Posankha chowunika kapena laputopu, kawirikawiri mumakhala funso lakuti masewera otchinga amasankha: IPS, TN kapena VA. Komanso mu zida za malonda apo pali matembenuzidwe osiyanasiyana a matrices, monga UWVA, PLS kapena AH-IPS, komanso zinthu zopanda pake ndi matelojekiti monga IGZO.
Muzokambiranayi - mwatsatanetsatane za kusiyana pakati pa matrices osiyanasiyana, ndi zomwe ziri bwino: IPS kapena TN, mwinamwake - VA, komanso chifukwa chake yankho la funso ili silimaganizira nthawi zonse. Onaninso: USB Type-C ndi Thunderbolt 3 oyang'anitsitsa, Matte kapena glossy screen - ndi bwino?
IPS vs TN vs VA - kusiyana kwakukulu
Poyamba, kusiyana kwakukulu pakati pa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya matrices: IPS (Kusintha kwa ndege), TN (Twisted Nematic) ndi VA (komanso MVA ndi PVA - Vertical Alignment) yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zojambula ndi ma laptops kwa wogwiritsa ntchito mapeto.
Ndikudziwa pasadakhale kuti tikukamba za matupi a mtundu uliwonse, chifukwa, ngati titenga mawonekedwe enieni, ndiye kuti pakati pa mapulogalamu awiri osiyanasiyana a IPS nthawi zina amakhala osiyana kusiyana pakati pa ma IPS ndi TN, omwe tikambirananso.
- Matrices a TN amapambana nthawi yotsatila ndi ndondomeko yotsitsimula: Zambiri zojambula ndi nthawi yowonjezera ya 1 ms ndipo maulendo angapo a 144 Hz ndi ndendende TFT TN, choncho amagulidwa kawirikawiri kuti azisewera masewerawa. Mapulogalamu a IPS ndi maulendo atsitsi okwana 144 Hz adagulitsidwa kale, koma: mtengo wawo ukadali wopambana poyerekeza ndi "Wachikhalidwe IPS" ndi "TN 144 Hz", ndipo nthawi yotsatila imakhalabe pa 4 ms (koma pali zitsanzo zomwe 1 ms watulutsidwa ). VA kuyang'anira ndi mpweya wabwino kwambiri komanso nthawi yowonjezera yowonjezera imapezeka, koma mwa chiwerengero cha chikhalidwe ichi ndi mtengo wa TN - pamalo oyamba.
- IPS ili malingaliro aakulu kwambiri ndipo ichi ndi chimodzi mwa ubwino waukulu wa mapepala awa, VA - malo achiwiri, TN - otsiriza. Izi zikutanthauza kuti poyang'ana mbali ya chinsalu, zochepa za mtundu ndi kupotoka kwa kuwala zidzaonekera pa IPS.
- Pachilombo cha IPS, tembenukani, pali vuto losavuta m'makona kapena m'mphepete mwa mdima wakuda, ngati amawonedwa kuchokera kumbali kapena kukhala ndi chowunika chachikulu, pafupifupi, monga chithunzi chili pansipa.
- Kusintha kwa maonekedwe - pano, kachiwiri, kawirikawiri, IPS ikupambana, kufotokoza mtundu wawo kumawoneka bwino kusiyana ndi ma matrices a TN ndi VA. Pafupifupi matrices onse omwe ali ndi mtundu wa 10-bit ndi IPS, koma muyezo ndi 8 bits kwa IPS ndi VA, 6 bits kwa TN (koma palinso 8-bit za TN matrix).
- VA akugwira ntchito kusiyana: Matrices awa amateteza kuwala bwino ndikupereka mtundu wakuda wakuda. Ndi mawonekedwe a mtundu, iwo, nawonso, ali oposa bwino kuposa TN.
- Mtengo - Monga lamulo, ndi zizindikiro zina zofanana, mtengo wa pulogalamu yapamwamba kapena laputopu ndi TN kapena VA matrix idzakhala yochepa kusiyana ndi IPS.
Pali kusiyana kosiyana komwe sikungapangitse chidwi pa: Mwachitsanzo, TN imagwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zochepa ndipo sizingakhale zofunikira kwambiri pa PC (koma zingakhale zofunikira pa laputopu).
Kodi ndi masewera otani omwe ali abwino kwa masewera, mafilimu ndi zolinga zina?
Ngati ichi sichiri choyamba chomwe mukuwerenga zokhudza matrices osiyanasiyana, ndiye kuti mwinamwake mwawona kale zogwirizana:
- Ngati ndinu wothamanga masewera, kusankha kwanu ndi TN, 144 Hz, ndi G-Sync kapena AMD-Freesync.
- Wojambula zithunzi kapena videographer, akugwira ntchito ndi zithunzi kapena kungoyang'ana mafilimu - IPS, nthawi zina mukhoza kuyang'anitsitsa VA.
Ndipo, ngati mutenga makhalidwe ena, malangiziwo ali olondola. Komabe, anthu ambiri amaiwala pazifukwa zina:
- Pali matrices ochepa a IPS ndi TNs abwino kwambiri. Mwachitsanzo, ngati tiyerekezera MacBook Air ndi matrix a TN ndi otchipa lapamwamba ndi IPS (izi zingakhale zitsanzo za Digma kapena Prestigio otsiriza, kapena chinachake monga HP Pavilion 14), tikuwona kuti matrix a TN amatsogolera bwino dzuwa, lili ndi mtundu wabwino kwambiri wa kufalitsa mtundu sRGB ndi AdobeRGB, malo abwino owonera. Ndipo ngakhale ngati mtengo wotsika wa IPS sungapangitse mitundu yambiri pamakona, koma kuchokera kumalo kumene mawonedwe a TN a MacBook Air ayamba kutembenuka, simungakhoze kuwona kalikonse pa matrix awa a IPS (amapita kumdima). Ngati alipo, mungathe kuyerekezera ma iPhones awiri omwe ali ndi chithunzi choyambirira ndipo m'malo mwake muli ofanana ndi Chichina: zonsezi ndi IPS, koma kusiyana kuli kosaoneka.
- Sizinthu zonse zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pakompyuta zowonongeka ndi makompyuta amatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito mwachindunji pogwiritsa ntchito luso lamakono la kupanga LCD matrix. Mwachitsanzo, anthu ena amaiwala zapadera ngati kuwala: kupeza mwatsatanetsatane wothamanga ya 144 Hz ndi kuwala kwamphamvu kwa 250 cd / m2 (kwenikweni, ngati icho chifikiridwa, chiri mkatikatikati pa chinsalu) ndikuyamba kukhala ndi squinting, kumbali yowongoka kumaso mu chipinda chakuda. Ngakhale kungakhale kwanzeru kusunga ndalama pang'ono, kapena kuima pa 75 Hz, koma chithunzi chowala kwambiri.
Zotsatira zake: sizingatheke kupereka yankho lomveka bwino, koma zomwe zingakhale zabwino, ndikungoganizira za mtundu wa masewerawo komanso zofunikira. Udindo waukulu umawonetsedwa ndi bajeti, zizindikiro zina zowonekera (kuwala, kukonza, etc.) komanso ngakhale kuyatsa mu chipinda chomwe chidzagwiritsidwe ntchito. Yesetsani kukhala osamala mwatsatanetsatane musanagule ndikupenda ndemanga, osati kudalira ndemanga pa mzimu wa "IPS pa mtengo wa TN" kapena "Iyi ndi yotsika mtengo 144 Hz."
Mitundu Ina ya Matrix ndi Notation
Posankha chowunika kapena laputopu, kuwonjezera pa mayina omwe anthu ambiri amawatchula monga matrices, mungapeze ena osadziŵa zambiri. Choyamba: mitundu yonse ya zojambula zomwe takambiranazi zikhoza kukhala mu TFT ndi LCD mayina, chifukwa onse amagwiritsa ntchito makristasi amadzi ndi matrix yogwira ntchito.
Komanso, ponena za mitundu yina ya zizindikiro zomwe mungakumane nazo:
- PLS, AHVA, AH-IPS, UWVA, S-IPS ndi zina - kusintha kosiyanasiyana kwa teknolojia ya IPS, mofanana. Ena mwa iwo ndi maina a IPS a opanga ena (PLS - kuchokera ku Samsung, UWVA - HP).
- SVA, S-PVA, MVA - kusinthidwa kwa VA-panels.
- Igzo -kugulitsidwa mungathe kukumana ndi oyang'anira, komanso laptops ndi matrix, yomwe imatchedwa IGZO (Indium Gallium Zinc Oxide). Chidulechi sichikutanthauza mtundu wa matrix (kwenikweni, lero ndi IPS mapepala, koma makina akukonzekera kuti agwiritsidwe ntchito kwa OLED), koma za mtundu ndi zinthu za operekera ntchito: ngati pazowonetsera zenizeni ndiSi-TFT, pano IGZO-TFT. Ubwino: Zosintha zoterezi ndizowonekera komanso zimakhala zochepa, zotsatira zake: kuunika kwakukulu komanso ndalama zambiri (aSi-transistors amaphimba mbali ya dziko).
- OLED - Pakadali pano palibe maulendo ambiri awa: Dell UP3017Q ndi ASUS ProArt PQ22UC (palibe imodzi yomwe idagulitsidwa ku Russian Federation). Njira yaikulu ndi mtundu wakuda (ma diti achotsedwa, palibe kuwala), motero kusiyana kwakukulu, kungakhale kosavuta kusiyana ndi kufanana. Zowonongeka: Mtengo ukhoza kuwonongeka ndi nthawi, pamene teknoloji yaing'ono yopanga makampani akuyang'anira, chifukwa cha mavuto omwe sangayembekezere.
Ndikukhulupirira, ndinayankha mafunso ena okhudza IPS, TN ndi matrices ena, kuti mumvetsetse mafunso ena ndikuthandizani kuti muyang'anire mosamala kusankha.
