu amatanthauza kulakwitsa, ndi imodzi mwa zofunikira zowerengetsera zizindikiro. Pogwiritsira ntchito chizindikiro ichi, mungathe kudziwa momwe chitsanzocho chilili. Ndichofunikanso kwambiri pakuneneratu. Tiyeni tione momwe mungathe kuwerengera zolakwika zomwe mumagwiritsa ntchito zida za Microsoft Excel.
Kuwerengera kwa chiwerengero cha masamu
Chimodzi mwa zizindikiro zomwe zimasonyeza kukhulupirika ndi homogeneity ya chitsanzo ndi zolakwika zofanana. Mtengo uwu ndiwo mizu yachitsulo cha kusiyana kwake. Kusiyanasiyana kokha ndilo tanthauzo lalikulu la masamulo amatanthawuza. Chiwerengero cha masamu chimawerengedwa pogawaniza phindu lonse la zojambulazo ndi chiwerengero chawo chonse.
Mu Excel, pali njira ziwiri zowerengera zolakwikazo: kugwiritsa ntchito ntchito ndi kugwiritsa ntchito zipangizo za Analysis Package. Tiyeni tiwone bwinobwino njira iliyonseyi.
Njira 1: Gwiritsani ntchito ntchito zosiyanasiyana
Choyamba, tiyeni tipange ndondomeko ya zochitika pazitsanzo zenizeni powerengera zilembo zenizeni, kugwiritsa ntchito ntchitoyi kuphatikizapo ntchito. Kuti tichite ntchitoyo timafunikira ogwira ntchito STANDOWCLON.V, MALO ndi ACCOUNT.
Mwachitsanzo, tidzatha kugwiritsa ntchito chitsanzo cha nambala khumi ndi ziwiri zomwe zikupezeka patebulo.
- Sankhani selo momwe phindu lonse liwonetsedwe, ndipo dinani pazithunzi "Ikani ntchito".
- Kutsegulidwa Mlaliki Wachipangizo. Kusunthira "Zotsatira". Mndandanda wa mayina omwe akupezekawo akusankha dzina "STANDOTKLON.V".
- Festile yotsutsana ya mawu apamwambawa ayambitsidwa. STANDOWCLON.V cholingalira kuti muyese kulingalira kosasintha kwa chitsanzocho. Mawu awa ali ndi zizindikiro zotsatirazi:
= STDEV.V (nambala1; nambala2; ...)"Number1" ndipo zotsatila zotsatirazi ndizinthu zamtengo wapatali kapena mafotokozedwe a maselo ndi mapepala a mapepala omwe ali. Pakhoza kukhala zotsutsa zokwana 255 za mtundu uwu. Ndemanga yoyamba yokha ndiyofunika.
Choncho, ikani chotsekeramo kumunda "Number1". Kenaka, onetsetsani kuti mugwirizane ndi batani lamanzere, sankhani mtundu wonse wa zitsanzo pa pepala ndi chithunzithunzi. Zogwirizanitsa zazomwezi zikuwonetsedwa nthawi yomweyo m'munda wawindo. Pambuyo pake timatsegula batani. "Chabwino".
- Mu selo pa pepala amasonyeza zotsatira za chiwerengero cha woyendetsa STANDOWCLON.V. Koma izi siziri zolakwika za masamu kumatanthauza. Kuti tipeze mtengo wofunikirako, kupotoza kwabwino kuyenera kugawidwa ndi mizere yambiri ya chiwerengero cha zitsanzo. Kuti mupitirize kuwerengera, sankhani selo lili ndi ntchito STANDOWCLON.V. Zitatha izi, timayika ndondomekoyi m'mawu amodzi ndi pambuyo pa mawu omwe alipo kale tikuwonjezera chizindikiro chogawa (/). Pambuyo pa izi, ife timakani pa chithunzi cha katatu chitatembenuzidwira pansi, chomwe chili kumanzere kwa bar. Mndandanda wa ntchito zomwe wagwiritsidwa ntchito posachedwa zimatsegulidwa. Ngati mutapeza dzina la wogwiritsira ntchito "ROOT"ndiye pitani pa dzina ili. Apo ayi, dinani pa chinthucho "Zina ...".
- Yambiraninso Oyang'anira ntchito. Nthawi ino tiyenera kupita ku gululi "Masamu". Mu mndandanda womwe wawonetsedwawa sankhani dzina "ROOT" ndipo dinani pa batani "Chabwino".
- Ntchito yotsutsana yenera ikutsegula. MALO. Ntchito yokhayo ya woyendetsa ntchitoyi ndi kuwerengera mizere yokhalapo ya nambala yopatsidwa. Mawu ake omasulira ndi osavuta kwambiri:
= ROOT (nambala)Monga mukuonera, ntchitoyi ili ndi kukangana kokha. "Nambala". Ikhoza kuimiridwa ndi mtengo wamtengo, kutanthawuzira kwa selo yomwe ilipo, kapena ntchito ina yomwe imawerengetsa nambalayi. Njira yotsiriza idzafotokozedwa mu chitsanzo chathu.
Ikani cholozera mmunda "Nambala" ndipo dinani pa triangle yamtunduwu, yomwe imayambitsa mndandanda wa ntchito zomwe zangogwiritsidwa ntchito posachedwapa. Kuyang'ana dzina mmenemo "NKHANI". Ngati tipeze, ndiye dinani pa izo. Mulimonsemo, kachiwiri, pitani ndi dzina "Zina ...".
- Muwindo lotseguka Oyang'anira ntchito sungani ku gulu "Zotsatira". Kumeneko timasankha dzina "NKHANI" ndipo dinani pa batani "Chabwino".
- Ntchito yotsutsana zenera ikuyamba. ACCOUNT. Wogwiritsidwa ntchitoyo wapangidwa kuti awerengere chiwerengero cha maselo omwe ali ndi ziwerengero zamtundu. Kwa ife, izo ziwerengera chiwerengero cha zowonongeka zomwe zimayambira ndikufotokozera zotsatira kwa olemba "mayi". MALO. Chidule cha ntchitoyi ndi ichi:
= COUNT (value1; value2; ...)Monga zifukwa "Phindu", zomwe zikhoza kukhala zidutswa zokwana 255, ndizofotokozera mndandanda wa maselo. Ikani cholozera mmunda Chofunika1 ", gwiritsani batani lamanzere ndi kusankha mtundu wonse wa zitsanzo. Mapulogalamu ake atayikidwa m'munda, dinani pa batani "Chabwino".
- Pambuyo pachitsiriza chotsiriza, chiwerengero cha maselo odzaza ndi manambala sichiwerengedwa, koma kuwonongeka kwa chiwerengero cha masamu kudzawerengedwanso, chifukwa ichi chinali chigamulo chomaliza mu ntchitoyi. Kukula kwa zolakwika zofanana kumachokera mu selo momwe machitidwe ovutawo aliri, mawonekedwe ake omwe ndi awa:
= STDEV.V (B2: B13) / ROOT (ACCOUNT (B2: B13))Chotsatira cha kuwerengera chiwerengerochi chimatanthauza kulakwitsa 0,505793. Tiyeni tikumbukire chiwerengero ichi ndikuchiyerekeza ndi chomwe timapeza pamene tithetsa vutoli mwa njira yotsatirayi.
Koma chowonadi ndi chakuti kwa zitsanzo zing'onozing'ono (kufika pa magawo 30) kuti zikhale molondola molondola ndibwino kugwiritsa ntchito njira yowonongeka pang'ono. Mmenemo, mtengo wolekanitsa wolekanitsa uli wogawidwa osati ndi mizere yambiri ya chiwerengero cha zitsanzo, koma ndi mizu yachindunji ya chiwerengero cha zinthu zomwe zimapangidwira. Potero, poganizira mafotokozedwe a zitsanzo zazing'ono, mayendedwe athu atenga mawonekedwe awa:
= STDEV.V (B2: B13) / ROOT (ACCOUNT (B2: B13) -1)
PHUNZIRO: Ntchito Zogwira Ntchito mu Excel
Njira 2: Gwiritsani ntchito Chida Chofotokozera Chida
Njira yachiwiri yowerengera zolakwikazo mu Excel ndi kugwiritsa ntchito chida "Zomwe Zikufotokozedwa"kuphatikizapo mu bukhuli "Kusanthula Deta" ("Analysis Package"). "Zomwe Zikufotokozedwa" Lembani mndandanda wa zitsanzozo malinga ndi njira zosiyanasiyana. Mmodzi wa iwo akungopeza kupeza masamu kumatanthauza kulakwitsa.
Koma kuti mugwiritse ntchito mwayi umenewu, muyenera kuchitapo kanthu mwamsanga "Analysis Package", monga mwachindunji imalephera ku Excel.
- Ndondomeko yachitsulo itseguka, pitani ku tab "Foni".
- Kenaka, pogwiritsa ntchito menyu yowongoka, yendani kudutsa mu chinthucho mpaka gawolo "Zosankha".
- Fayilo lawindo la Excel likuyamba. Kumanzere kwawindo ili pali masamba omwe timasunthira ku chigawochi Zowonjezera.
- Pansi pawindo lomwe likuwonekera, pali munda "Management". Timayika parameter mmenemo Zowonjezeretsa Zolemba ndipo dinani pa batani "Pitani ..." kumanja kwake.
- Wowonjezera mawindo ayamba ndi mndandanda wa malemba omwe alipo. Lembani dzina "Analysis Package" ndipo dinani pa batani "Chabwino" kumanja kwawindo.
- Pambuyo pachitsiriza chomaliza, gulu la zida zatsopano lidzawonekera pa riboni, lomwe liri ndi dzina "Kusanthula". Kuti mupite kwa izo, dinani pa dzina la tabu "Deta".
- Pambuyo pa kusintha, dinani pa batani "Kusanthula Deta" mu chigawo cha zipangizo "Kusanthula"yomwe ili kumapeto kwa tepi.
- Zida zosanthula zosankha zowonekera. Sankhani dzina "Zomwe Zikufotokozedwa" ndipo dinani pa batani "Chabwino" kumanja.
- Zowonjezera zowonjezera za chida chogwirizanitsa chiwerengero chazomwe chikuyambira. "Zomwe Zikufotokozedwa".
Kumunda "Nthawi yolowera" muyenera kufotokozera ma selo angapo omwe ali patebulo momwe mayesero owonetsedwawo ali. Zimakhala zovuta kuchita izi mwadongosolo, ngakhale n'zotheka, kotero timayika mtolo mkati mwachindunji, ndipo pamene mukugwira batani lamanzere pansi, sankhani malemba omwe ali ofanana pa pepala. Zogwirizanitsa zake zidzawonetsedwa pomwepo m'munda wawindo.
Mu chipika "Kugawa" chotsani zosinthika zosasinthika. Izi zikutanthauza kuti kusinthana kuyenera kuyima pambali "Ndi ndondomeko". Ngati ayi, ndiye kuti iyenera kukonzanso.
Sungani "Tags mu mzere woyamba" sangathe kuyika. Kuti tipeze yankho la funso lathu silofunika.
Chotsatira, pitani kuzipangizozo "Zosankha Zotsatsa". Pano muyenera kufotokoza kumene zotsatira zake zidawonetsedwa. "Zomwe Zikufotokozedwa":
- Pa pepala latsopano;
- M'buku latsopano (fayilo ina);
- Mulime lachindunji la pepala lamakono.
Tiyeni tisankhe chotsatira cha izi. Kuti muchite izi, yesani kusinthana kumalo "Kugawa Malo" ndipo ikani malonda mmunda moyang'anizana ndi izi. Pambuyo pake timakani pa pepala ndi selo, zomwe zidzakhala pamwamba pamtundu wotsalira wazomwe zikutuluka. Zogwirizanitsa zake ziyenera kuwonetsedwa mmunda momwe ife tinayikapo kalembera.
Zotsatirazi ndizoyimika zomwe zimasankha deta yomwe mukufuna kuti mulowemo:
- Ziwerengero za chidule;
- Q th wamkulu;
- Ochepa kwambiri;
- Mlingo wokhazikika
Kuti mudziwe zolakwika zofanana, onetsetsani kuti muyang'ane bokosi pafupi "Chidule Chachiwerengero". Mosiyana ndi zina zonse zomwe timakayikira pa luntha lathu. Sichidzakhudza yankho la ntchito yathu yaikulu mwa njira iliyonse.
Pambuyo pazithunzi zonse pawindo "Zomwe Zikufotokozedwa" ikani, dinani pa batani "Chabwino" kumanja kwake.
- Pambuyo pa chida ichi "Zomwe Zikufotokozedwa" imasonyeza zotsatira za chitsanzo chokonzekera pa pepala lamakono. Monga mukuonera, pali zizindikiro zosiyanasiyana zowerengetsera, koma pakati pawo ndizo zomwe timafunikira - "Zolakwitsa Zomwe". Ndilofanana ndi chiwerengero 0,505793. Ichi ndi chimodzimodzi zotsatira zomwe timapindula pogwiritsa ntchito njira yovuta pofotokozera njira yapitayi.
PHUNZIRO: Ziwerengero zofotokozera mu Excel
Monga mukuonera, mu Excel mungathe kuwerengera zolakwikazo mu njira ziwiri: kugwiritsa ntchito ndondomeko ya ntchito ndikugwiritsira ntchito chida cha phukusi "Zomwe Zikufotokozedwa". Chotsatira chomaliza chidzakhala chimodzimodzi. Kotero, kusankha kwa njira kumadalira mosavuta wa wosuta ndi ntchito yapadera. Mwachitsanzo, ngati masamuwo amatanthauza kulakwitsa ndi chimodzi mwa zizindikiro zambiri zowonetsera ziwerengero zomwe ziyenera kuwerengedwa, ndiye kuti ndi bwino kugwiritsa ntchito chida "Zomwe Zikufotokozedwa". Koma ngati mukufuna kuwerengera chizindikirochi, ndiye kuti mupewe kuwonjezerapo deta yowonjezera, ndi bwino kugwiritsa ntchito njira yovuta. Pachifukwa ichi, zotsatira za kuwerengera zimalowa m'seri imodzi ya pepala.
