Munthu aliyense amene ankachita nawo ntchito zachuma kapena kuyendetsa zamalonda, akuyang'aniridwa ndi chiwonetsero chokhalapo panopa kapena NPV. Chizindikiro ichi chikuwonetsera bwino momwe ntchito yophunzitsira ikuyendera bwino. Excel ili ndi zida zomwe zingakuthandizeni kuwerengera mtengo umenewu. Tiyeni tiwone momwe tingawagwiritsire ntchito pakuchita.
Kuwerengera kwa mtengo wamakono
Mtengo wamakono wamakono (NPV) mu Chingerezi amatchedwa Net present value, chifukwa chake nthawi zambiri amamasuliridwa monga dzina lake NPV. Palinso dzina linalake - Net value pan.
NPV imatsimikizira kuchuluka kwa zomwe zilipo pakalipira malipiro, omwe ndi kusiyana pakati pa zipangizo ndi zolowera. Mwachidule, chiwonetserochi chimayesa kuchuluka kwa ndalama zomwe akukonzekera kulandira, kuchotsa zozizwitsa zonse, pambuyo polipirapo choyamba.
Excel ili ndi ntchito yomwe yapangidwa kuti iwerengedwe NPV. Icho chiri cha gulu lachuma la ogwira ntchito ndipo amatchedwa NPV. Chidule cha ntchitoyi ndi ichi:
= NPV (mlingo; value1; value2; ...)
Kutsutsana "Bet" ikuyimira mtengo wokhazikitsidwa wa mlingo wotsika mtengo kwa nthawi imodzi.
Kutsutsana "Phindu" imasonyeza kuchuluka kwa ndalama kapena mapepala. Pachiyambi choyamba, chiri ndi chizindikiro choipa, ndipo chachiwiri - chokoma. Mtundu woterewu mu ntchito ukhoza kuchokera 1 mpaka 254. Iwo akhoza kuchita ngati nambala, kapena iwo akhoza kukhala mafotokozedwe a maselo omwe manambalawa ali nawo, komabe, komanso kutsutsana "Bet".
Vuto ndilokuti ntchitoyo, ngakhale idaitanidwa NPVkoma kuwerengera NPV sagwiritsanso ntchito molondola. Izi zikuchitika chifukwa chakuti silingaganizire za ndalama zoyamba, zomwe malinga ndi malamulo sizikutanthauza zamakono, koma nthawi ya zero. Choncho, mu Excel, ndondomeko yowerengera NPV zingakhale bwino kulemba izi:
= Poyamba_kumwa + NPV (mlingo; value1; value2; ...)
Mwachibadwa, ndalama zoyambirira, monga mtundu uliwonse wa ndalama, zidzasindikizidwa "-".
Chitsanzo chowerengera cha NPV
Tiyeni tiganizire kugwiritsa ntchito ntchitoyi kuti tidziwe mtengo NPV pachitsanzo chapadera.
- Sankhani selo limene chiwerengero cha chiwerengero chidzawonetsedwa. NPV. Dinani pazithunzi "Ikani ntchito"adayikidwa pafupi ndi bar.
- Zenera likuyamba. Oyang'anira ntchito. Pitani ku gawo "Ndalama" kapena "Mndandanda wathunthu wa alfabeti". Sankhani mbiri mmenemo "CHPS" ndipo dinani pa batani "Chabwino".
- Pambuyo pake, zenera la zotsatila izi zidzatsegulidwa. Lili ndi chiwerengero cha minda yofanana ndi chiwerengero cha ntchito zotsutsana. Munda woyenera "Bet" komanso malo amodzi "Phindu".
Kumunda "Bet" muyenera kufotokozera mlingo wamakono wotsika. Phindu lake likhoza kuperekedwa mwadongosolo, koma kwa ife kufunika kwake kuikidwa mu selo pa pepala, chotero timasonyeza adilesi ya seloyi.
Kumunda Chofunika1 " muyenera kufotokoza zochitika zotsatizana zomwe zili ndi ndalama zenizeni zowonongeka zamtsogolo, kuphatikizapo kulipira koyamba. Izi zikhoza kuchitidwa pamanja, koma zimakhala zosavuta kuyika mtolowo pamtundu womwewo, ndipo, ndi batani lamanzere lomwe likugwiritsidwa ntchito, sankhani mapepala ofanana pa pepala.
Popeza, kwa ife, ndalama zimayikidwa pa pepala muzitsulo zolimba, simukusowa kulowa deta kumalo ena. Ingolani pa batani "Chabwino".
- Chiwerengero cha ntchitoyi chikuwonetsedwa mu selo yomwe tinasankha mu ndime yoyamba ya malangizo. Koma, monga tikumbukira, ndalama zoyambirira zinakhalabe zosawerengeka. Kutsiriza mawerengedwe NPVsankhani selo yomwe ili ndi ntchito NPV. Mtengo wake umapezeka mu bar.
- Mutatha khalidwe "=" onetsani kuchuluka kwa malipiro oyambirira ndi chizindikiro "-"ndipo pambuyo pake timaika chizindikiro "+"zomwe ziyenera kutsogolo kwa woyendetsa NPV.
Mukhozanso kutenga nambalayi ndi adilesi ya selo pa pepala yomwe ili ndi malipiro oyambirira.
- Pofuna kupanga mawerengedwe ndi kusonyeza zotsatira mu selo, dinani pa batani Lowani.
Zotsatira zimachokera ndipo kwa ife, mtengo wamakonowu ndi ofanana ndi 41160,77 rubles. Ndalama zimenezi zimakhala kuti wogulitsa ndalama, atapereka ndalama zonse, komanso kuganizira za mtengo wotsika mtengo, akhoza kuyembekezera kulandira phindu. Tsopano, podziwa chizindikiro ichi, iye angasankhe kaya agwire ndalama mu polojekiti kapena ayi.
Phunziro: Ntchito zachuma mu Excel
Monga mukuonera, pamaso pa zonse zomwe zikubwera, yesani kuwerengera NPV kugwiritsa ntchito Excel zida ndizosavuta. Chinthu chokha chovuta ndi chakuti ntchito yokonzedweratu kuthetsa vutoli silingaganizire kulipira koyamba. Koma vutoli ndi losavuta kuthetsa, pokhapokha potengera chiwerengero chofanana pamapeto omaliza.
